• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.32 no.5
• /
• pp.537-541
• /
• 1999

Fish heads of the main by-product is fishery processing were treated to extract nutrients by heating the fish heads with 1.5 or 3.0 times added water during 9, 12 or 15 hours. The yield, chemical compositions and physical properties of the hydrothermal extracts were studied. The yield was increased with the amount of water added and the extracting hours. The extract contained about $80\%$ protein in solid basis, but has no lipid. In essential amino acid, glutamic acid was most abundant and Iysine was abundant. In free amino acid, $\delta$-hydroxylysine and L-histidine in Cypyrinus carpio linnaeus had 5 times more than those in Onchorhynchus keta, The solution of the extracts was known as Newtonian fluid and the color of the extracts showed lower whiteness, higher redness and higher yellowness.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.30 no.5
• /
• pp.943-948
• /
• 2001

Green mustard leves were found to effectively prevent lipid peroxidation of bovine-brain tissue by ascor-bate/Fe system, The 50% methanol extracts mustard leaves were separated into four solvent faction using n-hexane,. EtOAc, n-BiOH and water. Then n-BiOH fraction exclusively exhibited the antioxidative activities at concentration above 100 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mL/ The n-BuOH fraction was further isolated to a single compound using TLC analysis and silica gel chromatography. The active antiodidative compounds were identified as sinapic acid methyl ester and ferulic acid methyl ester by $^{1}$H-NMR and $^{13}$ C-NMR, The sinapic acid methyl ester and ferulic acid methyl ester were prepared by methylating of sinapic acid and ferulic acid with diazomethane. The results strongly suggested that sinapic acid and ferulic acid could be emplyed as a potential antioxiative agents for preventing the bovine brain lipid peroxidation. lipid peroxidation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.33 no.5
• /
• pp.815-820
• /
• 2004

The effect of capsaicin (0.02%) on the concentrations of liver and serum lipids, GOT and GPT activities, and hepatocyte morphology in male Sprague Dawley rats fed diets with or without erotic acid (1.0%) for 28 days was studied. Liver triglyceride concentration was increased by approximately 4.7-fold after erotic acid-feeding, wherease simultaneous feeding of capsaicin and erotic acid reduced its concentration by 38%. Orotic acidfeeding elevated liver cholesterol concentration, but an addition of capsaicin to the erotic acid diet resulted in the significant decrease in liver cholesterol. Capsaicin alone did not affect the liver triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations. Reduction of the serum concentrations of triglyceride and cholesterol by capsaicin was also observed in rats fed diets with erotic acid. The serum GOT and GPT activities were not significantly different among the experimental groups. Liver tissue morphology showed that the hepatocytes of erotic acid-feeding rats were a typical fatty liver with numerous fat droplets, whereas simultaneous feeding of capsaicin with erotic acid reduced the size and numbers of fat droplets. The present study demonstrated that the diet containing 0.02% capsaicin can prevent the erotic acid-induced fatty liver.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2019.05a
• /
• pp.221-221
• /
• 2019

