• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.325-330
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• 2009

In Korea, medical diagnostic equipments and biochemical examination can not be used in order for diagnosing sub-healthy state or ante-disease state in oriental medicine clinic. So morphic analogical method used in oriental medicine can be a good tool as a disease-predictable signs in order to enable preventive diagnosis and therapy. Therefore the four geometrical subjects; Essence, Pneuma, Spirit, Blood(四科;精氣紳血) and the four taxonomical species; Pisces, Quadruped, Aves, Carapaces(四類;魚走鳥甲) are chosen as morphic models in this paper. The differences of two classifying methods with four subjects and four species were as follows. The diagnostic category was meta-medical and synthetic against medical specific. The diagnostic object was body in contrast with face. They were able to be applicant in psychology and classification of characteristics against diagnostics and therapeutics directly in oriental medicine. The theoretical basis was basic diagrams of four unit-fluids of body and morphological analogy with four animal species respectively. And the therapeutic aims were systemic pathogenesis following five phase theory against congestion and deficiency of Essence, Pneuma, Spirit, Blood. The four subjects and four species are mixed each other practically in clinic. But it should be used limitedly because of the above reasons described and must divide the principal and secondary factors and follow the pathology of principal shape factor. In order to improve the diagnostic value of ante-disease state, the discriminable standards, measurement methods, limit of interrelating interpretation and the criteria of abnormal disproportion were needed to be defined more clearly in advance.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.107-114
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• 2008

Purpose : The aim of this study is to determine possibility of application of in vivo proton ($^1H$) magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in distinguishing cystic mass arising around pancreas by comparison of in vivo MRS, in vitro MRS using 3T MR machine, based on nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Materials and Methods : We obtained spectra of in vivo MRS, in vitro MRS and NMR from abdominal mass arising around pancreas (mucinous cystic neoplasm=5, intraductal papillary mucin producing tumor=5, pseudocyst=1, and lymphangioma=1). We estimated existence of peak of in vivo MRS, and in vitro MRS concordant to that of NMR. We also evaluated differential peak for predicting specific disease. Results : Correlation of presence of peak with NMR showed showed sensitivity of 29.6%, specificity of 82.6% and accuracy of 67.7% on in vivo MRS (p = 0.096, McNemar test), sensitivity of 57.1% and specificity of 92.6% and accuracy of 82.3% on in vitro MRS (p = 0.362, McNemar test). The spectra of NMR for IPMT showed more frequent peaks at 3.5-4.0 ppm (p=0.026). Conclusion : Although chemical analysis, using NMR could be regarded as possible tool to differentiate cystic masses, in vivo and in vitro MRS need further technical evolution for clinical application.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.81-92
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• 2017

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by persistent airflow limitation that is usually progressive. It is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, leading to substantial and increasing economic and social burden. Palliative care for COPD patients aims to reduce symptoms and exacerbations and improve exercise tolerance and quality of life. It is difficult to make a prognosis for COPD patients due to the variable illness trajectory and advanced care of patients. However, severity of breathlessness, assessment of lung function impairment, and frequency of exacerbations can help to identify palliative care needs and determine effective methods to mitigate symptoms, which is discussed in this paper. In these patients, it is recommended to provide individualized palliative care along with curative/restorative care at the onset of COPD symptoms. Before launching a palliative care system in Korea, it is necessary to prepare pulmonary rehabilitation resources, patient-centered communication, timely palliative responsiveness, and a program for effective advanced care planning. A multidisciplinary approach involving collaboration with not only the respiratory and palliative care teams but also primary care offers a new model of care for these patients and should be considered with a priority.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.271-277
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• 2020

