• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.236-241
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• 2012

The characteristics of chlorpyrifos was studied to clarify the effect of the cultivation season, spray intervals, spray volume and concentration on residues in chilli and sweet peppers cultivated under greenhouse condition. Residue levels of chlorpyrifos detected in chilli pepper fruit cultivated were 1.5 to 2.7 times higher in winter(February-March) than those in summer(June-July). During winter season residue levels of chlorpyrifos in chilli peppers were 6.9~3.2 times higher than those in sweet peppers for 10 days after 3 times application with 7 days interval. Residue levels in chilli pepper were from 2.070 mg/kg at 1 day to 0.929 mg/kg at 10 day, while those in sweet pepper were from 0.302 mg/kg to 0.291 mg/kg. Residue levels in sweet pepper to which are 3 times applied with 7 days interval were from 0.302 mg/kg at 1 day to 0.291 mg/kg at 7 day, and the residue levels in sweet pepper which are 3 times applied with 3 days interval were from 0.498 mg/kg at 1 day to 0.470 mg/kg at 7 day. Residue levels of chlorpyrifos in the sweet peppers applied by double concentration were 2.5 times higher than those sprayed by normal standard amounts diluted in double volume.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2011

An experiment was conducted to test different heights of drainage level sensors in an irrigation management system for perlite bag culture of cucumber and paprika. The sensors were placed at 4, 8, 12, and 16 mm from the bottom of the container. Both cucumber and paprika did not show any significant difference in growth and yield among the treatments. However, placing the sensor at 4 mm seemed to be the best in order to prevent over-supply of water at the beginning of the day.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.257-265
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• 2011

To investigate host preferencse of Myzus persicae on 15 sweet pepper cultivars grown in Jeonnam Province, EPG (electrical penetration graph) and life table experiments were carried out in the laboratory. Phloem phase times were significantly longer on Ferrari, Jinju, Debla, and Rapido than Orobell and Thialf. Non-penetration times were conversely observed. Life span, reproduction period, total fecundity, and intrinsic rate of increase ($r_m$) of M. persicae, were higher on Ferrari, Debla, Orange glory, and Jinju than on Purple, GreenAce, Orobell, and Thialf. On the bases of these results, we conclude that M. persicae preferred Ferrari, Jinju, Orange glory, and Debla among the 15 tested sweet pepper varieties. However, we could not show the preference of the aphid for Purple, Orobell, and Thialf.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.21-22
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• 2002

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.112-116
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• 2004

Two experiments were carried out in greenhouse under hydrophilic culture facilities and simulation model to provide residual characteristics of ethoprophos treated in sweet pepper's growth. To identify the pattern of absorption-translocation through the plant roots, ethoph 5 % GR were diluted in hydrophilic culture solution and drenched at a time per day for three days. The residue in fruit came closed to 0.02 ppm of MRL at 10 days after treatment(DAT) and reached peaked 0.06 ppm at 30 DAT and remained excess MRL level until around 40 DAT. To confirm the pattern of contamination by volatilization of ethoprophos, ethoph 5%GR was scattered 2 g per cubic meter. At 72 hours after treatment, the residue in sweet pepper fruit was exceed the MRL and the maximum residual amount were 0.62 ppm by volatilization. Consequently the use of ethoprophos during the growth of sweet pepper would be strong possibility to exceed the MRL.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.102-106
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• 2004

Objective of this research was to investigate the effect of fertigation setting point such as -5, -10, -20, and -30 ㎪ on the growth and fruit quality of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) in greenhouse culture. The net $CO_2$ assimilation and transpiration rate were the lowest in the treatment of -30㎪. The pH and EC in soil solution were not severly affected by irrigation setting point and no statistical differences were observed among treatments of irrigation setting point tested. The N content of above ground plant tissue was the lowest in the treatment of -30 ㎪ and those of K, Ca, and Mg were the highest in the treatment of -10 ㎪. But that of P did not show statistical differences among treatments tested. As the fertigation setting point was getting low, the growth decreased at 60th day after planting, while there were no differences among treatments at 210th day after planting. The fruit quality except sugar contents did not show differences among treatments, but sugar contents was the highest in the treatment of -30 ㎪ with $8.0^{\circ}$Brix. Above results indicated that fertigation setting point should be in the range from -10 ㎪ to -20 ㎪ to ensure good crop growth and fruit quality in sweet pepper production.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.33-38
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• 2004