기후변화로 인한 가뭄대비가 상시체제가 된 요즈음, 농업용수의 안정적인 공급을 위하여 가뭄 등의 비상시 지표수는 물론이고 지하수의 공급 가능량에 대해서도 국가적 관리가 필요한 실정이다. 지하수관리를 위해 국가 최상위 계획인'지하수관리기본계획(2012~2021)'이 수립되었고, 지하수의 장기적인 수량, 수질 관리를 위해 국가지하수관측망, 지역지하수관측망(보조지하수관측망), 수질측정망, 해수침투관측망 등 광역과 지역단위로 크게 나누어 지하수관측이 이루어지고 있다. 국가지하수관측망은 지하수법에 의거하여 전국의 주요지점(2016년 말 기준 412개소)에 관측소를 설치하여 수위 및 수질의 변동실태를 광역적으로 분석함이 목적이며, 보조지하수관측망은 국가지하수관측망과 연계하고 보완하기 위한 기능으로서, 지역별 주요 관측지점의 수위, 수질자료를 획득하며, 2018년 9월 현재 3,429개소가 설치되어있다. 본 연구에서는 지역지하수 관측망 중 경남밀양지역에 설치된 관측정 31개소에 대해 수위와 수질을 장기 분석하였다. 밀양지역의 보조지하수관측망 설치는 지하수관리계획의 하부계획인'경상남도 지하수관리계획(2015~2025)'에 의거 2012년에 6개소의 관측공이 설치를 시작으로, 2013년 7개소, 2014년 10개소, 2015년 8개소를 설치하여 총 31개소의 설치를 완료하였고, 2016년부터 2019년 현재까지 전체 관측정 31개소에 대하여 관측 운영 중이다. 본 연구에서는 2013년 1월~2019년 1월까지 지역의 누적강수량과 지하수위 및 수질변화를 관측하였다. 전 관측정에 대해 수위(GL.m), 수질(온도, EC)은 1시간 주기로 관측하였으며, 연 2회 생활용수 기준(19항목)의 수질검사를 실시하고, 지하수성분의 지질학적 기원분석을 위한 양음이온 분석을 연 1회 실시하였다. 관측정의 양수능력 변화관측을 위해 대수성 시험을 연 1회 실시하였고, 관측정의 특성상 장기간 미사용 관정이므로 최적의 상태유지를 위해 연1회 공내세척을 실시하였다. 또한, 관측정의 지형별 차이를 분석하기 위해 관측정의 설치위치를 산악, 강변, 기타 지역으로 구분하고, 각각의 대표관정에 대해 지형에 의한 서로 다른 영향을 분석하였고, 관측정의 심도별 변화를 알기위해 동일지역에 충적, 안반 관측정을 따로 설치하고 관측하여 지표수와 지하수의 심도별 영향의 차이를 분석하였다. 동일지역의 관측결과 평균 5m이하의 수위변화를 보이나, 5m 이상의 수위변동을 보이는 관측망은 15년 14개소 17년 19개소로 증가추세를 보이며, 이는 주로 밀집된 시설하우스 단지의 수막재배를 위한 겨울철 지하수 사용량 증가가 원인인 것으로 판단된다. 밀양지역은 강변지역에 밀집된 시설하우스단지의 동절기 수막재배를 위한 지하수 과다사용으로 수위급감 및 수량부족현상이 반복되고 있어, 예방과 대책강구를 위해 지표수의 함양과 지하수사용량의 상관관계 분석과 자료축적 및 추가연구를 위한 장기관측이 요구된다.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
• /
• v.50 no.4
• /
• pp.501-510
• /
• 2018

This study examined the neurotoxicity induced by lead acetate (LA) on cultured C6 glioma cells and the protective effects of Euphorbiae humifusae L. (EH) extract against LA-induced cytotoxicity. In this study, LA exhibited neurotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner compared to the control, and was determined to be highly-toxic according to the toxic criteria. The $XTT_{50}$ value of LA was calculated at a concentration of $38.6{\mu}M$ after C6 glioma cells were incubated for 72 hours in the media containing $30{\sim}50{\mu}M$ of LA, respectively. In addition, LA-induced neurotoxicity was suggested to correlate with the level of oxidative stress because vitamin E, an antioxidant, increased the cell viability damaged by LA-induced cytotoxicity. The EH extract effectively prevented cell injury from LA-induced cytotoxicity via its antioxidative effects, such as inhibitory ability of lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase-like activity and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl-radical scavenging activity. These antioxidative effects may result in components, such as polyphenol or flavonoids including gallic acid or quercetin. In conclusion, natural resources, such as EH extracts, may be a useful putative agent for the treatment of diseases associated with oxidative stress, such as lead neurotoxicity.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.52 no.4
• /
• pp.354-368
• /
• 2019

Purpose: This study evaluated the glycemic response of diets using estimated glycemic load (eGL), which had been developed for mixed meals for Korean adults, and examined its associations with cardiometabolic risk factors among Korean adults. Methods: A total of 4,655 men and 6,760 women aged 19 years and above were included from the 2013 ~ 2016 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. eGL was calculated by each meal (breakfast, lunch, dinner, and snack) and then summed to give daily total eGL. A multiple logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association. Results: Mean daily total eGL was 112.6 in men and 99.3 in women. Daily total eGL was positively associated with carbohydrate and fiber intakes, but negatively associated with protein and fat intakes in both men and women (p < 0.05 for all). Daily total eGL showed an inverse association with HDL-cholesterol level in both men and women (p = 0.0036 for men and p = 0.0008 for women). Men in the highest quintile of daily total eGL showed a 66% increased risk of hypercholesterolemia (OR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.10 ~ 2.50; p for trend = 0.0447) compared with those in the lowest quintile. Conclusion: These findings suggest that eGL based on carbohydrate, protein, fat and fiber intakes can reflect glycemic response and therefore can be used as an index for dietary planning, nutrition education and in the food industry.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
• /
• v.44 no.4
• /
• pp.447-453
• /
• 2018

