• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.96-112
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• 1993

The morphological characteristics of chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta, masou salmon. Oncorhynchus masou and rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss in Korea were studied from 1989 to 1990. It was found that 13 factors of the female and 11 factors of the male in body form, number of pyloric ceaca and gill rakers has significant specific differences. There were some differences among species in the ratios of body depth, caudal peduncle depth, dorsal fin length and anal fin length to standard length (PBL), and snout length, eye diameter, upper jaw length, and cheek to head length. In the ratio of head length to fork length of the male, chum salmon showed the highest(24.7%) value and rainbow trout the lowest(21.6%). No difference was found in the female. It was proved that number of vertebrae, gill rakers, pyloric ceaca and lateral line scales were useful taxonomical characteristics of the salmon species. In particular, the ratio of eye diameter (ED) to head length (HL) appeared to be a new taxonomic criterion for the salmons in Korean waters.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.12
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• pp.6346-6352
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• 2013

Radiotherapy of rectal cancer requires a stabilized image but the movement of patients is almost unavoidable in radiotherapy. In this study, the setup error using the radiation treatment technique was compared according to the loading time and BMI(Body Mass Index) for 14 patients with rectal cancer. In addition, the variation of the dose by the average setup error was compared. Therefore, the technique of a selective standard was established. As a result, 3DCRT(3-Dimensional Radiation Therapy) and VMAT(Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy) showed a similar time and error. In comparison, IMRT(Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy) increased the time two fold and the error four fold. In BMI, a more pyknic patient showed a larger error for all techniques. Regarding the dose, IMRT and VMAT increased much more than 3DCRT in the average error at the small bowel. Therefore, 3DCRT of the short time will be applied to pyknic rectal cancer. Moreover, VMAT selects than IMRT in the overexposure of the small bowel.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.25-30
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• 2012

Thymic stromal lymphopoietin(TSLP) is a novel IL-7-like hematopoietic cytokine. Human TSLP is produced by epithelial cells, stromal cells, and mast cells. The TSLP gene is highly expressed in synovial fluid specimens derived from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. We previously identified four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and one variation site in human TSLP gene. In this study, we analyzed the genotypic and allelic frequencies of the TSLP SNPs between RA patients and healthy controls. We also investigated the relationships between SNP genotypes and the RF levels and anti-synthetic cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) levels in RA patients. We then calculated the haplotype frequencies defined by these SNPs for both groups. The genotype and allele frequencies of the TSLP SNPs did not differ significantly between the RA patients and the healthy controls. We also found that TSLP SNPs in the RA patients had no significant association with the levels of RF or anti-CCP. Our results suggest that TSLP SNPs are not associated with susceptibility to RA.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.722-740
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• 2017

This study was conducted to offer basic data that can be used in a clothing industry for active senior males that are emerging as a new consumer bracket in a rapid aging age. To this end, this study conducted an analysis of 'younger' older male body types based on data from the 6th Size Korea. As a result of the body type analysis of 'younger' older males who are considered active seniors in comparison to 'middle' aged males, the former's height items became shorter compared to 'middle' aged males, but circumference items were bigger. Males aged 35-69, who are 'middle' aged males and 'younger' old males were divided into three body types in this study: Type1- small body type with protruded belly, compared to weight. Type 2- body type of slim torso with wide shoulder-back widths. Type3- big body type overall with tall height and heavy weight. According to body type distribution by age group, the middle-aged males had Type2 body type the most. The younger-old males showed type1 the most. There is a need to reflect the body types of active senior male characteristics in apparel pattern design because the current fits are not appropriate if active senior males wear clothing targeted for males aged 30-50.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.26 no.8
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• pp.758-764
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• 2015

This paper describes the pattern synthesis of array antenna which conforms to a metallic curved surface formed by the rotation of a quadratic function by using EAGA(Enhanced Adaptive Genetic Algorithm). Three rotated-type conformal surfaces are realized by changing the coefficient of the quadratic function and the pattern of each conformal array antenna is synthesized. In order to reduce the overall time of pattern synthesis, the transformed active element pattern obtained by the active element pattern of the 2-dimensional planar array using Euler angles rotation is utilized instead of the active element pattern of the 3-dimensional conformal array antenna itself. To verify validity of the proposed synthesis procedure, the synthesized patterns using EAGA are compared with those obtained by MWS.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.240-248
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• 2013

The curing behaviors of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) with mercaptan hardener were studied by the comparison with amine-adduct type hardener. Curing behaviors were evaluated by DSC at dynamic and isothermal conditions. In the DSC, the dynamic experiments were based on the method of Kissinger's equation, and the isothermal experiments were fitted to the Kamal's kinetic model. Activation energy of epoxy/amine-adduct type hardener was ca. 40 kcal/mol. As the functional group of mercaptan hardener, -SH increased, on epoxy/mercaptan hardeners, the activation energies decreased from 28 to 19 kcal/mol. Epoxy/amine-adduct type hardener was initiated at $90^{\circ}C$ or higher. However, epoxy/mercaptan hardeners reduced the initiation temperatures below $80^{\circ}C$ and shortened the durations of curing reaction within 10 min. We found out that the reaction kinetics of epoxy with mercaptan hardener followed the autocatalytic reaction models, and the maximum reaction rates were shown at the conversions of 20~40%.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.33-47
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• 2023