"Health examinations" means medical examinations conducted by health examination institutions, including a physical examination, consultation, physical measurement, diagnostic laboratory test (also known as clinical laboratory test, clinical pathology test), pathology test, and Imaging test for checking the health condition and the prevention and early detection of diseases. The types of health examinations include general health examinations, comprehensive health examinations, special health examinations, and other health examinations. The proportion of the general health examination work of medical technologists working at health examination centers has been estimated to comprise more than 50% of the total work. The cost aspect of suspicious diseases can be estimated to be more than 25%. The cost of diagnostic laboratory test has been estimated to be approximately 5%, and the proportion of medical diagnosis use is 70%. The results show that it is time to revisit whether medical technologists are receiving appropriate social, economic, and reasonable policy treatment in health examination work. The future of medical technologists will further expand their professionalism in diagnostic laboratory test and quality control in precision medicine and telemedicine in the future. Therefore, medical technologists will need to participate proactively in government policy decisions related to national health examinations and make efforts to improve treatment.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.252-261
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• 2007

Background : Obesity is the most common nutritional disorder in Western society as well as in Korea. Obesity results from a combination of genetic, environmental, and behavioral factors. Materials and Methods : In an attempt to investigate the association of obesity with its candidate genes, ${\beta}3$ adrenergic receptor (${\beta}_3AR$) and uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2), we analyzed polymorphisms of ${\beta}_3AR$ Trp64Arg and UCP2 -866G/A by PCR-RFLP analysis and the obesity-related phenotypes, including body mass index (BMI), fasting glucose concentration, and plasma lipid profiles in 750 subjects. Results : The Trp64Arg polymorphism in the ${\beta}_3AR$ gene was not statistically associated with the BMI. The UCP2 -866G/A polymorphism was significantly higher in obese than in non-obese subjects (P<0.05). However, the UCP2 -866A/A polymorphism was higher in the non-obese subjects. Conclusion : These results suggest that the UCP2 -866G/A polymorphism might be more useful for the prediction of obesity and obesity-associated diseases in Korean patients than the ${\beta}_3AR$ Trp64Arg polymorphism.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.309-313
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to simultaneously detect and identify specific genus of Lactobacillus distributed in vagina of healthy women in their twenties by using multiplex primer. Vaginal fluid samples were taken from 166 women who were healthy and did not have vaginosis symptoms caused by bacterial infection. Six species of lactic acid bacteria belong to Lactobacillus genus that are known to inhabit in healthy vagina were selected to make a species-specific multiplex primer. Multiplex primer I was specified to selectively detect L. iners, L. crispatus, L. gasseri and multiplex primer II was specified to selectively detect L. acidophilus, L. jensenii, L. fermentum. L. crispatus (77%) was most frequently detected, and L. acidophilus (57%) and L. jensenii (57%) were relatively higher than others. Although the proportion of L. iners (59%) was a little higher than those of L. acidophilus and L. jensenii, this should be further validated in healthy women's vagina to be sure since they often appear in women having bacterial vaginosis and/or during the antibiotic therapy. Conclusively, the multiplex PCR technique using the species-specific primer could a useful tool to predict variation of vaginal health condition and process of recovery from vaginal disease.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.290-298
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• 2016

This study was conducted to develop a model that explains the factors influencing the clinical nurses' willingness to perform Basic Life Support and to verify the appropriateness of the model. The participants were 550 clinical nurses working at a university hospital in Korea. The data were collected from self-reported questionnaires from October 2012 to February 2013. A total of 520 questionnaires were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 20.0 and Amos version 18.0 software packages. The results indicated that the clinical nurses' knowledge of basic life support had a direct impact and their clinical experience had an indirect impact on their willingness to perform basic life support at the scene. These variables together explained 19.5% of the variance in the nurses' willingness to perform Basic Life Support. The clinical experience was correlated significantly with knowledge (r=.61, p<.001). To increase the clinical nurses' performance of Basic Life Support, knowledge and clinical experience should be reinforced by continuous in-service education on Basic Life Support, considering the disease status of hospitalized patients.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.540-547
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• 2009

