• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.150-160
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• 2001

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of weight loss and the change of serum lipids composition for normal and obese women after sprout raw grains and vegetables diet intake. Diet were given to the subjects which were composed of 11 normal women and 7 obese women for 4 weeks. After diet intake, 4.6% in normal group and 3.5% in obese group were shown weight loss. And the both groups of normal and obese women showed a significant reduction in the thickness of subcutaneous fat and the body girth. Particularly, the waist measure was shown to be remarkably reduced in the normal group (p< 0.0001) and to be reduced in the obese group (p<0.017) significantly. After diet intake. the levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides were reduced in both groups significantly. And in the obese women, HDL-cholesterol level increased 5.7%. As those results, it could be seen that weight and the thickness of subcutaneous fat were reduced and the component of blood serum were improved after diet intake for 4 weeks. Specially, abdomen, waist measures and hip girth were reduced remarkably, so it is considered that the diet is more effective in the diet therapy of obese women with upper obese status.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.279-286
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• 2007

This study was conducted to induce molting with DDGS and non-salt diet and compare the effect of feeding molting and fasting molting on the performance, egg quality, and visceral organs in laying hens for animal welfare. One-hundredeight 62-wk-old White Leghorn hens that egg production was over 80% and average weight was $1.8{\pm}0.1kg$ were used in this study. Treatments were control(non-molt treatment), feeding molt treatment(DDGS, non-salt diet), and fasting molt treatment. The four treatments were administered to three replicate group of nine hens wherein each group. All treatment groups were fed the basal diet(CP 15%, ME 2,700 kal/kg) for two weeks as the adaptation period. Test Periods were 28 days at all treatments. Egg production decreased for 18 days to be 0% at feeding molting treatment, and for 17 days to be 0% at non-salt feeding molting treatment. Egg production stopped for 6 days at fasting molting treatment. Egg production restarted after 12 days molt at feeding molting treatment, while after 16 days at fasting molting treatment. On the egg quality was improved at molting treatments (p<0.05) except egg yolk. Egg shell tissue was crowded at molting treatment to compare to control. Liver weights, heart weight, and oviduct weight of laying hens decreased at molting treatments(p<0.05). Finally, feeding molting might could be replaced fasting molting on the welfare and further studies were needed about molting program.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.346-356
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• 2013

This study investigated the daily physical activity level, energy expenditure, energy balance, and body composition and their relationship with university students. The participants were 130 male students ($19.5{\pm}0.5$ yrs) and 139 female students ($19.5{\pm}0.3$ yrs) at a university in Chungnam province. Physical activity level was evaluated by an equation based on 24 hr-activity record and dietary nutrient intake was evaluated using the food record method during a three-day period consisting of two week days and one weekend. Body composition was measured using Inbody 430 (Biospace Co., Cheonan, Korea). As a result, mean body mass index (BMI) of subjects indicated that they had normal weight, however mean body fat ratio was $19.1{\pm}5.4%$ for males and $28.4{\pm}5.0%$ for females, indicating that they had higher than normal weight. Daily mean physical activity level was 1.55 for males and 1.47 for females, which was regarded as 'low active', respectively. Females had more light activity than males (p<0.01). Daily mean energy expenditure was $2,803.5{\pm}788.9$ kcal/d for males and $1,915.4{\pm}510.2$ kcal/d for females (p<0.001). Daily mean dietary energy intake was $2,327.0{\pm}562.5$ kcal/d for males and $1,802.1{\pm}523.6/d$ for females (p<0.001), and daily mean energy balance was $-476.5{\pm}955.9$ kcal/d for males and $-113.3{\pm}728.1$ kcal/d for females (p<0.01). Daily mean dietary intake of protein, vitamins, and minerals, except Ca, satisfied recommended nutrient intake. Daily energy expenditure was positively related to body weight (p<0.01), BMI (p<0.01), and fat free mass ratio (p<0.05), but was negatively related to body fat ratio (p<0.01). In conclusion, subjects had a negative energy balance and low physical activity. They had a normal weight by BMI but had a more fat than normal weight by body fat ratio. This appears to be related to their low physical activity. Thus, nutrition education should be provided for university students in order to increase their physical activity for maintenance of normal weight by body composition and health promotion.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.497-504
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to compare body image and dietary behavior in middle and high school girls in the Gyeongbuk area in September, 2014. Data were collected from a total of 194 middle school and 170 high school girls through a self-reported questionnaire. A total of 364 completed questionnaires were collected and used for the final analysis. The mean body mass index (BMI) of respondents was normal at 21.29. Generally, high school girls had greater height, weight and BMI than middle school girls. Height (p<0.001) and weight (p<0.001) were significantly different, while BMI was not. The ratio of students who perceived their body size as 'Fat' was significantly (p<0.05) higher in high school (43.9%) than in middle school (31.6%). The ratio of dissatisfaction with their current body image was significantly (p<0.001) higher in high school girls (64.1%) than in middle school girls (44.0%). Among respondents who perceived their body size as 'Fat', many high school girls actually (53.3%) had normal or low body weight and this was significantly (p<0.001) higher than in middle school girls (39.3%). Experience with weight control was higher in high school girls (67.3%) than in middle school girls (60.6%), but there was no significant difference. Regarding the weight control methods, respondents selected 'combination diet and exercise' (22.2%), 'diet control' (20.9%), 'exercise' (18.7%), and 'reduce snacks and midnight snack' (17.4%). 15 items under obesity-related dietary behavior were measured with 5-point scales and lower scores indicated obesity diet behavior. The mean score for all respondents was 3.19/5.00, and high school girls (3.06) scored significantly (p<0.001) higher than middle school girls (3.33). Our study suggests that the development of effective nutrition and health education for diet control is crucial for adolescent girls. This study will enable educators to plan more effective strategies to improve the dietary knowledge of adolescent girls.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.42 no.10
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• pp.1608-1617
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• 2013

