• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.30 no.7
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• pp.824-833
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• 2009

We analyzed a total of six months of geomagnetic data obtained at Cheonyang observatory, which is operated by Korean Meteorological Administration, to monitor earthquake precursors. Geomagnetic transfer functions (GTFs) and polarization values, which reflect the time-variations of the resistivity of subsurface, were estimated from 3-component geomagnetic data. The time-variant fluctuations were compared with the earthquake events occurred in the same period. Now that the daily GTFs show fairly irregular variations, we can not identify any correlation with the already occurred earthquakes and Kp index. On the other hand, we detect clear increases of the Ultra-Low-Frequency (ULF) band polarization values before the earthquakes, but the similar features are also observed even though the earthquake did not occur. This result may indicate that these time-variations are not just due to the earthquake precursor. For further understanding about these results, we need to investigate the relationship between the previous earthquake events and the geomagnetic data of other observatories.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.25 no.7
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• pp.604-614
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• 2004

Using three-components geomagnetic data from a permanent geomagnetic observatory in Icheon, we have computed the power spectrum of each geomagnetic component, amplitude, phase and estimation error of transfer function for each day in the 6 months period July 2002${\sim}$December 2002. The temporal variation of power spectrum have random appearances with repeating relative strong and weak magnitude, which is considered as solar activities. However, there is no clear long-term trend. In the case of amplitude, phase and error of transfer function, even though there are some random patterns over the periods of 1000 s and under 100 s, they seem to be comparatively stable without manifest temporal changes. Futhermore, we have estimated electrical field by assuming P$_{1}\;^{0}$ spherical harmonics and then calculated the approximated apparent resistivity for each day. As a result, the variations of resistivity depend on the temporal magnitude of spectral power in horizontal magnetic fields rather than hydrological changes in near surface.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.38 no.2 s.171
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• pp.155-163
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• 2005

For an unbiased TF (Tansfer Function) estimations we investigate geomagnetic TF derived from ICHEON and YONGIN sites, employing RR (Remote Reference) and SNS (Signal Noise Separation) techniques. The Rh technique, which requires synchronized field variations recorded at a clean remote site, is a reliable method to minimize the bias of TF by uncorrelated noises in magnetic channels. Meanwhile, SNS technique based on the assumption of noise-free remote data can improve the signal-noise level by separating signal TF and noise TF, which is successfully applied to the environments with strong correlated noises. In this study, TF at YONGIN is analyzed using geomagnetic data from ICHEON site as a remote reference, which seem to have somewhat better data quality. The application of Rh technique reduces the bias of TF, which appears in single site robust estimation, and makes curves in the amplitude and phase of TF more smooth as frequency. Futhermore, in order to investigate noise source quantitatively, SNS technique is applied. The results of SNS suggest that dominant noise source seems to be located at western region of YONGIN. This noise source is considered to originate from railway system such as KTX and national subway. which passes through the west regions of YONGIN.

• Journal of the Korean Geophysical Society
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.131-142
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• 2002

Geomagnetic transfer function is generally estimated by choosing transfer to minimize the square sum of differences between observed values. If the error structure sccords to the Gaussian distribution, standard least square(LS) can be the estimation. However, for non-Gaussian error distribution, the LS estimation can be severely biased and distorted. In this paper, the Gaussian error assumption was tested by Q-Q(Quantile-Quantile) plot which provided information of real error structure. Therefore, robust estimation such as regression M-estimate that does not allow a few bad points to dominate the estimate was applied for error structure with non-Gaussian distribution. The results indicate that the performance of robust estimation is similar to the one of LS estimation for Gaussian error distribution, whereas the robust estimation yields more reliable and smooth transfer function estimates than standard LS for non-Gaussian error distribution.

• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.06a
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• pp.103-113
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• 2004

We investigate the time-variational characteristics of power spectrum and transfer function of geomagnetic field by robust estimation technique. In the case of power spectrums of geomagnetic field, there are some the periodic fluctuations related with solar activity, Meanwhile, the geomagnetic transfer function shows so considerable weak time-variational fluctuation that the estimations of transfer function seem to be comparatively stable in time-variant view.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.10-19
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• 2018

In this paper, a new high-frequency equivalent circuit model of printed spiral coils (PSCs) for radio-frequency interference (RFI) measurement has been proposed. To achieve high-frequency modeling, the proposed model consists of distributed components designed based on the design parameters of the PSCs. In addition, an analytic model for PSCs based on T-pi conversion has been proposed. To investigate the feasibility of the proposed model for RFI measurement, the transfer function between a microstrip line and a PSC has been extracted by combining the proposed model and mutual inductance. The self-impedances of the proposed model and the transfer function have been successfully validated using three-dimensional field simulation and measurements, revealing noticeable correlations up to a frequency of 6 GHz. The proposed model can be employed for high-frequency probe design and RFI noise estimation in the gigahertz range wireless communication bands.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.14-20
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• 1999

This paper presents a design techniques for an electronic ballast of HID lamps. An electronic ballast for HID lamps usually employs a high-frequeocy resonant inverter and voltage-to-frequency converter to control the outpIt and a half-bridge and series resonant circuit are chosen for the ballast First, to design PI controller, the inverter with V/F converter is modeled with a transfer function and the controller PI gains are determined. This paper shows that an integral controller is only needed to control the current. Second, a se1f-feedback controller is proposed. This structure, simple and robust, is analyzed and a feedback gain is determined by using the inverter model. Experirrental system is built with a commercial 250W high pressure sodium lamp and the results show a validity of the proposed ballast and the total efficiency is increased by 5%.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.67-79
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• 1982

The stability of general pulse-width modulation system with Gaussian random disturbance was discussed . General system is divided into nonlinear and linear elements using the conventional describing function method. The concept of the equivalent admittance was used to find the transfer characteristic of the nonlinear element of the system. In this paper the self-sustained oscillation condition in the autonomous system was derived and the results was analyzed with computer simulation.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.30-37
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• 2015

The study for enhancing the data transmission rate of the next generation wireless communication system using MIMO system operating in the frequency selective fading environment is currently actively conducted. Mixed signal from each transmitted antennas are received at antennas. The training signal with orthogonal property is needed to separate the mixed signal and enable to estimate channel and time synchronization. In this paper we introduce several training sequences used in MIMO communication system and proposed the modified WeCAN sequence with good auto-correlation property in interested area. We compared auto-correlation property of each sequence via simulation and compared the performance of sequences in doppler shift and multipath fading channel.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.146-152
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• 2013

In this paper, we have proposed and experimentally demonstrated an intensity-based self-referencing fiber optic sensor. The proposed fiber optic sensor consists of a broadband light source (BLS), fiber Bragg grating (FBG), tunable Fabry-Perot (F-P) filter, and LabVIEW program. We define the measurement parameter (X) and the calibration parameter (${\beta}$) to determine the transfer function(H) of the self-referencing fiber optic sensor, and the validity of the theoretical analysis is confirmed by experiments. The self-referencing characteristic for the proposed system has been validated by showing that the measurement parameter (X) is invariant for BLS optical power attenuations of 0 dB, 3 dB, and 6 dB. Also, the measured result is irrelevant to the FBGs with different characteristics. This means that the proposed fiber optic sensor offers the flexibility for determining the FBGs needed for implementation. Experimental results for the proposed fiber optic sensor are in good agreement with a theoretical analysis for BLS optical power attenuations and for three FBG pairs with different characteristics. So, the proposed fiber optic sensor has several benefits, including the self-referencing characteristic and the flexibility to determine the FBGs.