• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.7-16
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• 2012

Combustion Toxic Effects among several factors of risk encountered during fire are important in the evacuation and final survival, and they are broader and fatal than the direct damages caused by flame. Most studies on fire toxicity until the present are limited to fatality, mainly deaths by fire through pathological research. In this study, it is conducted as a fundamental experiment to address 3 principles of animal experiment and to provide an alternative test to animal testing that is regulated by national building codes and it was conducted through approval by the animal testing ethics committee. Hence, in this study average time of activity stop was measured after directly inhaling toxic gases (HCN) to laboratory animals (mice) through gas toxicity test (KS F 2271) for major asphyxiating gases(HCN) which are produced during fire combustion. effects of Combustion toxic gases on body were quantitatively analyzed through changes in internal organs and hematological analysis, and electrophoresis of a single cell of these laboratory animals. Biological conclusion of combustion toxicology is drawn through approaches (pathological examination, blood test, blood biochemical test, electrophoresis analysis of single cell) which could not confirmed in existing gas toxicity test.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.76-88
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• 2020

Since the pre-existing music itself used in has no direct relation to the film, it raises the question of whether it was properly utilized as film music. The purpose of this paper is to clarify that 's 20th century modern music effectively fulfills the role of film music through iconicity with images. This study approached the similarity between the character of fear and the form of music through Hanslick's formal aesthetics to discuss the use of 20th century modern music in the horror film. The formal characteristics of music are observed in the movement of notes, which are similar to the fearful state of mind mentioned by Heidegger. In the analysis, the stagnant movement and the continuity of notes, the special playing method of the musical instrument, the unspecified trembling of the clustered notes, the melody of the weak intensity in the high-pitched range, the smash of percussions, and the progression of the notes that deviate from the center confirms the aptitude of 20th century modern music in the horror film. The fact that this study did not simply rely on the emotions represented in the 20th century modern music, but thoroughly caught the movements of the notes, has great significance in the research of film .

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.851-861
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• 2002

In this paper, two modes of thought are assumed, which are known as the paradigmatic and the narrative mode of thought by Bruner(1985; 1986). The former leads to well-formed argument, but the latter to good story; each providing distinctive ways of ordering experience, of constructing reality. Though the two are complementary, but not reducible to one another. However modern schooling has focused on the paradigmatic mode. It has come to its peak in science education. Recently some educators began to gaze at the narrative mode in other humanities, but not science. Narrative is commonly considered to be foreign to science. But many scientists are convinced that modern science depends on speculation much more than observation. The speculation is conducted by intrapersonal or interpersonal narrative, which was called "science-making" by Bruner(1996). The purpose of this paper is to introduce the narrative mode of thought compared to paradigmatic mode as the new concepts and to discuss its implications on the science education. Three implications will be suggested. The first holds that science class should improve student's narrative sensibility throughout the live science-making. The second holds that the narrative mode of thought should be used with the support of the paradigmatic mode in science classroom. Exactly narrative interpretations are adjuncts to scientific explanations. The third holds that the evaluation method should be developed for the narrative work in science education.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.164-180
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• 2011

In this study, pre-service elementary teachers (n=68) participated in an inquiry of exploring children's science ideas as group work. After conducting interviews with children, the pre-service teachers analyzed their science ideas on specific concept and propose a teaching plan based on their findings. This paper aimed to find the positive learning experiences of the pre-service teachers by looking into their inquiry process. Questionnaire, researcher's journal, classroom videos and final reports were collected and analyzed for this multiple case study. Four representative groups were chosen and interviewed after submitting their final reports for in-depth understanding of their inquiry process. The positive learning experiences found in the process of their inquiry into children's science ideas were as follows: (1) exploring children's ideas have brought the opportunity for enhancing pre-service teachers' science content knowledge. (2) the pre-service teachers developed their ability in creating questions that probe into children's understanding. (3) the pre-service teachers recognized that children have various incomplete and unstable science ideas. (4) the pre-service teachers could suggest teaching strategy based on their findings.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.89-104
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• 2010

Recently, ubiquitous sensor network (USN) has been applied to many areas including environment monitoring. A few studies applied the USN to disaster prevention and emergency management, in particular, aiming to conserve cultural heritage. USN is an useful technology to do online real-time monitoring for the purpose of early detection of the fire which is a critical cause of damage and destruction of cultural heritages. It is necessary to online monitor the cultural heritages that human has a difficulty to access or their external appearance and beauty are important, by using the USN. However, there exists false warning from USN-based monitoring systems without human intervention. In this paper, we presented an alternative to resolve the problem by applying ontology. Our intelligent fire early detection systems for conserving cultural heritages are based on ontology and inference rules, and tested under laboratory environments.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.329-329
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• 2011