Acetyl hexapeptide 8 (AH8) is a synthetic peptide for anti-wrinkle cosmetics ingredient. It was developed as a mimetic of botox, patternd after N -terminal end of the protein synatosomal-associated protein 25 (SNAP25), a substrate of botulinum toxin. While AH8 has good efficacy and safety profiles, the permeation through the skin is poor. Therefore, we tried to enhance the transdermal delivery of AH8 by using of hyaluonic acid (HA), a linear polysaccharide of N-acetyl glucosamine and glucuronic acid. To investigate the effect of HA on AH8 penetration, we analyzed paraffin sections of $Micropig^{(R)}$ skin. Fluorescence labeled AH8 was applied to micropig skin with or without HA. The absorption of AH8 was limited to the stratum corneum (SC) without HA. On the other hand, AH8 penetrated to the dermis with HA. Especially, low molecular weight HA (5 kDa) was most efficient compared to 500 kDa HA and 2000 kDa HA. Experiments using fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy revealed that lower molecular weight HA had a tendency to increase the fluidity of the SC lipids more, which means enhancing the skin penetration. Therefore, HA could be expected to enhance the anti-wrinkle effect of AH8.

• Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
• /
• v.31 no.4
• /
• pp.249-256
• /
• 2018

Seokrog and Seokcheong are traditional pigments that have been used as green and blue pigments in Korean traditional coloring heritage. Natural minerals such as malachite and azurite are known as raw materials. Seokrog and Seokcheong are mainly imported from aborad, such as China and Japan, and some blue pigments are reported to have been produced domestically. However, considering the geologic environment where carbonate minerals are difficult to produce, the possibility is not high. Malachite and azurite ores were purchased and analyzed for their composition. The pigments were manufactured by traditional procedure and analyzed to characterize the pigments. The Seokrog pigments had an $L^*$ value of about 59-83, an $a^*$ value of less than -20, and a slightly higher saturation than commercial products. The oil absorption was 22-29 mL/100 g, showing excellent opacity of 99.2 % or more. In the case of Seokcheong pigment, the range of $L^*$ values was 35-65 and $b^*$ values were below -15, indicating relatively lower saturation than commercial products. The oil absorption was 21-26 mL/100 g, showing an excellent opacity of 99.1 % or more like the Seokrog pigment. Azurite ore contain impurities such as malachite and quartz in addition to azurite, and the impurities contained in the pigments derived from azurite ore likely influenced on the characteristics such as their color and oil absorption.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
• /
• v.45 no.4
• /
• pp.114-125
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study is to analysis chromaticity, granulometry, main chemical composition and mineral crystal structure of wall soils excavated from Poongnatoseong Earthen Castle using color reader, XRD, particla size analyzer. The analysed soils of Poongnatoseong Earthen Castle were yellowish brown and isabella. All samples were sands or sands including silty soil(SW~SC) and showed similar granulometry, chemical composition and mineral crystal structure, which were characteristics of construction materials suitable for modern road or airstrip. As resulting in comparison with 4 factors from chromaticity, granulometry, main chemical composition and mineral crystal structure, we decided that the control soils(PNS) near by Poongnatoseong Earthen Castle were not to be used for the castle wall construction We presumed that there was a huge soil distribution area for the wall construction around Poongnatoseong Earthen Castle. For further study, we will make a comparison analysis all kinds of soil characteristics. And then we can understand correctly about wall soils producing area, construction method, repair method and time of Poongnatoseong Earthen Castle.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
• /
• v.45 no.1
• /
• pp.102-121
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study is to verify homoteneity of soil and earthenwares and identify firing temperature of earthenwares excavated from Yeoncheon Hapsuri: two earthenwares of the New Stone Age(YCP-1, YCP-2); two of the Bronze Age(YCP-3, YCP-4); and four of the Three States Age(YCP-4~8). The comparative analysis of soil (YCRM) and the earthenwares displays that soil geochemical patterns were similar to YCP-1, YCP-3, YCP-5, YCP-6, YCP-7 and YCP-8. On the other hand, YCP-2 and YCP-4 did not show the similarity to the one of soil because they had been enriched with MgO by contained talc and chlorite. Based on the absorption rate, specific gravity, structural characteristics and XRD analysis, firing temperature has been estimated: for YCP-7 and YCP-8 was $870^{\circ}C$ or over; for YCP-2 and YCP-4 $800^{\circ}C$ or below; and for YCP-1, YCP-3, YCP-5 and YCP-6 between 800 and $870^{\circ}C$. Mineralogical analysis displays that the geochemical pattern of the soil is coincide with the one around Yeoncheon Hapsuri site, which also shows similarity to the one of earthenwares. Such result persuades that the excavated earthenwares were produced with the soils within the precinct of the archaeological sites.