• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.60 no.1
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• pp.49-54
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• 2017

In the course of screening tyrosinase inhibitory activity, EtOAc-soluble fraction of Coix lachryma-jobi var. mayuen Stapf. (Gramineae) roots showed significant inhibition. Further fractionation of the EtOAc-soluble fraction resulted in six compounds, which were identified as (+)-icariol $A_2$ (1), zhepiresionol (2), 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (3), trans-${\rho}$-coumaric acid (4), N-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-hydroxyacetamide (5), and coixol (6). The chemical structures of these compounds were identified on the basis of spectroscopic methods (MS, 1D and 2D NMR) and comparison with literature values. Compound 1 was first reported from this plant. Also, this is the first time that the isolation of compound 5 has been reported from nature source. Among the isolated compounds, compounds 4 and 6 showed enzyme inhibitory activity, with $IC_{50}$ values of 6.5 and $62.4{\mu}M$, respectively, in comparison with these of positive control, arbutin.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.43 no.7
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• pp.972-979
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• 2014

This study was conducted to investigate the physiological characteristics of water and ethanol extracts from leaves and stems of Achyranthes japonica. The highest contents of total polyphenol and flavonoid compounds were 58.27 and 42.22 mg/g in water extract from leaves, respectively. The protein content was the highest at 16.42 mg/g in water extract from leaves. Ethanol extract from stems showed the highest content of reducing sugars at 11.35 mg/g. In the measurement of electron donating ability (EDA), ethanol extract from stems showed the highest EDA at 93.41% at a concentration of 1.0 mg/mL. Superoxide dismutase-like activity of ethanol extract from leaves was the highest at 8.13% at a concentration of 1.0 mg/mL. In the analysis of nitrate scavenging activity, water extract from leaves showed the highest activity at 94.90% at pH 1.2, and the activity increased as concentration increased and pH decreased. In the measurement of xanthine oxidase inhibition, ethanol extract from stems showed the highest inhibitory activity at 66.67% at a concentration of 1.0 mg/mL. Especially, nitrate scavenging activities of water extract from leaves were the highest under all pH conditions. These results verify that extracts from leaves of A. japonica have strong antioxidant activity and can be used as an effective antioxidant source for nutraceutical foods, medicines, and cosmetic stuffs.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.30 no.4 s.48
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• pp.445-448
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• 2004

Aging is divided into intrinsic aging and photo-aging. Intrinsic aging is naturally occurred as the time passed and photo-aging is induced by the UV radiation of skin. The main reason of aging is the free radicals and the degeneration of the cellular materials by free radicals. In this paper, we checked the anti-aging effects of Mallotus japonicus bark extracts. It has the ability to scavenge free radicals and the SOD like activity. Also, it reduced the cell damage by hydrogen peroxide treatment. Mallotus japonicus bark extracts showed the excellent activity on inhibiting the UV induced cell damage and DNA damage. In conclusion, Mallotus japonicus bark extracts can be used as active ingredients for anti-aging cosmetics.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.56-61
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• 2007

This study was carried out to determine the antioxidant activity and vitamin C contents in plant extracts of the Momordica charantia L. The vitamin C was detected as the highest content in immature fruit (92.2 mg/100 g), while the content in stem (2.5 mg/100 g) was lower 40 times than that of immature fruit. Antioxidant activity for the dried sample was investigated by TBA method. The lowest TBARS values were obtained from extracts of dried leaf and followed by ascorbic acid and BHT, showing that the extracts from dried leaf possess the strongest antioxidant activity. Compared with fresh tissues, SOD activity, ATX activity and CAT activity were high level in the dried tissue. These results suggest that the Momordica charantia L. would be a promising antioxidant source as an alternative antioxidant, based on natural plant resources.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Postharvest Science and Technology of Agricultural Products Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.190-191
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• 2003

