• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• 1995.06a
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• pp.155-158
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• 1995

150~7,000Hzd의 확대역 전화를 위한 전화 전송특성 설계지침으로 활용하기 위해, 확대역과 300~3400Hz 의 협대역 전화에 대한 통화품질 평가결과를 비교/분석하였다. 토화품질 평가는, 조정법에 의한 선호 라우드니스 레벨고 ㅏ동가 라우드니스 레벨 조정실험, 그리고 단음절 명료도평가로 구성되었다. 선호 라우드니스 레벨 조정실험의 결과, 협대역과 확대역 음성에 대한 피험자의 선호레벨이 각각 70.7dB 및 68.6dB로 약 2dB의 차이를, 피험자간 분산은 2.12와 6.11로 의미있는 차이를 보였는데, 이것은 음성대역의 확장에 따라 사용자들의분산이 크기 때문에 확대역 전화에서 수화음량 조절기능이 필요함을 증명한 결과이다. 그리고, 협/확대역 조건에서의 100개 단음절에 대한 명료도 실험 결과에서, 전체 명료도 점수간에는 통계적으로 의미있는 차이를 보이지 않았지만 단음절중 3,400Hz이상에서 많은 에너지를 갖는, 파열음 'ㅌ', 파찰음 'ㅈ', 'ㅉ', 'ㅊ', 그리고 마찰음 'ㅅ', 'ㅆ' 으로 시작하는 20개 단음절에 대한 부분명료도에 있어서 협대역과 확대역 조건간에 20%의 명료도 차이를 나타내었다. 또한, 비교 라우드니스 레벨 조정실험의 결과, 협대역과 확대역 사이의 평균 라우드니스 레벨 차이가 약 3.4dB (A)로 나타났는데, 이 결과는 국내 확대역 전화의 수화음량적격 설정에 지침으로 활용할 것이다.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.41-53
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• 2020

A wh-phrase in an embedded sentence may have either an embedded or a matrix scope. Interpretation of a wh-phrase with a matrix scope has tended to be syntactically unacceptable unless the sentence reads with a wh-intonation. Previous studies have found two differences in prosodic characteristics between sentences with matrix and embedded scopes. Firstly, peak F0s in wh-phrases produced with an F0 compression wh-intonation are higher than those in indirect questions, and peak F0s in matrix verbs are lower than those in sentences with embedded scope. Secondly, a substantial F0 drop is found at the end of embedded sentences in indirect questions, whereas no F0 reduction at the same point is noticed in sentences with a matrix scope produced with a high plateau wh-intonation. However, these characteristics were not found in our experiment. This showed that a more compelling difference exists in the values obtained from subtraction between the peak F0s of each word (or a word plus an ending or case marker) and the F0s at the end of the word. Specifically, the gap between the peak F0 in a word composed with an embedded verb and the F0 at the end of the word, which is a complementizer in Korean, is large in embedded wh-scope sentences and low in matrix wh-scope sentences.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2019.11a
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• pp.153-154
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 일본 기상청(JMA)에서 제공하는 JMA-MSM (Meso-Scale Model) 바람장을 SWAN 모델에 입력자료로 적용하여 파랑전파를 모의하였다. 영역은 심해역·중간역·연안역으로 설정하였다. 산출된 모델링의 결과는 관측자료와 비교·검증하여 모델 구축에 대한 신뢰성을 확보하였다. 그리고 연안역에서 SWAN모델의 파랑스펙트럼정보를 입력조건으로 하는 SWASH모델의 영역을 구축하여 두 모델간 파랑전파양상을 비교하였다. SWAN(phase-averaged) 모델과 SWASH(phase-resolving) 모델은 지배방정식의 차이에 따라 파랑의 위상처리 방식 등의 차이가 있다. 이로 인한 연안역에서의 파랑전파양상의 차이를 비교하였다.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.383-391
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• 2011

This paper presents a modified entropy-based test of fit for the inverse Gaussian distribution. The test is based on the entropy difference of the unknown data-generating distribution and the inverse Gaussian distribution. The entropy difference estimator used as the test statistic is obtained by employing Vasicek's sample entropy as an entropy estimator for the data-generating distribution and the uniformly minimum variance unbiased estimator as an entropy estimator for the inverse Gaussian distribution. The critical values of the test statistic empirically determined are provided in a tabular form. Monte Carlo simulations are performed to compare the proposed test with the previous entropy-based test in terms of power.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.429-430
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• 2016

본 연구는 핵심기본간호술을 중심으로 간호학생이 학년별에 따라 학습경험, 중요도 인식, 수행자신감 학습 자기효능감에 어떤 차이가 있는지를 파악하기 위해 실시한 서술적 조사연구이다. 연구대상자는 D지역 소재 일개대학 간호학과 재학중인 231명이었으며, 자료 수집은 2015년 5월에서 6월 까지 실시하였다. 자료 분석은 SPSS 21.0 Program을 이용하여 t-test로 분석하였다. 연구결과는 대상자의 학습경험은 학년간의 유의한 차이가 있었다(t=5.009, p<.001). 핵심기본간호술 난이도에 따른 학년별 학습경험의 차이검정을 살펴보면 핵심술 상영역, 핵심술 중영역, 핵심술 하영역에서 모두 학년간에 유의한 차이가 있었다. 중요성인식은 학년간에 유의한 차이는 없었다(t=.288, p>.773). 핵심기본간호술 난이도에 따른 학년별 차이는 핵심술 상영역과 핵심술 하영역은 학년간에 유의한 차이가 있었다. 그러나 핵심술 중영역은 학년간의 유의한 차이가 없었다. 수행자신감은 학년간에 유의한 차이가 있었다(t=7.845, p<.001). 핵심기본간호술 난이도에 따른 학년별 수행자신감의 차이를 살펴보면 핵심술 상영역, 핵심술 중영역, 핵심술 하영역모두에서 학년간에 유의한 차이가 있었다. 학습 자기효능감은 학년간에 유의한 차이가 있었다(t=2.370, p<.019). 따라서 본 연구결과를 토대로 각 학년별 효율적인 실습운영 방안을 모색할 필요가 있으며, 아울러 학습경험을 높이고 중요성인식에 따른 학습경험을 높이고 수행자신감과 학습 자기효능감을 증진시킬 수 있는 교과과정 모색이 절실히 필요하다.