제방은 하천의 범람으로부터 제내지의 인명, 가옥, 재산, 각종 시설 등을 보호하고 유수의 원활한 소통을 유지하기 위해 하천을 따라 축조한 구조물로서 침식 피해를 방지하기 위해 호안을 설치하도록 규정하고 있다. 호안은 만곡부, 하천 급경사, 지형의 간섭효과 등에 의한 유수의 침입으로부터 제방 및 하안을 직접 보호하기 위해 제방 앞비탈에 설치되는 구조물을 의미한다. 따라서 호안의 안정은 곧 제체의 안정과 직결되는 요소라 할 수 있다. 호안의 안정성은 역학적인 측면에서 외력과 저항력의 크기에 따라 평가할 수 있다. 국내 실무에서 적용되고 있는 호안설계 방법은 하천설계기준 해설(2009)에 제시되어 있으며, 경험과 이론의 양면을 고려하여 설계를 수행하도록 하고 있다. 이로 인해 호안 안정성에 대한 역학적인 검토 방법의 한계 때문에 과대 또는 과소 설계의 우려가 있다. 따라서 호안설계시 유속 및 소류력의 크기에 따른 정량적 평가기법이 요구되는 상황이다. 본 연구에서는 호안의 정량적인 설계기법 개발을 위하여 수리실험을 통해 유속증가로 인한 호안재료의 이탈현상을 재현하였다. 실험수로는 폭 2 m, 길이 25 m, 수로경사 1/300의 직선수로 형태이며 우안의 1:2 경사면에 다양한 크기의 사석과 블록을 차례로 설치하여 실험을 수행하였다. 수리실험은 다른 하상변동 요인이 제한된 고정상으로 수행되었으며 정상류 흐름조건에서 유량을 변화시키며 유속변화 등 흐름현상에 의한 호안재료 이탈을 관찰하였다. 실험결과를 바탕으로 호안설계시 1차원 접근유속을 대표유속으로 적용하는 방법의 특성을 파악하고, 호안재료의 이탈유속과 흐름특성간의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 또한, 호안설계시 입력자료로 사용될 수 있는 단면평균유속과 2차원적 국부유속과의 상관관계를 파악하여 호안의 정량적 설계기법에 활용될 제원결정 경험식을 제안하였다.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.228-233
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• 2022

Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are rare congenital anomalies characterized by direct communication between arteries and veins that bypass the capillary bed. AVMs may not manifest clinically until late infancy or childhood. In particular, facial AVMs can cause urgent life-threatening dental events. A 5-year-old girl without a medical history visited the hospital because of spontaneous gingival bleeding around the posterior gingival area of the lower left 2nd primary molar. Angiography through the femoral approach under general anesthesia was performed for differential diagnosis and therapeutic option. The blood flow was effectively reduced after arterial embolization alone, and there was no evidence of recurrence at the 5-month follow-up. The present study reports that embolization of the affected vessels can be a more effective and safe method than surgical resection for the treatment of AVM during the growth period.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.222-230
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• 2016

HEMIRE is a 6,000-meter-class remotely operated vehicle (ROV) that has been developed for observation and sampling of objects of interest on the deep seabed. We first carried out deep-seabed exploration around the slopes of the Hupo Bank and the Ulleung Basin in the East Sea in June 2015. Over two weeks, a total of 10 dives were made from a support ship, the R/V Onnuri, at eight stations with water depth ranging between 194 and 2,080 m. The dive times ranged from 1 to 6 hours, depending on the operating conditions. We obtained the following results: 1) video images of the deep seafloor; 2) red snow crab density data (a major fishery resource) and inventories of deep-sea fauna, including an unrecorded organism; 3) specific topographies such as canyons slopes; 4) an undisturbed sediment core obtained using a push corer; and 5) observations of the seabed surface covered with discarded anthropogenic waste material.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.1-40
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• 2019

Built upon ethnographic method such as participant observation and in-depth interview, this study analyzes the material culture of electronic flower auctions at Yangjae Flower Market. From the viewpoint of Actor-Network Theory(ANT), this research examines how human actors like dealers and auctioneers interact with nonhuman actors such as market devices and these interactions form networks called "agencement." This research is focused on three main objectives: first, to study how the performance of auctions - i.e. the interactions between auctioneers and dealers - change in the wake of new market devices in the auctions; secondly, to look into what changes artifacts bring to the social relationships between auctioneers and dealers; lastly, to analyze the influence of new market devices on auction price in the market. The results of this research are as follows. First, the appearance of new market devices generates changes in the performance of auctions, which means the change of 'agencement' of flower auctions. Direct interactions between auctioneers and dealers turned into indirect interactions through new market devices. Moreover, the changes in the agencement brought changes to the identity of auctioneers and dealers. Secondly, the new agencement caused by the inflow of new market devices formed the trust between the devices and human actors, which gave rise to the trust in electronic auction and in counterpart actors as well. In addition, new market devices lowered direct interactions between auctioneers and dealers and thus made more equal relationships between the two than before. Lastly, market devices like trading screen reduced the leverage of auctioneers by providing dealers with bidding information previously possessed by auctioneers much openly and dealers were able to decide auction prices in more reasonable and dispassionate manner. Economic agency, power, trust, price, and information in the market is material and sensory.

• Korean Association of Arts Management
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• no.56
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• pp.5-38
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• 2020

This study begins with the question of how culture-based communities can form a community culture and become a community of sustainable development. Based on the concept of community, community development factors and stage of development, cultural activities, and policy implementation theory, policy execution analysis models suitable for culture-based community projects were derived. A qualitative case study method was adopted as a research method, and success stories of culture-based village communities were selected as the 'Gamgol Community' in Sadong, Ansan, 'Sangdong Community' in Daebu-dong, Ansan, and 'Grimae Village' in Sinse-dong, Andong. Through in-depth interviews, literature analysis, and direct observation, the research analysis used pattern matching, explanation, chronicle analysis, and case integration analysis methods presented by Yin (2009). As a result of the study, first, the characteristics of the policy implementation strategy were taking place in the process of step-by-step development. The main factors in the community development phase were the improvement of community consciousness through the emotional change of participants and the change of capacity within the community. Second, it was understood that cultural activities played a major role in strengthening community consciousness and community capacity, and could be understood as various creative activities. Based on the ecological approach study on culture-based community, this study derived the policy execution analysis model, analyzed the case of culture-based village community, presented the direction of development of community and presented practical implications.