식품조리 및 가공은 만들어진 제품의 저장성을 전제로 해야 하기 때문에 식품의 변화 혹은 변질에 깊은 이해를 바탕으로 모든 처리와 가공 방법이 검토되어야 한다. 식품의 변질이나 부패는 미생물 작용에 의한 변질이 그대부분을 차지하고 있으며 미생물학적 변질을 방지하기 위해서 화학적 합성보존 제가 상업적으로 사용되고 있으나 최근 소비자의 건강 지향적 욕구가 증대됨에 따라 인공합성품의 기피현상이 두드러지고 있다. 따라서 천연 항균물질의 개발과 이용은 인공 합성보존제의 대처라는 의미와 소비자기피현상을 유발시키지 않으면서 각종 가공식품의 저장성 향상 및 저온 유통식품의 안정성확보라는 견지에서 그 중요성이 있다. 본 실험에서는 식품의 미생물작용에 의한 변질의 저해 효과가 뛰어난 식물성천연항균제품(Botanical antimicrobial agents-Citrus product : 이하 BAAC라 칭함)에 천연보조제(Ginseng extract, Aloe, 매실추출물)를 첨가하여 Paper disk법에 의한 항균성 검사를 실시한 결과 Ginseng extract를 첨가한 경우 생육저해환이 가장 크고 뚜렷하게 나타났다. 따라서 BAAC에 보조제 (Ginseng extract)를 첨가하여 제조 된 천연 항균복합제재(이하 BAAG라 칭함)를 가공 반찬류인 마늘종 무침과 돈육장조림에 첨가하여 처리한 후 꺼내어 상온에서 저장하면서 주사전자현미경 관찰, 대장균수, 총균수의 변화, 외관상의 변화에 미치는 영향을 무처리 대조구와 비교하면서 조사하였다. 주사전자현미경 촬영사진의 결과 분석을 통하여 BAAG를 처리한 균체 세포는 세포막 및 세포벽 기능이 파괴되어 세포내용물이 균체외부로 유출되어 균체의 생육이 억제되며 성장을 저해 또는 사멸시키는 것으로 나타났다. 대장균수는 모든 처리구에서 BAAG의 첨가에 의해 성장이 억제되었으며 농도가 증가시킬수록 균증식 억제 효과가 뚜렷하였으며, 총균수도 압도적으로 낮은 값을 보여주었다. 외관상의 변화와 상품 가치를 측정한 결과는 무늘 종 무침과 돈육장조림의 대조구에서는 4일 경과후 강한 부패취와 아울러, 표피의 갈변정도가 심하되어 관능적으로 부패상태를 인지할 수 있었으며 7일경과 후부터 점질성 갈변물질이 생성되어 상품가치가 크게 떨어진 상태였다. 이와 같은 결과로 볼 때, BAAG의 처리는 BAAC의 경우보다 가격은 저렴하면서도 항균력은 우수한 천연 항균복합제재로써 가공 반찬류의 저장성을 최대한 연장 할 수 있음을 확인 하였고, 반찬류뿐만 아니라 여러 식품군에 다양하게 적용가능 할 것으로 기대된다.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.263-270
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• 2020

In this study, we evaluated the effect of the extracts from Lonicera caerulea leaves (LCLE), branches (LCBE) and fruits (LCFE) on the cell growth and migration in human colorectal cancer cells, HCT116 and SW480 cells. LCLE and LCBE dose- and time-dependently inhibited the proliferation of HCT116 and SW480 cells. However, LCFE did not affect the proliferation of HCT116 and SW480 cells. In addition, LCLE and LCBE dramatically cell migration and wound healing in HCT116 cells. LCLE and LCBE decreased β-catenin protein level but not mRNA level in HCT116 and SW480 cells. Furthermore, LCLE decreased TCF4 level in both protein and mRNA level in HCT116 and SW480 cells. However, LCBE decreased TCF4 protein level but not mRNA level in HCT116 and SW480 cells. Based on these findings, LCLE and LCBE may inhibit the cell proliferation and migration through blocking Wnt signaling activation in human colorectal cancer cells. Therefore, LCLE and LCBE may be a potential candidate for the development of chemopreventive or therapeutic agents for human colorectal cancer.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.338-345
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• 2019

