• The Science & Technology
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• v.28 no.8 s.315
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• pp.75-79
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• 1995

최근 미국의 생명공학 기업인 암젠사가 이른바 "비만유전자(OB gene)"의 독점 사용권계약을 맺기위한 보너스로 이 유전자 발견자와 기관에게 2천만달러 (약1백60억원)라는 거액을 선뜻 지불하여 큰 화제가 되고 있다. 미국 록펠러대학 하워드 휴즈의학연구소의 분자유전학자 제프리 프리드만(Jefferey Friedman)과 그의 동료과학자들이 1994년 말 발견,복제에 성공한 쥐의 "비만증 유전자"는 돌연변이를 할때 쥐에게 심각한 유전적 비만증을 일으킨다는 사실이 드러났다. 이들은 다시 인간에게서도 이와 비슷한 유전자를 발견했는데 만약에 쥐의 경우와 같은 작용을 한다면 미국 인구의 3분의 1을 포함하여 전세계의 1억이 훨씬 넘는 비만증 환자들을 쉽게 치료할 수 있는 길이 열릴 수 있다고 암젠사는 기대하고 있다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.5 no.6
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• pp.546-551
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• 2004

Effect of fried beancurd containing powered green tea on the serum lipid metabolism in rats were investigated. HPLC analysis of green tea-fried beancurd showed that epigallocatechin, epicatechin, epicatechin gallate and epigallocatechin gallate were intact without degradation during manufacturing process. Serum HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride and glucose concentrations were measured in rats fed experimental diet containing green tea-fried beancurd. Serum LDL-cholesterol contents and blood glucose were significantly decreased with treatment of green tea-fried beancurd comparing to control.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.70-74
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• 1976

In order to study the mechanism of biosynthesis of thyroid hormones, radioactive iodine was injected into the rats and thyroid glands were removed. Iodine compounds hydrolyzed by pancreatin viokase were separated by paper chromatography and analyzed by radioautography. Radioautograms showed that the uptake of iodine starts immediately and forms diiodotyrosine through monoiodotyrosine. Evidence supported the possibility that diiodotyrosine is a precursor of thyrosine and triiodothyronine is a degradation product of thyroxine. The rat administered propylthiouracil showed inorganic iodine concentration activity, while the binding activity was prevented.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.165-172
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• 1990

The patterns of serum proteins in seven species of Korean rodents were analyzed by immunoprecipitin, immunodiffusion, and immunoelectrophoresis. It is found that the serum proteins of each species were different with one another and thatntigenic divergence among the seven species seems to be enormous , ie., serological correspondence ranged from 99.6 in Rattus norvegicus caraco(suborder Myomorpha) to 2.7 in Tamias sibircus asiaticus (suborder sciuromorpha). In the six species of the family Muridae (Suborder Myomorpha), the lowest value of 8.2 was shown in Clethrionmys rufocanus regulus (Subfamily Microtinae).

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.3
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• pp.174-180
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• 1985

This study is designed to evaluate serum free unsaturated fatty acid, phospholipid, creatinine and prostaglandin concentrations to provide normal values for physiological barometers and preliminary information related to these chemical components on the stages of pregnancy and parturition in female rats. Forty female rats are devided into 8 groups. One control group contains 5 intact, nonpregnant female rats and the other 5 pregnancy groups contains each of 5 pregnant rats which are 9, 12, 15, 18 and 21days after pregnancy. The remaining 2 parturition groups contain each of 5 postparturient rats which are 12 and 36 hours after parturition. The results obtained are as follows ; 1. The mean concentrations of free unsaturated fatty acid in serum of the female rats ranges from 6.47 to 8.22 mg/dl. The level of pregnancy group that is 21 days being lower. 2. The mean concentrations of phospholipid in serum of the female rats ranges from 86 to 105 mg/dl. There is no marked difference between all of these groups, especially the levels of 12 days after pregnancy group and 36 hours after parturition group are lower than those of other groups. 3. The mean concentrations of crecatinine in serum of the female rats ranges from 0.64 to 0.84 mg/dl. There is no marked difference between all of 8 groups and the levels of 21 days after pregnancy group are higher than those of other groups. 4. The mean concentrations of prostaglandin in blood of the female rats rarges from 324 to $1208pg/m{\ell}$ and increases from $736pg/m{\ell}$ (18 days after pregnancy) to maximal levels of $1208pg/m{\ell}$ immediately after parturition. and then decreased progressively. Especially, each mean concentration of prostaglandin on 9, 12, or 15 days after pregnancy and mean concentrations of 5 pregnant groups are lower than those of nonpregnant female rats. 5. It is suggested that serum concentrations of free unsaturated fatty acid, phospholipid and creatinine in female rats are not related to the stages of pregnancy and parturition but prostaglandin concentrations influence the initiation of parturition in this species.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.95-101
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• 2008