• Journal of the Korean Geophysical Society
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.87-97
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• 2002

P wave travel-time delays have been analyzed and average travel-time anomalies due to lateral variation of the crustal structure have been calculated at the broad-band earthquake observatories of Korea Meteorology Administration (KMA) using the teleseismic deata collected during the period from 2000 to 2001. Maximum variation in the relative travel-time residuals is almost 1.5 seconds Azimuthal variation in the travel-time residuals is observed to indicate the existence of lateral P velocity heterogeneity beneath the stations with velocity contrasts of -4~4%. The estimated average travel-time delays are ranging from 0.05 to 0.3 seconds at the stations including Seoul, Chuncheon, Kanneung, Uljin, and Ulleung Island showing slow velocity contrasts of 0~4% P through the crust. Faster velocity contrasts of 0~4% have been observed at the stations including Seosan, Taejeon, Daegu, Seoguipo, and Busan showing average travel-time delays ranging from -0.05 to -0.3 seconds.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.31 no.1D
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• pp.133-139
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• 2011

We built subway stops in order to meet demand. To do so, a standardized method is used to predict the demand. However, in some subway stops there are only few people moving around sparsely, but in some other stops there are too many people crammed in a crowd. The gap between forecasting and actual uses varies from 10% to more than 1,000%. This study is aimed to find out where this discrepancy between predicted vs. actual demand for urban rail transit comes from. Specifically, 40 subway stops in Seoul Metropolitan Area, which were opened last 10 years, are examined. This study suggests that, for better forecasting, we need to consider stops' locational characteristics as well as weekday commute-oriented exogenous factors. Locational characteristics includes; whether a stops is a terminal and/or weekend tourism node. There seems no "one size fits all" solution for transit demand forecasting; locational characteristics need to be reflected.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.749-759
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• 1998

Distribution of zooplankton abundance was studied in the front zone in the East Sea in November, 1996, Averaged total abundance in the front zone was less than that in the nearby cold surface water areas but more than that in the nearby warm surface water areas. The number of taxa was the greatest in the upper layer of mixing. Abundance and the number of tun in the front zone were contributed by the cold water and the warm water, respectively. Inspite of the differences in sampling time (day vs night), the species composition and abundance distribution were similar at two sites within cold or warm water area, However, they were quite different at two sites in the front zone although the sampling time of the day was the same. from this, the history of mixing was believed to be the most important factor for the species composition and abundance distribution in the front zone. Zooplankton distribution in the study area was mainly controlled by the dominant cold water Copepod Species Metridia paoifica, the only taxon that showed significant diet vertical migration. Most other taxa showed no significant diel vortical migration, Seawater temperature also affected zooplankton distribution. Positive correlations in the warm area, weak negative correlations in the cold water area, and no significant correlation in the front zone were obtained in general between the seawater temperature and the abundances of the major taxa.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.1298-1301
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• 2011

텍스트 데이터는 표현 방식의 차이, 타이핑 오류 등을 포함하고 있어 정확히 일치하는 검색으로는 유용한 정보를 얻기 어렵다. 따라서 유사도 기반 검색 방법이 많이 연구되고 있으며 효율적인 유사도 기반 검색을 위해 텍스트 데이터에 대한 역 리스트를 구성한다. 그리고 이를 병합하여 질의와 일정 기준 이상 유사한 데이터를 찾는다. 본 논문에서는 역 리스트 병합 과정에서 역 리스트의 탐색 비용을 줄이기 위해 비트맵 필터를 사용하는 기법을 제안한다. 비트맵 필터를 사용하여 역 리스트의 탐색 여부를 결정하여 불필요한 역 리스트 탐색을 회피함으로써 역 리스트 병합 비용을 줄인다. 실험을 통하여 제안된 기법이 기존의 연구에서 제안된 역 리스트 병합 알고리즘의 성능을 30~40% 정도 개선함을 보인다.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.167-194
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• 2006

The purpose of this research is to examine the impact of marriage and parenthood on the physical and mental health, in consideration of gender differences. We have retested various theories including Gove's inequality theory to explain how marriage and parenthood affect the contemporary Korean men and women. This study tries to answer these questions by analyzing the data from ${\ulcorner}$Successful Midlife Development: Survey on Mental health and Work/Family Life Course in Korea and the United States (Han et at., 2001)${\lrcorner}. The data were collected from the survey of 1696 adults (women: 49.5% (n=839)) at the age of 27 to 60. In this survey, physical and mental health were evaluated in three dimensions, respectively: depression, perceived physical health and illness symptoms. The results were that occupying both marital and parental status showed better health profile than possessing other role combinations(single parent/married but no child/never-married). Gender differences and other findings have been discussed further.