• International Commerce and Information Review
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.387-408
• /
• 2012

This paper have examined the descriptive and legal approaches to the comparison and analysis of major content of direct transport in FTA rules of origin and the primary judicial precedents that arose during the executing process of FTAs. Preferential tariff treatment shall be applied to a good satisfying the requirement of this agreement(annex, article etc.,) and which is transported directly between the territories of the exporting party and importing party. However, products may be transported through territories of non-parties, provided that they do not undergo operations other than unloading, reloading, splitting-up of consignments or any operation designed to preserve them in good condition. During this period the products shall remain under customs control in the country of transit. The low perception of firms on the rules of origin was found to lead to breaking the rule and thus taking up losses. The FTA major countries enacted penalty rules against the violation of the rules of origin and bring civil and criminal suits and administrative sanctions. The types and level of penalties are subject to their domestic laws of each of those nations. With better recognition of major content of direct transport in FTA rules of origin and well-prepared countermeasures, firms will be able to enhance competitive advantage while benefiting from preferential tariffs.

• Proceedings of the KOR-KST Conference
• /
• 1999.03a
• /
• pp.95-109
• /
• 1999

기존의 추정된 화물 수요모형은 화물의 출하특성과 관련된 설명변수를 중심으로 추정되었으며, 이에 따라 수송수단 선택 과정에서 화주가 느끼는 실제의 인식 상황을 모형내에 적절히 반영하지 못하였다. 본 연구는 기존 연구가 갖는 한계점을 극복하고자 화주가 수송수단을 선택할 때 느끼는 인식상황을 모형 내에 적용시켜 수단 선택 특성을 분석하였다. 연구대상은 우리나라의 188개 제조업체에서 화물자동차로 출하한 내수용 화물이며, 연구의 범위도 현실 운송체계 내에서 화주의 수단선택 행태를 설명하는 단기간의 예측으로 제한하였다. 모형추정결과 우리나라의 공로화물수송을 해석하기 위해서는, 출하중량까지를 고려한 다항로짓모형 형태이면서 인식 요소를 행태변수로 추가한 모형을 이용하는 것이 가장 적절하다는 결론을 내렸다. 그리고 이에 따라 주요한 설명 변수들의 탄력성과 화주의 인식 요소에 대한 특성값을 분석하여 제시하였다. 연구결과는 활용성 측면에서 직접 활용이 가능한 것과 잠재적인 변화를 예측하는데 이용되는 것으로 구분된다. 먼저 직접활용이 가능한 것은 수송수단과 관계된 변수들을 해석하여 얻는데, 수송비용과 수송시간에 대한 계수값의 크기와 부호, 그리고 탄력성은 정부의 정책부서나 운송인의 계획수립에 직접 적용된다. 다음으로 화주의 인식 요소는 잠재적인 변화를 예측하는데 이용되며 각 요소가 갖는 탄력성 및 특징은 운송인의 고객관리 기준이된다.

• International Commerce and Information Review
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.207-232
• /
• 2013

FTA(Free Trade Agreement) of South Korea and European Union(EU) took effect from July 1, 2011. Korea signed a contract FTA with the European Union by first among Asian country, and Korea EU FTA is evaluated that it is wide, comprehensive and high level FTA. Therefore, Korea EU FTA will become FTA that dimension is high, and FTA fermentation with the European Union may activate the Korean economy through extension of export. By the way, in Korea EU FTA, the stipulations on import and export clearance system is different compared with other FTA. Therefore, exporter and importers should compare thoroughly on essential factor of origin standard and preferential tariff which is set in FTA Agreement. In this study, I analyzed 'conditions of direct transport' that is prescribed in article 13 of Korea EU FTA. Particular, I analyzed recently example of appeal for review that decision is made in the Korea Customs Service(KCS). Laying stress on counter measure of business, conclusion in this study is as following. First, companies must understand correctly a single consignment and a single transport document under Korea EU FTA. Second, companies must not analyze wrong 'conditions of direct transport'. Third, when simplicity transshipment or temporary custody is consisted, companies must secure documentary evidence as soon as possible. Fourth, in case goods pass third country, companies must understand uprightly 'a single consignment'. Finally, companies should keep in mind to truth that European Union and EFTA are different FTA.

• 해운
• /
• no.2 s.25
• /
• pp.22-33
• /
• 2006

세계해운시장에서 그리스의 역할은 막중하다. 그리스 선주들이 직접 운항하는 선대는 많지 않지만 지배선단은 세계해운시장을 좌우할 정도로 그 규모가 크다. 세계 원유와 정유의 60%가 해상 운송되고 있는데, 그 중 25%가 그리스 유조선에 의해 운송되고 있을 정도이다. 그리스가 세계해운 1위국의 위치를 고수하는 저력은 어디서 나오는지, 그리스 해운산업의 현주소를 알아본다(편집자 주)

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
• /
• 2007.12a
• /
• pp.49-50
• /
• 2007

선박의 대형화 및 해상사업의 기업화 등에 따라 해상운송에 있어 화물의 하역, 보관 등의 전문적인 부분을 담당하고 있는 항만하역업자, 항만터미널운영자, 창고업자 동 독립계약자의 역할은 점점 증대되어 가고 있는 추세이다. 하지만 국제해상운송은 해상운송인과 화주를 중심으로 체결한 운송계약을 중심으로 이루어져 왔으므로, 영국 보통법상의 직접계약관계의 원칙에 의해 계약당사자가 아닌 자는 계약상의 이익을 원용할 수 없다는 입장을 유지하여 왔다 이에 대해 이를 완화하고자 하는 다양한 방안이 적용되고 있으며, '히말라야약관'도 그러한 방안중의 하나이다. 본 논문은 최근 대법원판결을 통해 우리나라 법원의 히말라야약관의 유효성 인정에 대한 내용을 재검토해 본다.