This experiment was conducted to screen the suitable rootstocks for the soil cultivation of paprika (Capsicum annuum L.) in highland. Sixteen kinds of rootstocks were grafted to the red colored 'Spirit' scion for the resistances to diseases like fruit lot (Phytophthora capsici) and bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum). Four varieties among the rootstocks, 'Tantandaemok', 'Skurt-S', 'AC 2258', and 'PST 8301' were selected for the high resistance to fruit rot of paprika. However non-grafted control plants were totally dead at five days after inoculation. Furthermore, seven varieties including 'Yeokgang', ;Tantandaemok', 'TE412', 'MC 4', 'PST VK', and 'PST NV' were selected for the high resistance to bacterial wilt. The grafting with pest resistant rootstocks could enhance the rhizophere environment through root fresh weight increase. High yielding rootstocks for paprica 'Spirit' were PST 8301, MC 4, and Wanggeun.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.145-154
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• 2013

Flonicamid was a water-soluble and systemic insecticide. It was applied to control neonicotinod pesticide-resistant cotton aphid in sweet peppers. However, the residue levels of total flonicamid in sweet pepper exported to Japan in 2009 were exceeded the maximum residue limit (MRL). This study was conducted to elucidate residual properties of flonicamid parent compound and its metabolites in sweet peppers. It was carried out to compare the variation of residues in sweet pepper in three different greenhouses for 21 days after 3 times application with 7 days interval. The mean residues were 0.176, 0.152 and 0.108 mg $kg^{-1}$ and the residue levels in sweet pepper among three greenhouses show significant difference. The maximum residue levels were detected 10 days later after last treatments. The overall residue levels were lower than MRL 2.0 mg $kg^{-1}$ (by Korea) and 0.4 mg $kg^{-1}$ (by Japan in 2009 but now revised MRL is 2.0 mg $kg^{-1}$). But the residue level of total flonicamid at the 21th day after 3 times treatment with 7 days interval was 0.429 mg $kg^{-1}$ restricted by the application of double rate than recommended rate. The amounts of metabolites, TFNA, 4-Trifluoro methyl nicotinic acid and TFNG, N-(4-trifluoro methyl nicotinoyl) glycine were increased while flonicamid parent compound was decreased over time. Therefore the longer trial period should be needed for flonicamid in sweet peppers.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.680-685
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• 2012

The objective of the experiment was to investigate the effect of two growing areas in the greenhouse on the plant growth characteristics, physiological responses and yield attributes of the 'Cupra' sweet pepper. Two growing areas of the greenhouse were as follows, central part area (CA) and north part area (NA). Daily average temperature of the CA was $1.6^{\circ}C$ higher than those of NA. Plant height, number of internode, and SPAD value in the CA were significantly higher than NA both six weeks and twelve weeks after planting. Net photosynthesis of the sweet pepper leaves of the CA was significantly higher than those of NA. The total fruit yield of the sweet pepper was 20% higher in plants grown for CA than that of NA. These results suggest that air temperature in the greenhouse influenced plant growth characteristics, net photosynthesis and total yield of sweet pepper whether pepper plants were grown as CA or as NA.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.228-235
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• 2014

The residue levels of flonicamid and its metabolites, 4-(trifluoromethyl)nicotinic acid (TFNA) and N-4-(trifluoromethyl)nicotinoyl glycine (TFNG) in sweer pepper were investigated to examine the residual characteristics of analytes for 87 days after pesticide application. The pesticide was applied once at recommended dosage and double dosage by foliar sprays and the samples of fruits and leaves of sweet pepper were collected for each treatment. The residues of flonicamid in all of fruits and leaves decreased gradually over time, while the residue levels of TFNG metabolite exhibited tendency that increased for long periods and thereafter decreased. Total flonicamid residual concentrations containing metabolites residues in fruit samples increased consistently until 30 days post-application and higher residue levels than residues at 1 day post-application were detected from 30 day to 87 day after treatment. The residue pattern observed in fruit could be explained by the movement of TFNG from leaves to fruits of plant. Such residual characteristic was similarly found in samples treated both recommended dosage and double dosage.