• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Energy Engineering kosee Conference
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• 1995.11a
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• pp.116-125
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• 1995

우리나라 에너지소비구조는 높은 화석연료 의존성, 에너지 다소비형 산업구조, 열악한 에너지소비효율성 등 구조적 취약성을 지니고 있다. 특히 국내 총 에너지 수요의 60 % 이상을 차지하는 석유는 전량 해외수입에 의존하고 있어 향후 석유위기 상황 재연시 국가 전체 산업활동을 위축시킬 수 있는 가능성을 내포하고 있다. 정부에서는 국내외 사회/경제적 환경변화에 부응하고 국가경제의 지속적 발전을 위해 에너지 및 자원개발전략 내용을 포함한 신경제 5 개년계획을 수립한 바 있으며, 신재생에너지 개발기술의 조기 실용화 및 보급확대를 위하여 연료용알콜 생산 기술개발을 중점추진하고 있다. 특히 최근 지구온난화 문제와 관련하여 국가간 탄소배출규제협약 (Green Round)의 발효가 예견되는 상황에서 청정/재생에너지로서 연료용알콜 이용에 대한 중요성이 새로이 부각되고 있다.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.15 no.2 s.46
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• pp.96-106
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• 2006

Among several different hydrogen production technologies, solar hydrogen system for water splitting is the only clean and sustainable energy supplier. Hydrogen production by water-splitting utilizing solar energy has attracted considerable interest since the pioneering work of Honda and Fujishima in 1979, who discovered that water can be photo-electrochemically decomposed into hydrogen and oxygen using a semiconductor ($TiO_2$) electrode under UV irradiation. Most efforts to utilize solar ray lead to explore visible responding photocatalysts, PEC cells and other fusion technology like bio-photocatalytic conversion. In this paper, photon utilization technologies for water splitting have been briefly reviewed except solar thermal utilization technology.

• Clean Technology
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.223-236
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• 2017

As the use of waste and biomass increases in a power generation boiler, high temperature corrosion (HTC) problems of boiler heat exchangers are becoming very important. Chlorine of the low-rank fuels is mainly responsible for the HTC issues, which typically occur in the surface of high temperature heat exchanger like a superheater or reheater. In order to mitigate the problem, various approaches have been proposed in terms of design modification, material improvement, fuel pre-treatment and additive utilization. In this study, the current state of research and development focused on the additive method was investigated.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.355-362
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• 2009

Fuels based on petroleum will eventually run out in the near future. DME (Di-methyl Ether) is a clean energy source that can be manufactured from various raw materials such as natural gas, coal as well as biomass. As DME has no carbon-carbon bond in its molecular structure and is an oxygenate fuel, its combustion essentially generates no soot as well as no SOx. Because the physical properties of DME are similar to those of LPG, the LPG distribution infrastructure can be converted to use with DME. DME has such high cetane number of 55~60 that it can be used as a diesel engine fuel. Practical use of DME as a next-generation clean fuel or next-generation chemical feedstock is advancing in the fields of power generation, diesel engines, household use, and fuel cells, among others. The purpose of this paper is review the characteristics, standardization, status of research and development in domestic and foreign countries of DME.

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.153-154
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• 2001

온실가스 감축 규제에 대응하기 위해 우리나라를 비롯한 많은 국가에서 대량의 $CO_2$ 감축을 목적으로 다양한 기술개발이 추진되고 있다. 온실가스 저감기술을 분류하는 방법으로 에너지 생산/사용에 대한 효율 향상 기술과 발생되는 온실가스를 근본적으로 억제 혹은 발생 온실가스를 효율적으로 처리하는 기술로 크게 분류되고 있다. 우선, 에너지에 대한 기술 중에는 에너지절약기술과 저탄소 에너지 사용(원자력, 신재생에너지, 천연가스)을 위한 대체에너지 및 청정에너지기술이 있으며, 발생된 온실가스 처리에 대한 분리회수 기술로는 흡착법, 흡수법, 막분리법, 막흡수법 등이 연구되고 있다. (중략)

• Clean Technology
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.163-171
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• 2023

Hydrogen has been gaining a lot of attention as a possible clean energy source that can aid in reaching carbon neutrality. Currently, hydrogen production has relied on the steam reforming of fossil fuels. However, due to the carbon dioxide emissions caused by this process, hydrogen production based on the steam reforming of bio-oil derived from biomass has been proposed as an alternative approach. In order to use this alternative approach efficiently, one of the key issues that must be overcome is that the complexity of bio-oil, which has a large molecular weight and diverse functional groups of hydrocarbons, promotes the catalytic deactivation of nickel-based catalysts. In this review, research efforts to improve nickel-based catalysts for the steam reforming of bio-oil have been discussed in terms of the active phase, support, and promoters. The active phases are involved in activating C-C and C-H bonds of high-molecular-weight hydrocarbons, and noble and transition metals can be utilized. In terms of the support and promoters, the catalytic deactivation of Ni-based catalysts can be inhibited by utilizing reactive lattice oxygen for support or by suppressing the acidity. The development of active and stable Ni-based reforming catalysts plays a critical role in clean hydrogen production based on bio-oils.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.179-179
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• 2006

