• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.33 no.4
• /
• pp.455-460
• /
• 2001

Quality characteristics of rice which was washed with solution of waxy rice flour to improve the quality of long term stored rice, were investigated. 2000 (Hap-Sal) and 1996 crop year rices (Jung Bu Mi) which were pre-washed with water (PWR) and solution of waxy rice flour (PWRW) were compared. Moisture contents of rices showed no difference among rices, and protein contents of PWRW were increased with washing of waxy rice flour solution although PWRW and PWR were processed from the same batch. Micro-structure of rices did not show particular difference enough to explain quality characteristics of rices. Amylogarm of PWR showed higher viscosity than Hap-Sal, which was characteristic properties of long term stored rice. However, viscosity of PWRW was decreased compared to PWR. The reason of decrease must be the effect of waxy rice starch which was imbedded with washing the rice. Color of PWR was higher in lightness (L), whiteness (W) and yellow (b) compared to Hap-Sal and PWRW. However cooked PWR showed decrease of whiteness and increase of yellow. Sensory evaluation of PWRW showed significant improvement of glossiness, stickiness, taste, and overall preference and decrease of yellow and hardness compared to PWR. Above results suggest that the development of PWRW will improve the quality of pre- washed rice.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.15-24
• /
• 2015

Past experimental research reported that people become stricter in moral judgements when cleanliness-related concepts are activated. However, it is not clear whether pre-experimental individual differences in cleanliness desire is also related to moral judgment. This research examined whether cleanliness desire in various daily activities is related to diverse types of moral judgments (Study 1), and whether experimentally manipulated physical cleanness affects the relationship between cleanliness desire and moral judgments (Study 2). The results showed reliable relationship between everyday cleanliness desire and moral judgements in that people who were high (or low) in the desire was stricter (or more tolerant) in moral judgments. The relationship was also observed when physical cleanness was manipulated, but there was no difference in moral judgments depending on actual physical cleanness.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
• /
• v.16 no.4
• /
• pp.397-405
• /
• 2003

The cleanness of Korean(n=292), Chinese(n=46), Japanese(n=114) and Western(n=74) styles restaurants in 25 districts in Seoul was evaluated in terms of kitchen area(6 criteria), handling of raw materials(3 criteria), hygiene practice for cook(1 criteria), treatment of wastes(2 criteria) and hall(2 criteria). The western-style restaurants were scored the highest points in all criteria. The other three restaurants were poorly evaluated compared with western-style ones in kitchen area, including cleanness of inside of the kitchen, hygiene practice, ventilation and working environment, drainage, and storage of utensils. The most critical criterion which represents the overall evaluation was the ventilation and working environment of the kitchen for Chinese, Japanese and Western-style restaurants, and was the cleanness of inside the kitchen for Korean-style restaurants.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.1-2
• /
• 1992

실험기구의 청결도는 실험 및 분석에 있어서 생명과 같이 중용한 것으로 실험실에서 초자기구와 그외 기구, 그리고 장비 등을 사용하는 연구자와 실험요원들이 원하는 바는 이 기구들이 완전히 청결한 상태를 유지하는 것이다. 눈에 보이지 않는 찌꺼기들은 시료분석의 오차를 유발하고, 분리속도를 증가 또는 감소시키며, 미생물 실험에 있어서는 2차 감염이나 배양물 성장저해 그리고 신속성이 낮아지는 결과 등 많은 문제점을 초래하게 된다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 실험기구는 청결히 세척되어야 하며 어떠한 방해물질도 완전히 제거되어야 한다. 이는 바로 적절한 세척제를 선택하고 또한 효과적인 세척방법이 병행되어야 함을 뜻한다. 본 고에서는 세척제의 선택과 세척방법에 대하여 간략히 논해보고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
• /
• 2002.07a
• /
• pp.209-214
• /
• 2002

현재 시중에 유통되고 있는 쌀의 표면에는 육안으로 잘 보이지는 않지만 가공과정에서 발생된 미세 쌀겨나 이물질이 다소간 부착되어 있기 때문에 이들로 인해 저장성 저하를 초래하고, 또 소비자가 밥을 짓기 위해서는 씻어야 하는 번거로움이 있다. 물론 미곡가공시설들이 깨끗한 쌀을 공급한다는 취지에서 연미기를 통과한 것을 청결미라는 브랜드로 보급하고 있지만, 이 쌀들이 과연 어느 정도의 청결도를 갖는지에 대해서는 생각해볼 여지가 많다. (중략)

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.8 no.3
• /
• pp.507-514
• /
• 2022

This study is to compare and analyze the evaluation of cleaning cleanliness and usability according to the muscle activity and cleaning method in the wrist rotation motion when using a bottle washer for women with childbirth experience. To this end, when using an automatic bottle washer and a manual bottle washer, the muscle activity and cleaning cleanliness of the forearm muscles were quantitatively evaluated using equipment, and the effects of variables were analyzed and the following conclusions were obtained. First, it was found that the muscle activity was lower than that of the automatic baby bottle cleaner when using a manual bottle cleaner. Second, the cleanliness was judged to be the best in automatic washing (forward + reverse direction), followed by automatic washing (forward direction) and manual washing. Third, the usability evaluation of the use of the baby bottle washing machine showed higher satisfaction than that of the automatic baby bottle washing machine. Through these conclusions, this study can be used as basic data for product advancement in the future by proving the effectiveness of using an automatic bottle washer.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.215-222
• /
• 2009