In this study, the difference in human body dimensions between the age groups of Generation M (27 to 39 years old) and Generation Z (20 to 26 years old) was analyzed. This study also analyzed if there was a change in the body shape of the MZ generation, who have different sensibilities from the "young people" of the past. In addition, major changes in human body dimensions were carefully analyzed and presented as basic data for clothing design. Therefore, a t-test was performed to verify the significant differences in the measurements of each age group. To examine the change in human body measurements according to the measurement year, the 7th and 8th size Korea data statistics were analyzed. The main required dimensions of clothing design were analyzed graphically for visual changes according to measurement year and age group. As a result of the analysis, Generation Z was found to have a difference in body shape from Generation M, and is generally smaller and slimmer with broader shoulders. In addition, the body shape change between the 7th and 8th measurement periods was significantly higher than the 8th measurement overall. Height has increased and back length has become shorter, resulting in a larger ratio of lower body length. In addition, the proportion of obesity abnormalities has increased. Therefore, since the dimensional system set from the past data can cause problems for the fitting of clothing for the MZ generation, it is necessary to design the clothing and reset the dimensional system making it suitable for the changed the body shape of the MZ generation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.202-208
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• 2005

This study was conducted to examine the food habits, knowledge of nutrition and actual conditions of food ingestion of adolescent middle school students according to questionnaire answers. Questionnaires were completed by 524 students, divided into a healthy group (n=289) and an unhealthy group (n=235) according to clinical signs. Further questions were asked of the two groups in the areas of food habits, knowledge of nutrition and nutritional attitude. The results were as follows: Mean age of all subjects was 14, heights for male and female students were 162.0 em, and 157.2 cm, weights were 53.4 kg, and 49.4, respectively. Heights and weights of male students were greater than those of female students. The body mass index (BMI) for male and female students was 20.3 kg/$m^2$ and 20.0 kg/$m^2$, respectively, and all data were within normal ranges. There were no significant differences in mean age, height, weight, and BMI between the healthy and unhealthy groups. There was no significant difference in body image recognition between the two groups, although the ratio of dissatisfaction with their own body shape was significantly higher in the female unhealthy group (46.1%), than in the female healthy group (33.0%) (p<0.05). In the area of the struggle to control body weight during the previous year, the female unhealthy group (59.4%) was higher than the female healthy group (38.4%) (p<0.01). There was no significant difference in the scores between the two groups in the areas of knowledge of nutrition and the nutritional attitude. Meal frequency and meal patterns were showed that having breakfast less than 4x/week was significantly higher in the female unhealthy group (44.0%), than in the female healthy group (30.7%) (p<0.01). Meal frequency for suppers<4x/week showed that the female unhealthy group (18.8%) was also higher than the female healthy group (10.7%). Therefore, the unhealthy group exhibited a higher pattern of missing both breakfast and supper. The male unhealthy group (16.7%) dined out more frequently than the male healthy group (12.3%) (p<0.01), and female unhealthy group also indulged in snacking significantly more frequently than the female healthy group. The unhealthy group also ate only 1 item for meals more frequently than the healthy group and no significant difference. The conclusion of this study is that adolescent Korean middle school students, who showed a higher incidence of clinical symptoms, representing an unhealthy status, missed breakfast and supper, and dined out and indulged in snacking more frequently. Their quality of breakfast and satisfaction of body image were also lower than the healthy group. These results indicated that there is a high correlation between a Korean adolescent's health status, food habits and body image satisfaction. It is recommended that a more intense program of nutritional education and monitoring be introduce into the current Korean middle-school system in order to optimally support and maximize the health potential of the current population of Korean student.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.554-562
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• 2009

As a result of comparison analysis on body types of Korean women in their forties and Korean women residing in Japan, the following results had been found. 1. In terms of factors composing the body type, while women residing in Korea did not show large differences in obesity and horizontal size factors, women living in Japan showed higher contribution of obesity factor compared to horizontal size factor. That is, obesity factor was substantially more important among factors composing the body type for women residing in Japan. 2. Cluster analysis was done to understand the characteristics of body types and comparatively analyze them. Women residing in Korea were classified into tall and normal body, normal height with obese body, and short and chubby body. Women residing in Japan showed different characteristics with tall and obese body, tall and normal body with long lower part, and short and thin body. As a result of this study, identical ethnic group was found to take on different body types resulting from sociocultural differences and difference in eating habits if their place of residence differs for a long time.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.95-111
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• 2010

Recently, there have been lots of study for disease-genetic association using SNPs and haplotypes. Statistical methods and tools for various types of data are developed by many researchers. However, there is no unified software which can handle most of major analysis, and the methods and manners to deal with data are quite different through softwares. And thus it is not easy to researcher to choose proper software. In this study, we devide analyzing procedures into three steps: preliminary analysis, population-based analysis and family-based analysis. We review the statistical methods for each step and compare the features of the FBAT, SAS/Genetics, SAGE and R as major integrating softwares for genetic study.