• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.51-59
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• 2009

This study is based on field data obtained from rock grouting such as RQD value, Unit cement grout volume, Lugeon value(Lu), and Maximum grout pressure in four different dam sites. The relationship were analyzed and compared as follow. The cut-off effect after rock grouting in dam-foundation which are mostly consist of metamorphic rock is better than that of Sedimentary rock. And the impermeable effect after consolidation grouting is more efficiency than the impermeable effect after curtain grouting. The unit cement grout volume are increased as RQD value is higher in rock mass. But there is no relationship between RQD value and Lugeon value. In the sedimentary rock, which is more permeable than metamorphic rock, Lugeon value (Lu) is a linear function (Lu=0.22Vc) of unit cement grout volume (Vc). Cut-off effect of curtain grouting is less influential at each near holes which are already grouted than that of consolidation grouting. And the behavior characteristics of Lugeon value vs. the unit cement grout volume as the order of installations are almost the same.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.33-39
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• 2022

For a slag-cement-bentonite (slag-CB) cut-off wall, GGBS replaces a part of the cement mixed to build a CB cut-off wall, which is used to block the flow and leakage of pollutants or groundwater; prevent seawater infiltration; and repair or reinforcement an aged embankments. Slag-CB cut-off walls are used in various applications in different fields where groundwater control is required due to its excellent characteristics. Such properties include high strength, low permeability, high durability and chemical resistance. However, despite these advantages, slag-CB cut-off walls are not extensively studied in Korea and thus are not applied in many cases. Particularly, GGBS, which replaces cement in a mixture, has different properties depending on its country of production. Consequently, it is necessary to perform various studies on slag-CB cut-off walls that use GGBS produced in Korea in order to increase its usability. This study has evaluated the bleeding rate, setting time, strength, and permeability in relation to the cement replacement rate of GGBS produced in Korea for slag-CB cut-off walls, with the aim to increase its usability. The evaluation found that slag-CB cut-off walls, made of a mixture containing GGBS produced in Korea, have a lower bleeding rate and permeability, and higher strengththan CB cut-off walls. It was also analyzed that such improved performance is more effective with a higher cement replacement rate of GGBS.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.140-148
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• 2016

This study examined the durability of face-slab concrete in Concrete-Faced Rock-filled Dams(CFRDs). The durability of face-slab concrete can be improved by optimizing the amount of fly ash in the cement mixture. Durability tests including plastic shrinkage, permeability, abrasion resistance, and repeated freezing and thawing were done on face-slab concrete specimens with different amounts of fly ash and blended PVA(Poly Vinyl Alcohol) fibre. When the effect of the fly ash content on concrete durability was evaluated, the results showed that a 15% fly ash content and 0.1% blended PVA fiber yielded the optimum durability level for concrete-faced rock-filled dams.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.29-37
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• 2016

In order to prevent leakage of contaminants in offshore landfill, vertical barrier should be installed. Vertical barrier should be installed at designed depth of seabed to prevent the horizontal transport of contaminant in the subsurface. In this study, the seepage and contaminant transport in the subsurface according to embedded depth of vertical barrier were analyzed by using 2-D finite element analysis program SEEP/W and 3-D finite difference analysis program Visual Modflow. Numerical modelling results show that seepage flux and contaminant transport in seabed was greatly reduced when vertical barrier was installed at certain depth of low permeable layer. Therefore, the determination of minimum embedded depth for preventing contaminant leakage is helpful to design the economical vertical barrier.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.87-95
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• 2003

In this paper, the discrete element method was applied to evaluate the stability of composite cover and lining system of landfill. This method is capable of estimating the distribution of tensile force and shear stress mobilized in each liner component and its interfaces, based on a relationship of force and displacement. It was assumed that the cover soil and geomembrane were comprised of slices connected with elastoplastic Winkler springs and tensile spring respectively. Parametric study using this method was performed and compared with other techniques based on limit equilibrium method fur the example analysis.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.13 no.4 s.35
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• pp.1-9
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• 1999

일차원 및 이차원의 단순한 문제에 대하여 계층 요소를 사용한 혼합 차수 유한 요소해의 정확성 및 수렴성을 조사하였다. 이러한 작업은 임의의 차수를 가진 블록들을 조합하여 요소를 구성함으로서 이루어질 수 있다. 블록간의 연결성이 유지될 수 있는 블록의 구성과 요소 생성에 대하여는 코드개발과 관련하여 설명하고 있으며, 서로 다른 차수를 가진 인접 블록간의 해의 연속성에 대하여는 계층 요소의 구성과 관련하여 서술되었다. 수치적 결과는 블록의 차수를 잘 선택함으로서 유한 요소해의 수렴성과 정확성을 증가시킬 수 있음을 보여주고 있으며, 고차 요소 영역을 너무 많이 할당하여 선형 요소의 영역이 너무 적을 경우에는 경계 조건에 따라 오차가 내부로 전파됨을 보여준다. 또한 세분화된 요소에 대한 고차 보간의 경우, 해의 수렴성이 저해될 수 있음이 발견되었다.