The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the cleaning efficacy of various irrigation methods in the mandibular mesial roots. The forty five mesial root canals were shaped by Profile .06 instruments to apical size #30 and irrigated with 5ml of 3.5% NaOCl. The teeth were divided into 3 groups and irrigated finally for 1 minute; Group 1: syringe irrigation. Group 2: ultrasonic irrigation. Group 3: RinsEndo irrigation. After histological processing, the cross sections of apical 1, 3, and 5 mm level were examined with an optical microscope. The cleanliness values of canals and isthmuses were calculated and analyzed by Mann-Whitney U test. 1. There were no significant differences in both canal and isthmus cleanliness between syringe irrigation and ultrasonic irrigation except 5 mm level of isthmus. 2. RinsEndo irrigation had significantly higher canal cleanliness values than syringe irrigation at 1 mm and 3 mm levels (p<0.05). Also, RinsEndo irrigation had significantly higher isthmus cleanliness values than syringe irrigation at all levels evaluated (p<0.05). 3. There were no statistical differences in both canal and isthmus cleanliness between ultrasonic irrigation and RinsEndo irrigation except 3 mm level of canal. From this study, RinsEndo irrigation can be useful as an additional irrigation procedure.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.41 no.2
• /
• pp.270-277
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the importance and satisfaction level foreigners place on human and physical evidence service in Korean restaurants based on nationality such as American/European, Japanese, Chinese, and Southeast Asian. The research was performed by using questionnaires conducted from August to September on 365 foreigners living in Busan. Total mean scores for the importance (3.96/5.00) and satisfaction (3.33/5.00) of Korean restaurant human and physical evidence service were significantly different (p<0.01), as the gap was -0.63. The mean scores of the gap were -1.03 for cleanliness of dining area, -1.01 for cleanliness of tableware, and -0.95 for easily understandable menu board. The mean scores of satisfaction for Southeast Asian individuals (3.77) were significantly (p<0.01) higher than those of American/European (3.40), Chinese (3.37), and Japanese (2.81). The importance and satisfaction grid showed that an easily understandable menu board and a brief description of the food or menu scored high for the importance and low for the satisfaction in American/European, Chinese, and Japanese individuals. Cleanliness of the dining area, cleanliness of tableware, cleanliness of staff appearance, kindness of employees, rapid resolution of complaints, and prompt and quick service scored high for importance and low for satisfaction in Japanese. However, Southeast Asians were satisfied with human and physical evidence service of Korean restaurants.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
• /
• 2016.02a
• /
• pp.127.2-127.2
• /
• 2016

연구된 Si위의 흡착원자들의 확산 메커니즘들에 비해 Ge 표면에서의 확산 메커니즘은 잘 알려져 있지 않다. 최근 연구에 따르면, 수소가 덮인 Ge(110) 표면에서 그래핀 결정 핵생성은 비등방적이며, 낟알 둘레없이 웨이퍼 크기로 성장시킬 수 있음을 보였다. 본 연구에서는 VASP(Vienna Ab-initio Simulation Package)의 NEB(Nudged Elastic Band) 방법을 이용하여 수소가 덮인 Ge(110) 표면과 청결한 표면에서 탄소원자의 확산 과정과 확산에 따른 에너지 장벽을 계산 하였다. 계산 결과 수소가 덮인 표면에서의 탄소원자 확산은 체인 방향으로 각각 3.29 eV, 2.67 eV의 에너지 장벽을 가지고 청결한 표면에서는 탄소원자가 게르마늄 연결을 치환하며 확산한다. 이때 에너지 장벽은 0.82 eV이고 치환된 게르마늄이 확산할 때는 각각 0.64 eV, 0.59 eV의 에너지 장벽을 넘어야 한다. 결과적으로 수소가 덮인 표면에서보다 청결한 표면에서 탄소 확산 에너지 장벽이 낮으며, 청결한 표면에서는 탄소가 게르마늄을 치환하고 치환된 게르마늄이 확산할 확률이 높음을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.44-48
• /
• 1970

무의식환자와 수술후환자의 구강청결방법으로 Milk of Magnesia를 사용하였을 때의 효과여부와 수술 환자에게 Milk of Magnesia와 함께 Chewing Gum을 사용했을 때의 효과여부를 측정하기 위하여 인디아나대학 Medical Center에 입원한 무의식환자 2명과 수술 후 마취에서 깨어난 환자 4명을 대상으로 하여 7-8시간 간격으로 2일간 구강청결을 실시했다. 본 연구는 1969년 가을학기에 시행했으며 분석방법으로는 표본 크기가 적은 경우에도 사용할 수 있는 방법의 T-test를 사용했으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 무의식환자에서 Milk of Magnesia로 구강청결을 시행했을 때의 구강상태는 시행전보다 유의적으로 호전되지 못했다(p>0.1). 2. 수술 후 환자에서 Milk of Magnesia로 구강청결을 시행했을 때의 구강상태는 시행전보다 유의적으로 호전되었다(p>0.05). 3. 수술 후 환자에서 Milk of Magnesia와 Chewing Gum을 동반하여 사용했을 때의 구강상태는 유의적으로 호전되었다(p<0.05).