This study is performed to evaluate the effectiveness of a weight management program for overweight and obesity office workers; comparing their changes in the anthropometry, biochemistry, nutrient intakes, and exercise performance before and after the obesity management program. This program was performed on 39 workers, who are overweight or obese, over BMI 23 for 6 months in Jeollabuk-do public institution. As the results of this study suggests, triceps thickness (TT) of male subjects was significantly decreased (P<0.05). Waist circumference (WC), and hip circumference (HC) of the total subjects were significantly decreased after the weight management program (P<0.05). The biochemical result of the Total cholesterol (TC) (P<0.05) and LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) (P<0.01) was significantly decreased in male subjects. The results of abdominal computed tomography (CT) also showed that subcutaneous fat area (SFA) of male subjects was significantly decreased after the weight management program (P<0.01). The nutrient intake's results of female subjects, who took Fe, Vit B2, and niacin, were increased significantly after the weight management program (P<0.05). The nutrition knowledge score of male subjects was significantly increased (P<0.05), and a muscular endurance of the physical test was significantly increased after the obesity management program (P<0.01). At the work place, workers need a systemic health and obesity management program to improve their work efficiency and quality of life. After this study, the program should be developed and supported continuously to maintain positive results from this study.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.276-280
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• 2013

Obesity, the leading metabolic disease, is a prevalent health problem in industrialized countries and is closely associated with coronary heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, and even cancer. In this study, we investigated the effects of dip-sauce for meat containing Garcinia cambogia extract (GC) on the lipid accumulation and body weight reduction in rats fed high-fat diet for three months. Eighteen Sprague Dawley male rats of five-week-old were randomly assigned to one of three groups; normal chew diet (NCD) group, high-fat diet plus GC-noncontaining dip-sauce (HFD) group, and HFD plus GC-containing dip-sauce (HFD+GC) group. Co-administration of GC-containing dip-sauce (5 g/kg body weight/day) with HFD significantly attenuated cumulative body weight gain, compared with NCD or HFD groups. Both epididymal and perirenal fat pad weights in the HFD plus GC group were significantly lower than those of HFD or NCD groups. Administration of GC-containing dip-sauce also resulted in significant reduction in the serum levels of total cholesterol, total lipid, and triglyceride, compared with NCD or HFD groups. Thus, GC-containing dip-sauce confers beneficial effects to pathological states associated with metabolic disorder via its anti-obesity and lipid lowering properties.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.32 no.8
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• pp.1394-1400
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• 2003