• Journal of Korea Foundry Society
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.101-107
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• 2004

회주철 및 구상흑연주철에 있어서 압탕방안 및 합금원소가 수축결함의 생성에 미치는 영향을 연구하였다. 두 종류의 압탕방안으로 실린더형상의 계단상시편을 제조하였으며 회주철의 경우 5조성(ISO 150, 200, 250, 300, 350), 구상흑연주철의 경우 6조성(SG 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60)을 사용하였다. 회주철 및 구상흑연주칠 공히, 1차 압탕방안의 경우 액상수축에 의한 1차수축결함이 후육부의 표면에 발생하였으며 수축결함의 내면은 매끄러웠다. 회주철의 경우 응고수축에 의한 2차수축결함은 생성되지 않았으나 구상흑연주철의 경우 모든 시편의 내부열점에 2차수축결함이 발생하였고 그 내면은 거칠었다. 2차압탕방안의 경우 회주철의 모든 시편에서는 1차 및 2차수축결함이 발생되지 않았다. 그러나 구상흑연주철의 경우 탄화물 생성원소가 첨가된 SG 40, 50 및 60의 3조성에서 2차수축결함이 열점에 생성되었다. 견고한 ���V주형을 사용하였기 때문에 주형벽이동으로 인한 표면팽창은 어느 경우에도 관찰되지 않았다.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.493-499
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• 2009

Recently, the construction of Concrete Faced Rockfill Dam (CFRD) is increasing because rock material resources are plenty in Korea. Bedding zone in the CFRD is necessary enough bearing capacity to support the concrete face slab uniformly and enough impermeability to prevent the loss of fine soils in case of leakage from the concrete slab face. Therefore, cut-off the water leakage in bedding zone securely is the key factor influencing the safety of CFRD. Tested materials satisfied with the specification of particle size distribution at the Bedding Zone area are chosen for conducting permeability tests, which are done to evaluate the property of cut off the materials. Based on the test results, the effects of cut off the materials are investigated by considering the coefficient of permeability, the soil particle distribution, and the dry unit weight. Especially, the relationships between coefficient of permeability with effective size(D10), dry unit weight, and weight passing percent the No.4 sieve are suggested, and also the variation of coefficient of permeability with time are proposed.

• Geotechnical Engineering
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.191-204
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• 1998

The feasibility of fly ash was evaluated as an alternative liner material to the conventional clay liner of landfills through modeling and laboratory experiments. In order to consider the effect of unsaturation on water flow through the liner, analyses were made to compare flow characteristics in saturated liner with that of unsaturated one. Contaminant migration characteristics in liners were investigated by batch experiment and modeling, in which phenol was employed as a model was solved by numerical techniques of finite difference method and predictor-corrector method to deal with high non-linearity. Sequential method was used to handle the system of differential equations. Results show that the alternative liner material is more capable of cutting off water flow in unsaturated condition and in preventing phenol from passing through it. It can be seen that, under the flow conditions considered in this study, the conventional saturation approach underestimates the amount of water passing through the liner and doers the cut-off capability against phenol significantly.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.5-12
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• 2015

In this study, buoyancy-resistance permanent anchor was considered to prevent uplift pressure of a building structure. However, this test was failed to put anchor body in the boring hole because of the rapid outflow of ground water and coefficient of permeability. In addition, the hole where the anchor body was forcefully inserted constantly flew the sea water and cement. And it was found that anchor was not settled in the ground. In order to solve this problem, jet grouting method was applied to block the ground water and the single grouted column method was chosen to install the buoyancy-resistance permanent anchor. In this paper, the single grouted column method was applied with the general jet grouting methods and grout material was fixed by 3-field tests. These tests confirmed the effect of permeability and ground improvement with field permeability test by core sampling, Standard Penetration Test (SPT) and unconfined compression test. Confirming the stability of the buoyancy-resistance permanent anchor with installation and tension test, application of the single grouted column method in the volcanic clastic zones was verified.