• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.285-296
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• 2018

Among many hacking attempts carried out in the past few years, the cyber-attacks that could have caused a national-level disaster were the attacks against nuclear facilities including nuclear power plants. The most typical one was the Stuxnet attack against Iranian nuclear facility and the cyber threat targeting one of the facilities operated by Korea Hydro and Nuclear Power Co., Ltd (Republic of Korea; ROK). Although the latter was just a threat, it made many Korean people anxious while the former showed that the operation of nuclear plant can be actually stopped by direct cyber-attacks. After these incidents, the possibility of cyber-attacks against industrial control systems has become a reality and the security for these systems has been tightened based on the idea that the operations by network-isolated systems are no longer safe from the cyber terrorism. The ROK government has established a realistic control systems defense concept and in the US, the relevant authorities have set up several security frameworks to prepare for the threats. This paper presented various cyber security attack cases and their scenarios against control systems, along with the analysis of countermeasures for them. Though this task, we attempt to identify the items that need to be considered when designing a domestic security framework to improve security and secure stability.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.83-93
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• 2011

Since urban facilities have a signigicant meaning that represents the degree of development of nations and cities, it is very important to effectively manage and operate the facilities. In this paper, we propose a context-awareness system for managing urban underground facilities intelligently and develop its algorithm and prototype. The algorithm of the suggested system includes the period from the point when various sensors set up in USN environments sense abnormal signals and make alarms to the point when the context-awareness system analyzes the alarm and sends the analysis results to integrated platform and related modules. We then implement the prototype of the proposed context awareness system and verify the effectiveness of the system by performing unit tests. Our developed prototype will become the basis of actual system development. We expect that the suggested system will be used as a good reference model of related systems managing various types of urban facilities.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.13-20
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• 2011

The main objective of this paper is finding the influence factors and their degree of importance to steel liner's safety by investigating and evaluating the buckling incidents of steel tunnel liner under external water pressure. The study was based on the detailed investigation to the design conditions and incident shapes at 2m diameter waterway tunnel with a partially buckled internal steel liner and concrete backfilled lining as the raw water transmission pipe line of regional water supply project. Appropriate buckling theory capable of applying this incident points was selected by referring the existing literature and compared with the results of investigation. Also, hydrogeological characteristics of this site on buckling pressure was evaluated. The result of this study was shown that both the hydrogeological characteristics of upper geologic layers and proper tunnel construction are important factors on buckling at steel liner, and hydraulic gradient level should be decided according to the hydrogeological characteristics. This incident case analysis on steel liner of pressurized waterway tunnel was expected to provide more information for realizing the problems and improvements at each design, construction and maintenance stages.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.259-260
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• 2017

본 연구는 건설 구조물의 정밀한 미세 변위 모니터링 관리시스템 개발을 위한 공간적으로 참조 가능한 모든 형태의 측위정보를 효과적으로 수집, 저장, 갱신, 조정, 분석, 표현할 수 있도록 새로운 GNSS과 원격탐사측량 등의 신기술을 적용하여 건설 구조물의 주요부 위에 대한 mm급의 다양한 측위분석이 가능한 사용자 요구에 즉시 부응할 수 있는 검색 시스템을 개발하기 위한 신기술을 연구하였다. 이를 통하여 건설구조물의 설계 및 시공 도면과 정밀한 공간정보를 유기적으로 결합할 수 있도록 하여 반영구적인 주요 시설물의 정밀한 미세변위의 변형을 추적하여 방재관리에 효율적으로 신기술이 체계적으로 사용되도록 할 것이다. 특히, 최근에 많은 관심을 가지고 있는 USN/UAV의 환경센서기반의 무인의 간이사진측량시스템을 활용하여 건설구조물를 대상으로 하는 실제 측정을 통하여 지형공간정보와 시설물의 위치정보를 지도로 제작하고 이를 기반으로 하는 다양한 방재의 신기술을 비교분석하여 최적의 건설방재기술을 검토하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.68-68
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• 2004

기계기술의 지속적인 발달과 신기술의 개발로 인해 산업전반의 기반 기술인 기계 장치산업은 점점 복잡해지고 또한 다양화되면서 장치시설을 건전하고 신뢰성 있게 유지하고 관리하는 문제가 중요하게 대두되고 있다. 이중 가스 및 오일을 운송하는 배관은 대부분 지하에 매설되어 있고, 다양한 환경에 위치하여 있는데, 이러한 배관은 설치한지 오래되면 여러 가지 환경적 영향에 의해 부식과 같은 결함이 발생되고(Fig. 1과 Fig 2 참조) 이러한 결함이 성장하여 임계크기에 도달하여 대형 재난으로 발전하는 사고가 종종 보고 되고 있으며 이로 인한 경제적, 사회적 손실이 지대하기 때문에 매우 중요하게 인식되고 있다.(중략)