The selection of a suitable solvent is very important when preparing an extract. However, the effect of ethanol solvent concentration in the extraction of sweet wormwood tea has not been reported. Thus, extracts were prepared from sweet wormwood tea using water and various ethanol concentrations, and the phenolic compounds, antioxidants and anti-enzyme activities of the extracts were analyzed. The phenolic acid and flavonoid components differed according to extraction solvent, which also resulted in different antioxidant and antienzyme activities. In particular, flavonoid rhamnetin was not extracted using 80% and 99.5% ethanol and was highest when 60% ethanol was used for extraction. In the case of chlorogenic acid, the highest extraction efficiency was obtained with 80% ethanol. These results suggest the need for research to increase specific extraction efficiency by targeting major compounds that affect physiological activity.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.145-149
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• 2022

Airborne fine dust (FD) particles smaller than 10 ㎛ in diameter (PM10) are one of the major causes of air pollution in East Asia, including Korea, and have become a major contributor to respiratory and skin problems. FD inordinately promotes the production of reactive oxygen species and inflammatory response in macrophages, leading to cell damage and death. Rosa rugosa, a deciduous shrub of the Rosa genus, has been used in traditional East Asian herbal medicine to treat various illnesses. The present study investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of R. rugosa organ extracts on PM10-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. Compared to non-treated RAW264.7 cells, treatment with 100 ㎍.ml^-1 PM10 resulted in increased nitric oxide (NO) production, similar to lipopolysaccharide treatment. Additionally, 100 ㎍/ml stem extract reduced NO production by more than 45% compared to mock treatment. Furthermore, PM10-induced expression of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, inducible NO synthase, and cyclooxygenase-2 was significantly reduced by stem extract treatment, indicating that the anti-inflammatory effect of the stem extract is mediated by the inhibition of pro-inflammatory mediators in PM10-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. These results indicate that the R. rugosa stem could be considered a natural remedy with a protective effect against inflammatory responses induced by harmful airborne dust.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.29 no.9
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• pp.1023-1026
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the estrogen-like activities of eight oriental medicines, including red ginseng, fenugreek, and dandelion. Hot water and ethanol extracts were prepared from Cervus nippon temminck (Nokgaksang), Cynanchum wilfordii (Baeksuo), Lespedeza cuneata (Yagwanmun), Panax ginseng (red ginseng), Smilax china (Toryeong), Taraxacum platycarpum (Mindeulre, dandelion), Tribulus terresteis (Namgase), and Trigonella foenum-graecum (Horopa, fenugreek). Then, estrogen-like activities were verified by the in vitro transcriptional activity assay. The extracts showing estrogen-like activities were red ginseng, Baeksuo, fenugreek, Yagwanmun, and dandelion in the ethanol extracts, and red ginseng, fenugreek, and Baeksuo in the hydrothermal extracts. Red ginseng extract showed a higher activity than the standard $10^{-8}M$ $17{\beta}$-estradiol in both the hydrothermal and ethanol extract at $500{\mu}g/ml$, while the $50{\mu}g/ml$ of the red ginseng ethanol extract and the $500{\mu}g/ml$ of the Baeksuo hydrothermal extract showed estradiol activities between $10^{-9}$ and $10^{-8}M$ $17{\beta}$-estradiol. This shows that it would be possible to contribute to the development of functional materials using red ginseng, Baeksuo, fenugreek, and dandelion.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.168-174
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• 2011

In order to develop safe and economic novel antifungal agents, we prepared 73 methanol extracts from medicinal and edible herbs and examined their 365 solvent fractions using n-hexane, methylene chloride, ethylacetate, butanol and water residue based on the sequential organic solvent fraction method. When using the various fractions in the screening step for antifungal activity, we discovered ethylacetate fraction of Morus alba L., methylene chloride fraction of Pimpinella brachycarpa (MCPB), and n-hexane fraction of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, which all have activities in methanol extracts, as potential sources of antifungal agents. Amongst these, the antifungal activity of P. brachycarpa has not to date been reported on. In addition, the mycelial growth inhibition and spore germination inhibition activities of MCPB against A. niger were confirmed by disc-diffusion assay in a 10 day culture. The MIC and MFC of MCPB were determined as 0.25 and 0.5 mg/ml, respectively. The MCPB has no hemolytic activity against human RBC at 0.5 mg/ml and glycoside-flavonoids are theorized to be active constituents. These results suggest that MCPB has a prominent antifungal activity and that the application of sequential organic solvent fractions, instead of simple natural product extracts, is useful in the screening process of novel bioactive substances.