• Journal of Distribution Research
• /
• v.4 no.3
• /
• pp.1-22
• /
• 2000

Many foreign freight forwarders make inroads into domestic markets. Korean freight forwarders are not competitive on th domestic logistics area because of higher customer services by foreign freight forwarders in Korea. The purpose of this research is to analyze degree of satisfaction on customer services attributes of freight forwarders in Korea, and to strengthen the competitiveness of customer services by Korea freight forwarders in contrast to foreign investment freight forwarders in Korea. The results of the research could be summarized as follows.: When freight forwarders are selected, the most important customer service attributes have been ranked in order with 'the accuracy management of shipping order' , the reasonable offers of freight rate' and 'the quick arrangement of vessels' when freight forwarders are selected.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
• /
• 2019.11a
• /
• pp.187-188
• /
• 2019

중개 시장의 이해와 해외 해운 중개업체의 국내 시장 직접 진출에 따른 영향을 분석하고, 국내 해운중개 시장에서 경쟁력 있는 전문 중개인을 육성하고 국내 중개업의 경쟁력을 향상 시켜 국내 중개산업의 발전을 도모하는 데 그 목적을 둠.

• International Commerce and Information Review
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.145-161
• /
• 2014

The study has try to find out the relationship between airfreight service quality and satisfaction in international forwarding practice which has focused to figure out the mediating role of performance that measured as subjective evaluation on profit. For the purpose of this paper, questionnaire survey has been performed on the relationship among the procedure of the air freight service quality was found to have not only direct influence but also indirect impact through performance on satisfaction. This research made some contribution both academicals and logistic practices. Academically, it is the first research to address the relationship between air freight service quality and profit performance in Korean academic field. Practically, this study provides justification for the investment to improve forwarding service quality. The results of this study bear some implications on international shipping and practice. The quality of the air cargo transportation management system for customer satisfaction and its impact on business performance in the process to make an empirical identifies. The role and influence of the working-level analysis to derive the performance as transportation management, as well as the effectiveness of customer satisfaction for quality and promote a point. Arrange this point take advantage of air cargo companies are composed of service quality management system for the dimension of course aims to foster a competitive advantage in terms of performance. This paper suggest that real-time movement of the consignment route provides information such as verification and business cooperation for the purpose of proper features a reflecting on the stability of cargo air freight management system, that improve the quality of services on this performance to increase the customer satisfaction strategy in connected getting and so on, is in the process of the formation of customer satisfaction.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.13 no.5
• /
• pp.173-181
• /
• 2013

This paper proposes a heuristic optimal solution of multicommodity transportation problem. The proposed algorithm has 3 steps. First the proposed algorithm transforms multicommodity transshipment problem to a general transportation problem, but if the problem is a multicommodity transportation problem, it is not transformed. And the multicommodity is disassembled to a single commodity. Second if it is a multicommodity transportation problem, the algorithm selects the minimum cost according to commodity, on the other hand if it is a multicommodity transshipment problem, the algorithm directly selects the minimum cost based on demand area. And the algorithm assigns carloadings to be satisfied the supply and demand quantity. The algorithm repeats these processes until a given demand quantity is satisfied. Last if it has a condition that is able to reduce the transportation expense, the proposed algorithm controls the assignment quantity of the initial value that got from the step 2. The proposed algorithm was applied to two multicommodity transportation problem and three multicommodity transshipment problem and it got more good result than an existing linear programming method.

• Bulletin of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
• /
• v.32 no.5
• /
• pp.19-26
• /
• 1995

표면효과익선(WIG : Wing-In-Ground Effect Ship)은 해면 위를 낮게 비행함으로써 표면효과에 의한 양력 증가를 얻게 되어 초고속으로 운행할 수 있는 선박과 항공기의 중간형태의 차세대 해상운송 수단이다. 해면 위에 직접 이.착륙이 가능하기 때문에 별도의 활주로가 필요 없으며 수륙양용으로 사용 가능하다. 연근해 도서지방 관광 및 신선도 유지가 필수적인 신속화물의 수 송에도 사용될 수 있으며 해난사고 구난 및 해양 경비용으로도 사용가능한 해상 운송수단이다. 본 고에서는 표면효과익선의 특징을 간략히 살펴보고 21세기 고속해상운송수단으로 사용될 가 능성에 대한 경제성 검토 및 핵심애로기술을 살펴보았으며 러시아 표면효과익선의 발달과정과 개발된 선종의 특징을 조사하였다.