• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.25-34
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• 2010

This study was conducted to develop evaluation indicators to improve athletic performance and operational management of golf courses and the results of the research are as follows. Through theoretical research and a preliminary professional survey, 15 on-going evaluations of golf course composition and operational management and 55 sub-evaluation indices were rejected while 10 on-going evaluations and 52 sub-evaluation indicators were reconfigured as final for environmental-friendliness, level of member services, level of human service of game personnel, difficulties of course, management level of the course, fairness of operational management, accessibility and location characteristic, traditions and ambiance of the golf club, quality of course, and course layout. When analyzing the important decision factors in golf course user preference evaluation indicators, the following contributed in the order of higher to lower contributions: the management level of the course, excellence of the course, level of human services for personnel, course layout and environmental-friendliness. When identifying the path coefficient of golf course evaluation indicators, the curvature of a hole and the length of the course had a causal effect on the 'course layout' section. Tournament facilities and various shot values had a causal relationship with 'excellence of the course', in the order of higher to lower, and convenience of waiting and fair allocation of reservations for 'fairness of operational management'. The history of the golf course and its environmental characteristics, history and culture of the region have relatively higher causal effects on 'traditions of the golf club' and geographical conditions on 'accessibility and location characteristics', pesticide and fertilizer usage and water pollution on 'environmental-friendliness', and member benefit and kindness of employees on 'level of member services'. The kindness and expertise of the game personnel had a relatively higher causal effect on the 'level of human services of game personnel', the location of tenning area, and location of OB and hazards on 'difficulties of course', and rough conditions and obstacles management on 'management level of the course'. There is a need to complete a systematic evaluation index system for golf course user preferences through future studies for a more detailed assessment, as well as a process to verify these evaluation indicators by application to domestic and international golf courses.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.947-952
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• 2007

The construction project is composed of individual trade which is consists of each activity. and the performance of each activity is the lowest level to influence the project performance. Consequently, It is essential to measure and evaluate the performance of the each assignment. But the existing performance measurement have mainly focussed on company level and project level. Therefore, this paper select PPC as the indicator of a activity and, suggests the analysis method of indicators for a goal-oriented management and continuous improvement through a statistical control techniques.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2020.06a
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• pp.9-9
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• 2020

하천공간은 홍수방어와 용수사용을 위한 수자원관리 측면의 공간에서 벗어나 국민들의 삶의 질 제고와 이용편익, 생활환경의 중심 공간으로 자리매김하고 있다. 국민의 하천에 대한 눈높이가 상승하고 있음에도 하천공간이 주는 여러 가치에 대해서는 학술적 검토가 미진하였으며, 그에 따라 정책에도 제한적으로 반영되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 설문조사, 요인분석 등을 통해 주민 입장에서 부여할 수 있는 하천의 다면적 가치를 식별하고 주민친화적 관리를 위한 성과지표를 개발하고자 하였다. 특히 본 연구가 개발하고자 하는 성과지표 체계는 기존 방식대로 객관화·정량화가 불가능한 주민의 정성적·주관적 만족도를 측정할 수 있는 지표를 개발하는 것에 목적이 있다. 먼저, 관련된 각종 선행연구 및 도로 등 타분야 사례, 일본 등 해외 사례 등을 종합하여 하천의 4가지 사업부문인 치수, 이수, 환경, 친수를 모두 포괄하는 지표체계안을 구축하였다. 다만 본 연구가 주민친화적 하천관리를 목적으로 하므로 상대적으로 환경·친수 부문 지표의 비중이 높았으며, 총 지표 개수는 25개로 도출하였다. 도출한 지표체계안을 바탕으로 주민 대상 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 요인분석법을 활용하여 지표체계를 재정리하였다. 요인분석법은 학술적·실무적으로 가장 널리 사용되는 PCA 추출법과 Varimax 회전법을 채택하였으며, KMO 및 Barlett's 검정법을 활용하여 자료 검정을 수행하였다. 그 결과, 하천 부문 주민만족 요인은 3가지로 나타났으며, 이를 각각 '최소친수기반요인', '안전·청결기반요인', '친수활동지원요인'으로 정의하였다. 요인 분석 결과를 바탕으로, 3개 영역, 6개 세부 영역, 24개 평가항목으로 구성된 성과지표 체계를 도출하였다. 마련된 성과지표의 항목별 중요도를 전국 대상 설문조사를 통해 분석한 결과, 영역 중에서는 '안전·청결기반요인'이 가장 중요한 것으로 나타났으며, 특징적으로는 CCTV, 장애·위험물 제거, 수질·공간청결성, 공공화장실 만족성 등이 중요한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 대전지역 국가하천과 지방하천을 사례지역으로 성과지표를 비교한 결과, 국가하천의 성과가 대체로 높게 나타났으며 '최소친수기반요인' 영역의 성과가 상대적으로 높은 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.192-204
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• 2023