There needs disease-predictable signs in order to enable preventive diagnosis and therapy. Then traditional Chinese medicine applies various medical diagnostic equipments used in western medicine to diagnosing sub-healthy state. But such data are not originated from inherent oriental medicine, and not obtained easily in ordinary clinical practice. This paper is to provide synopsis of the ante-disease diagno-therapeutics partly and to show predictable data based on the facial shapes and signs, especially of gall bladder's versus bladder's body and masculine versus feminine shape. Ante-disease means not only the complete healthy state, but also the state unseen any symptoms in macrographically in the course of outbreak of disease. It contains two stages, first one is the former state of disease and second one is untransmitted state of disease. The patterns of ante-disease consist of latent disease, pre-disease, transmission type like senescent syndrome, abnormal reactive syndrome(變證), syndrome of transmission and transmutation. The classification with gall bladder and bladder type manifests the differences of shape, color and size of each organ in comparison of the universal and standard figures of the human being. On the other hand, the classification with masculine and feminine shape contrasts the innate sexual difference and the shape, characteristics originated from in itself. These two classification theories have their own pathologic types and syndrome types with each disease so that disease-predictable data can be constructed based on such a relationship. In addition, this diagnostic method by facial shapes and signs is able to be applied to whole stages from prenatal to present state of disease even if the cause and inducement are not clear. Ante-disease diagno-theraputic system by Gall Bladder's versus Bladder's Body and Masculine versus Feminine Shape is getting more important in the chronic and internal disease in comparison of the acute and traumatic disease. So this study is able to make up for the limit of diagnosis on ante-disease in the field of oriental medicine clinic.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.460-469
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• 2017

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are induced as a self-defense mechanism of cells when exposed to various external stresses, such as high fever, infection, free radicals, and heavy metals. They affect the prognosis in the process of tumor formation. HSP is classified into four families: HSP27, HSP60, HSP90, and HSP100, depending on molecular weight. Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), a molecular chaperone, plays an important role in the cellular protection against various stressful stimuli and in the regulation of cell cycle progression and apoptosis. In the present study, we assessed the differential expression of HSP90 family proteins in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and the correlation of their expression levels with clinicopathologic factors and patient survival rates. The result of this study can be summarized as follows; $HSP90{\alpha}$ showed higher expression in patients with no lymphovascular invasion (p=0.014). $HSP90{\beta}$ showed a higher expression of squamous cell carcinoma (p=0.003), and an over expression of glucose-related protein (GRP94) was significantly associated with poor differentiation (p=0.048). However, none of the HSP90 proteins showed a significant association with the survival status in patients with NSCLC. This study also indicates that $HSP90{\alpha}$ might contribute more to the carcinogenesis of NSCLC than $HSP90{\beta}$, and GRP94 and isoform selectivity should be considered when HSP90 inhibitors are studied or utilized in the treatment of NSCLC.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.141-150
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• 2006

Since the late 1990s, 'smart clothing' has been developed in a various way to meet the need of users and to help people more friendly interact with computers through its various designs. Recently, various applications of smart clothing concept have been presented by researchers. Among the various applications, smart clothing with a health care system is most likely to gain the highest demand rate in the market. Among them, smart clothing for check-up of health status with its sensors is expected to sell better than other types of smart clothing on the market. Under this circumstance, research and development for this field have been accelerated furthermore. This research institution has invented biometric sensors suitable for the smart clothing, and has developed a design to diagnose various diseases such as cardiac disorder and respiratory diseases. The newly developed smart clothing in this study looks similar to the previous inventions, but people can feel more comfortable in it with its fabric interaction built in it. When people wear it, the health status of the wearers is diagnosed and its signals are transmitted to the connected computer so the result can be easily monitored in real time. This smart clothing is a new kind of clothing as a supporting system for preventing various cardiac disorder and respiratory diseases using its biometric sensor built-in, and is also an archetype to show how smart clothing can work on the market.