산업기술의 고도화에 따른 IT 산업의 급속한 발전으로 각종 전자, 정보통신기기에 대해 더욱 소형화 고성능화를 요구하고 있다. 이와 같은 경향에 따라 더욱 향상된 기능을 가지고 각종 소자 부품의 개발과 동시에 유독 물질 발생이 없는 청정생산기술 개발에 대한 요구가 끊임없이 제기 되어 왔다. 이러한 요구에 부응하여 기술들이 개발되고 있으며 그 중의 하나로 잉크젯 프린팅 기술이 연구되고 있다. 특히 Dod(Drop on Demand) 방식의 잉크젯은 가정용 프린터로 개발되어 널리 보급된 기술이지만, 이 기술을 PCB 제조기술에 전용하면 친환경 생산공정으로 부품 성장밀도를 증대 시킬 수 있다. 기존의 PCB 제조기술은 전극과 신호 패턴을 형성시키기 위하여 노광공정과 에칭공정을 반복적으로 사용하고 있는데, 노광공정에서 쓰이는 마스크와 유틸리티 설비 유지 비용의 문제가 대두되고 있다. 노즐로부터 분사된 잉크 액적들의 집합으로 기판위에 점/선/면의 인쇄이미지를 구현하게 된다. 그러므로 인쇄 해상도는 잉크액적 및 인쇄 방법, 기판과의 상호작용에 크게 의존하게 된다. 잉크 액적과 기판의 상호작용에 영향을 미치는 요소로는 잉크의 물리화학적 물성(밀도, 점도, 표면장력), 잉크 액적의 충돌 조건(액적 지름, 부피, 속도), 그리고 기판의 특성(친수/소수성, Porous/Nonporous, 표면조도 등)을 들 수 있겠다. 우선적으로 노즐을 통과해서 분사되는 액적의 크기에 따라 기판위에 형성되는 라인의 두께 및 폭이 결정된다. 떨어진 액적이 기판위에서 퍼지는 것을 UV 조사를 통한 가경화 과정을 통해서 최종적으로 라인의 투께 및 폭을 조절하려고 한다. 따라서 선폭 $75{\mu}m$의 일정한 미세 배선을 형성시키기 위해 액적 크기 조절과 탄착 resist 액적 표면의 UV 가경화 조건으로 구현하려고 한다. 또한 DPI(Dot Per Inch) 조절을 통한 인쇄로 탄착 resist의 두께 확보 후 에칭시 박리되는 현상을 억제 시키려 한다.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.691-717
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• 2008

The Kyoto Mechanisms allows a supplementary means for compliance, CDM(Clean Development Mechanism) and JI(Joint Implementation) projects. The investment in CDM projects is increasing rapidly as the first implementation period began in 2008. This paper seeks to determine factors affecting the price of primary CER using UNFCCC CDM Project Development Document(PDD) data. This study employs the Cluster analysis and the GLS(Generalized Least Squares) method.

• Clean Technology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.103-116
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• 2010

It has been reported that the LCD panel market in the FPD industry is become growing and its panel size and production capacity are increasing, and its manufacturing technique is improved every year. FPD manufacturing process requires high cleanliness in its overall process. Especially, FPD cleaning process which accounts for 30~40% of total manufacturing process is very important in its technological and productivity aspects. It is difficult to remove residual liquid-crystal in the fine gap after liquid-crystal injection process in the cell. In this study, aqueous cleaning agents with excellent cleaning, rinsing, and penetrating abilities, but minimum ion content for LCD panel were formulated through mixing glycol ether-type and glycol dimethyl ether-type solvents and nonionic surfactants which are widely used as raw materials for alternative cleaning agents because of environmental regulation at home and abroad. And the formulated cleaning agents were applied to clean FPD liquid crystal after its injection in the cell. Physical properties, cleaning efficiencies, and rinsabilities of the formulated cleaning agents with different combination ratios of solvents, surfactants and additives were measured. As experimental results, the formulated cleaning agents showed higher wetting indices and cloud point than the traditional commercial cleaning agent. And it was found that cleaning efficiencies of the formulated cleaning agents were influenced by the structure of main solvents in them and the types of liquid crystal as soil for cleaning. The best cleaning agents among the formulated cleaning agents showed similar cleaning efficiencies and better rinsabilities compared to the conventional cleaning agent.

• Clean Technology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.91-95
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• 2020

A new eco-friendly synthetic method for N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS), widely used in the pharmaceutical and fine chemical industries, is developed. Conventional synthesis method yields NHS of about 70% after its reaction with NH₂OH to succinic acid. In this method, NHS can be obtained using low-cost succinic acid, but a great deal of solvents are required as an extraction method to purify NHS, while the work-up process is complicated, resulting in low yield. In addition, there is a safety risk due to the high reaction temperature for commercial production, and it is not economical due to the high cost of production from the generation of much waste because of an acid catalyst and the use of various solvents. In order to make up for this shortcoming, this study used succinic anhydride as a raw material under low temperature reaction and developed a new eco-friendly industrial synthesis method using isobutyl alcohol for a single solvent and non-catalytic reaction. The economic evaluation confirms that there is a cost reduction effect of about 20%. In the future, based on this result, studies may establish a commercial production technology through scale-up research and proceed with foreign technology transfer.