This study aimed to determine the criteria for quantifying developmental defects of enamel in primary teeth in premature babies and to investigate the severity of developmental defects according to the gestational age, birth weight, systemic complications, and treatments received after preterm birth. Birth information, a history of complications, the duration of parenteral nutrition, and endotracheal intubation were investigated by retrospectively reviewing the admission and discharge records of premature babies in the neonatal intensive care unit. The Preterm Developmental Defects of Enamel (PDDE) index was designed by modifying the existing developmental defects of enamel index. Based on PDDE index, the evaluator scored developmental defects of enamel by classifying them as enamel hypomineralization and hypoplasia. The PDDE scores in the extremely preterm and extremely low birth weight groups were significantly higher than those in other groups. Furthermore, PDDE scores of premature babies with bronchopulmonary dysplasia, rickets, intraventricular hemorrhage, or necrotizing colitis were significantly higher than those in the control group. In addition, more than 50 days of endotracheal intubation and more than 20 days of parenteral nutrition were associated with significantly higher PDDE scores than those in the control group and were risk factors for developmental defects of enamel. This study provides basic information for identifying risk factors for developmental defects of enamel in premature babies.

• Proceedings of the KOR-KST Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.574-583
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• 2007

The quality of service on urban roadways have been evaluated mainly based on such quantitative measures as travel speed and delay. However, in addition to the quantitative aspects, drivers traveling on urban roadways are subject to be influenced by qualitative measures such as aesthetic aspects of the roadway and other drivers' violation of traffic laws. Based on this notion, this study attempts to identify roadway service quality indices, considering both qualitative and quantitative aspects and evaluate the quality of service using the modified Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA), a technique often applied in the field of marketing. The modified IPA is proposed in this study as a way to evaluate the service quality, reflecting the relative performance between study areas and performance indices. A case study is implemented over the Gangnam and Gangbuk areas in Seoul, resulting in identifying the items needed to be improved for each study area.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.110-118
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• 2010

Purpose: To develop outcome indicators of urinary incontinence to measure quality of care in long term care hospitals in Korea. Methods: The draft indicators of urinary incontinence were developed from a literature review and clinical expert panel. A survey of medical records of 280 patients in 20 hospitals was conducted to test inter-rater reliability. Statistical analysis was done to test risk adjustment criteria, variation between hospitals, and stability of indicators, using assessment data from 77,918 patients in 623 hospitals. Results: The inter-rater reliability of items was high (Kappa range: 0.66- 0.92). Severe cognitive impairment (odds ratio [OR]: 3.15, confidence interval [CI]: 3.03-3.26) and total mobility activities of daily living (ADLs) dependency (OR: 4.85, CI: 4.72-4.98) increased the prevalence of urinary incontinence, thus they proved to be significant criteria to stratify high and low risk groups. The prevalence for low risk showed more substantial variation than the high risk group. The indicators were stable over one month. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the feasibility of outcome indicators of urinary incontinence. Improving the reliability of the patient assessment tool and refining the indicators through validation study is a must for future study.