In this study a natural composition containing oriental herbs, KSH28, for reducing obesity and metabolic syndrome was constructed and its efficacy was evaluated in animal and human. To investigate the anti-obesity effect of KSH28, animal study was conducted using high fat diet-induced obese mice. KSH28 significantly decreased body weight and adipose tissue in high fat diet-fed obese mice. The mean size of fat cells in adipose tissue was significantly reduced. Glucose and triglyceride levels were also significantly decreased. To elucidate its efficacy in human, a natural food containing KSH28 with grains, vegetables, vitamins, minerals and dietary fibers was constructed and 40 subjects (8 male and 32 female) were tested for the change of body composition, blood pressure and blood lipid profile. All subjects had 2 pack (309 each) of natural food per day for 4 weeks. Compared to the baseline value, body fat was significantly reduced, however, water, protein and mineral contents in the body were not changed, suggesting selective reduction of fat tissue. Blood pressure and serum lipid profile were significantly decreased to reduce risk for metabolic syndrome. Serum GPT, a liver function indicator, was not changed and no significant side effects were detected. Therefore, it was shown that the KSH28 is a safe and effective composition for reducing obesity and metabolic syndrome.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.477-482
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• 2014

This study was performed to evaluate the anti-obesity and lipid-lowering effects of phytoplant diets in rats fed with a high-fat/cholesterol diet (HFCD). Experimental diet formulae contained various phytoplants such as brown rice, barley, soybean, germinated brown rice, malt, black bean, sea tangle, and/or dietary fibers including polydextrose, garcinia combogia, glucomannan, ${\small}L$-carnitine, and chitosan. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with a HFCD for 6 weeks and then fed with a HFCD with/without phytoplants for another 6 weeks. Rats fed with phytoplant diets showed lower body weights, liver weights, visceral fat levels, and blood lipid levels compared to those of rats fed with HFCD alone. In addition, rats administered phytoplant diets showed increased daily feces production during the second experimental phase. These results suggest that phytoplant diets improve body weight, feces production, adipose tissue weight, and lipid metabolism.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.4318-4328
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• 2014

This study examined the relationship between the emotional labor, job stress and eating attitudes among clinical nurses. The data was collected from 434 clinical nurses in G city, from February 21 to March 31, 2013 and analyzed using the SPSS 17.0 program. The mean levels of the clinical nurse's emotional labor, job stress and eating attitudes were 3.53, 3.81 and 2.27, respectively. The emotional labor showed a significant positive correlation between job stress (r= .570, p=<.001) and eating attitudes (r= .114, p<.05). In addition, the factors affecting the eating attitude were BMI (${\beta}$=262, p<.001), weight loss exercise (${\beta}$=.203, p<.001), internal medicine (${\beta}$=178, p<.001), surgery (${\beta}$ =.102, p=.043), and emotional labor (${\beta}$=106, p=0.49). These variables accounted for 16.8% of the variance in eating attitudes among clinical nurses. Therefore, working with differentiated departmental programs will be required to improve the eating attitudes and the BMI.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.80-89
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• 2007

This study was performed to investigate the effectiveness of nutritional education and exercise intervention on reduction and maintenance of weight. The subjects were 24 obese women whose body mass index(BMI) was over $25kg/m^2$. Nutritional education was performed once a week and swimming was done three times a week throughout this 12 week program. The subjects were recalled 1 month after the program was complete. Nutrient intakes were assessed by 24 hour recall method. Also food habits, dietary behaviors and nutritional knowledge were investigated by self-administered questionnaires before and after the weight control program and one month after completing the program. Height, weight, body composition and blood levels were measured before and after the weight control program and one month after completing the program. During the 12 weeks of the weight control program, body weight significantly decreased from an average of 69.7kg to 65.8kg and to 65.1kg after one month(p<0.05). Body fat and BMI also significantly decreased(p<0.01). Cholesterol and blood sugar levels decreased after 12 weeks and increased one month after completing the program. After taking nutritional education, the nutritional knowledge scores increased. Calcium intake significantly increased after completing the education and one month after completing the program(p<0.01). Iron intake significantly decreased from an average of 12.1g to 11.3g after completing the program and increased to 15.5g one month after completing the progrom(p<0.001). We concluded that our nutritional education and exercise program was effective for reducing and maintaining weight.