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Energy Engineering kosee Conference
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• 1994.11a
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• pp.37-42
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• 1994

소각로, 각종 산업시설 및 IGCC, PBFC등의 고온 고압 발전에서 배출되는 고온연소가스 중에 포함된 먼지를 제거할 목적으로 세라믹 고온가스 필터가 전세계적으로 개발중에 있다. (1,2) 성능이 우수한 세라믹 가스여과체의 필수조건으로써 \circled1높은 포집효율, 낮은 통기성, \circled2높은 기계적 강도 및 내부식성 등을 들 수 있다. 현재 국내.외에서 상용화되거나, 연구, 개발중인 세라믹 가스필터 재료의 조성으로써, \circled1단일 산화물계, \circled2산화물-산화물 복합계, \circled3산화물-비산화물계, \circled4비산화물계 등으로 분류할수 있다. (표1 참조)

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2019.10a
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• pp.397-400
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• 2019

주요기반시설 산업제어시스템의 운영환경 변화에 따라 보안 위협의 양상이 다양해지고 있다. 따라서 이를 반영한 보안 관리체계가 새로이 요구된다. 이에 본 논문은 미국 과 을 참조한 산업제어시스템의 정보보안 관리체계 프로그램을 제안한다. 프로그램의 기능은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 산업제어시스템 자산 관리 기능, 둘째, 보안상태 평가 기능, 셋째, 보안조치 관리 기능이다. 해당 프로그램을 통해 국내 산업제어시스템의 보안 수준 향상을 기대한다.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 2012

BACKGROUND: A preliminary investigation of the radon ($^{222}Rn$) concentration has been conducted, employing solid-state nuclear-track detectors (SSNTD) and a continuous radon monitor (CRM), for fourteen randomly selected agricultural greenhouses in Jeju Island, where the underground-air was used for air conditioning and $CO_2$ supplement. METHODS AND RESULTS: The SSNTD was used to measure the average radon concentration for three months and the CRM was used for an instantaneous measurement. In order to obtain the radon concentration of a greenhouse, the SSNTDs were placed at a number of evenly distributed points inside the greenhouse and the mean of the measured values was taken. In addition, in order to assess the radon concentration of the underground-air itself, measurement was also made at the borehole of the underground-air in each agricultural facility, employing both the SSNTD and CRM. It is found that the radon concentration of the greenhouses ranges higher than those not using the underground-air and the average of Korean dwellings. While the radon concentration of most agricultural facilities is still lower than the reference level (1,000 Bq/$m^3$) recommended by the International Radiation Protection Committee (ICRP), three facilities at one site show higher concentrations than the reference level. The three-month-averaged radon concentration and the instantaneous radon concentration of the underground-air itself ranges 1,228- 5,259 and 3,322-17,900 Bq/$m^3$, respectively, and regional variation is more significant. CONCLUSION: From this results, radon concentration of the underground-air is assumed that it is associated with the geological characteristics and the boring depth of the region located of their.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.113-122
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• 2017

The district heating system, which is the main axis of Korea's collective energy business, contributes to the national benefit and safety with the economical heat energy supply system.However, due to the uncertainty of management subjects and the shortage of professional technical personnel, there are many problems such as deterioration of thermal efficiency and unfairness of the price of the apartment houses. In this paper, we propose the monitoring points necessary for the efficiency and fault management of the district heating customer-side. And we propose a standard reference model to standardize it. We propose a technical methodology to improve the service quality and energy efficiency of the district heating facilities by applying IoT sensor technology, real-time monitoring and integrated management system.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.533-542
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• 2020

This study proposes the logical data model design of a spatial data model that complies with international standards for the waterworks of underground facilities. We conduct a preliminary study related to underground spatial data standards and data models, and review the status of the existing systems. Then, we defined the conceptual design direction of underground spatial data model based on the problems and issues. Next, we defined the terminology, classification, semantic relationships of waterworks. Next, for the conceptual design of the underground spatial data model, we defined the naming criteria for all data according to the waterworks classification. In addition, a logical model is drawn and described using UML (Unified Modeling Language) diagrams. Based on the results, it is expected that the accuracy related to underground facilities data will be improved.