• Journal of Practical Engineering Education
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.223-232
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• 2023

The Work-Study parallel program has been promoted as a key policy to resolve the mismatch between industrial sites and school education and realize a competency-centered society, and as of December 2022, 16,664 companies participated in the training. Learning companies play a very important role as education and training supply organizations that conduct field training. In this study, for the evaluation of learning companies participating in work-study program, the authors derive important factors that determine the quality of on-site education and training by analyzing the cognitive structure of experts in charge of the company and present evaluation indicators for learning enterprises. Therefore, it is intended to lay the foundation for promoting the quality of work-study parallel program.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.415-423
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• 2016

Cultural impact assessment system is a program to improve the quality of people's life by minimizing the negative effects and maximizing the positive effects on the cultural environment when a central government or local governments implement policies or plans. It was introduced in 2013 by Framework Act on the Promotion of Cultural Industries. Now the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism is promoting a pilot project for cultural impact assessment system to reduce trial and error and settle it as a successful system. This study examined previous studies, international case studies, and various cultural impact assessment systems in oder to successfully seated cultural impact assessment systems and proposed ways to improve evaluations regarding objects, index, process, scale of objects, and evaluation agency. For the system to run smoothly in the future, additional researches are needed on the scale of evaluation objects, setting up detailed evaluation index, the composition of evaluation committee and its operation, and the introduction of cultural impact evaluators.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.303-312
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• 2017

The central goal of Gamma Knife radiosurgery(GKRS) is to maximize the conformity of the prescription isodose surface, and to minimize the radiation effect of the normal tissue surrounding the target volume. There are the various kinds of indices related with the quality of treatment plans such as conformity index, coverage, selectivity, beam-on time, gradient index(GI), and conformity/gradient index(CGI). As the best treatment plan evaluation tool, we must check by all means conformity index, GI, and CGI among them. Specially, GI and CGI related with complication of healthy normal tissue is more indispensible than conformity index. Then author calculated and statistically analysed CGI, the newly defined conformity/gradient index as well as GI being applied widely using the treatment planning system Leksell GammaPlan(LGP) and the verification method Variable Ellipsoid Modeling Technique(VEMT). In the study 10 patients with intracranial lesion treated by GKRS were included. Author computed the indices from LGP and VEMT requiring only four parameters: the prescribed isodose volume, the volume with dose > 30%, the target volume, and the volume of half the prescription isodose. All data were analyzed by paired t-test, which is statistical method used to compare two different measurement techniques. No statistical significance in GI at 10 cases was observed between LGP and VEMT. Differences in GI ranged from -0.14 to 0.01. The newly defined gradient index calculated by two methods LGP and VEMT was not statistically significant either. Author did not find out the statistical difference for the prescribed isodose volume between LGP and VEMT. CGI as the evaluation index for determining the best treatment plan is not significant statistically also. Differences in CGI ranged from -4 to 3. Similarly newly defined Conformity/Gradient index for GKRS was also estimated as the metric for the evaluation of the treatment plans through statistical analysis. Statistical analyses demonstrated that VEMT was in excellent agreement with LGP when considering GI, new gradient index, CGI, and new CGI for evaluating the best plans of GKRS. Due to the application of the fast and easy evaluation tool through LGP and VEMT author hopes CGI and newly defined CGI as well as gradient indices will be widely used.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.24 no.9
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• pp.1030-1038
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• 2014

Platelet products are used to treat hemorrhagic or platelet dysfunction diseases. Plateletpheresis involves collecting the platelet components of blood using an apheresis blood-collection system. Various indicators are available for evaluating the qualities of the apheresis platelets. The productivity of platelet collection is evaluated through both the collection efficiency and collection rates. Platelet storage quality can be evaluated in vitro using several indicators, including visual appearance, metabolic activities, volume, platelet count, white blood cell count, microparticles, and various platelet activation markers. Platelet activation markers have been used as indicators of storage quality in various studies. Post-transfusion platelet quality can be evaluated based on the corrected count increment and the percentage of platelet recovery. Although various studies have investigated the aspects of plateletpheresis, no article has systemically presented assessments of the platelet products obtained from different plateletpheresis devices. The present study provides a review of plateletpheresis, including the specifics of the process, the types of devices employed, the platelet quality, the overall efficacy, and the evaluation indicator qualities. Furthermore, the differences in functionality among the different apheresis devices are discussed. Although adverse reactions to the citrate anti-coagulant have been reported, apheresis processing may provide a safer option for donors who are at a high risk for presyncopal or syncopal reactions related to whole blood collection.