In this study, we observed the alteration of choline signal intensity in hippocampus region of the depressive rat model induced by forced swimming test (FST). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antidepressant efficacy in the depressive animal model using MR spectroscopy. Fourteen experimentally naive male Sprague-Dawley rats weighting $160{\sim}180\;g$ were used as subjects. Drug injection group was exposed to the FST except for control group. The drugs were administered subcutaneously (SC) in a volume equivalent to 2ml/kg. And three injections were administered 23, 5, and 1h before beginning the given test. 1H MR spectra were obtained with use of a point resolved spectroscopy (PRESS) localization sequence performed according to the following parameters: repetition time, 2500 ms; echo time, 144 ms; 512 average; 2048 complex data points; voxel dimensions, $1.5{\times}2.5{\times}2.5\;mm^3$ ; acquisition time, 25min. There were no differences in NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr ratio between the right and the left hippocampus both normal control rats and antidepressant-injected rats. Also, no differences were observed in NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr ratio between the normal control rats and the antidepressant-injected rats both the right and the left hippocampus. In this study, we found the recovery of choline signals in the depressive animal model similar to normal control groups as injecting desipramine-HCl which was antidepressant causing anti-immobility effects. Thus, we demonstrated that MR spectroscopy was able to aid in evaluating the antidepressant effect of desipramine-HCl.

• The Journal of Korean society of community based occupational therapy
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.23-31
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• 2019

Objective : The purpose of this study is to repeatedly conduct task-oriented training in scopolamine-induced dementia rats and as a result observe changes in the content of acetylcholine, a marker of cognitive function and central nervous system plasticity, to identify the improvement effect of dementia. Methods : It consisted of two groups. One group I was that did not perform task-oriented training in scopolamine-induced dementia rats and the other group II was that performed task-oriented training. Task-oriented training involved stretching, grasping and moving arms and walking obstacles on the legs. We performed a quantified passive avoidance test in the measurement of memory for cognitive function and compared the change in the content of acetylcholine for the plasticity of the central nervous system. Results : The results of the study are as follows: First, there was a significant improvement in cognitive function since the 4th days after task-oriented training of scopolamine-induced dementia rats(.00). Second, task-oriented training applied to scopolamine-induced dementia rats showed a significant increase in acetylcholine content. Conclusion : In this study, task-oriented training, which is often performed on senile dementia patients during occupational therapy intervention, was scientifically demonstrated in scopolamine-induced dementia rats by enhancement of cognitive function through memory improvement and increase in the content of acetylcholine confirming central nervous system plasticity.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.30 no.6 s.83
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• pp.713-721
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• 2000

Bone cells produce multiple growth factors and cytokines that have effects on bone metabolism and can be incorporated into the bone matrix. The present study was designed to extend these observations by examining the interactions between transforming growth factor-$\beta$(TGF-$\beta$) or interleukin-$1\beta$(rhIL-$1\beta$) and bone cells in a rat long bone culture model. IL-$1\beta$ regulates several activities of the osteoblast cells derived from rat long bone explants in vitro. IL-$1\beta$ stimulated cellular proliferation as well as the synthesis of prostaglandin $E_2$ and Plasminogen activator activity in the cultured cells in a dose-dependent manner. TGF-$\beta$ is present in the bone matrix and potentially released during bone resorption. TGF-$\beta$ reduced basal bone resorption and inhibited vitamin $D_3[1,25(OH)_2D_3]$-induced bone resorption in rat long bone cells. These results support the role of IL-$1\beta$ in the pathological modulation of bone cell metabolism, with regard to implication in the Pathogenesis of osteoporosis by IL-$1\beta$, and that TGF-$\beta$ positively inhibits the bone resorption.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.34 no.6 s.107
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• pp.506-513
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• 2004

Osteoclast action is necessary for alveolar bone remodeling in orthodontic tooth movement. The nervous system has also been reported to be associated with bone remodeling. This study was aimed to investigate the changes of osteoclasts in the periodontal ligament (PDL) space after surgical resection of the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN). Experimental rats were divided into young and adult groups. A surgical resection procedure of the IAN was carried out in the left side of the mandible and a sham operation in the right side of the mandible. The number of osteoclasts on the bundle bone surface and the resorption activity of the osteoclasts were histomorphometrically measured. The changes in distribution of substance P (SP) immunoreactive (IR) nerve fiber were evaluated in the PDL and pulp. SP-IR nerve fiber was depleted in both the PDL and pulp of the IAN resection side in both groups, which confirmed the resection of IAN to be successfully conducted. The number of osteoclasts in the IAN resection side was significantly reduced in both the young and adult groups (p<0.01 and p<0.05), whereas the resorption activity of osteoclasts did not show any significant difference between the IAN resection side and the sham operation side in both groups (p>0.05 and p<0.05). The adult group showed that the number of osteoclasts reduced significantly (p<0.01) and the resorption activity didn't change in comparison with the young group (p>0.05). These results suggest that surgical resection of the IAN and aging reduce the population of the recruited osteoclasts within the PDL, but don't affect on the osteoclastic resorption activity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.34-44
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• 1990

This paper describe on the target strengths for the dorsal and the side aspects of swimbladdered fishes, Mullet Mugil cephalus, Flounder Pleuronichthys cornutus and Rock trout Hexagrammos otakii two frequencies of 50KHz and 200KHz in the experimental water tank in order to improve the biomass estimation by the scientific fish finder. The results obtained are as follows: 1. The average of maximum target strength normalized by squared total length in cm unit are almost ranging from -70.9 dB to -66.8 dB regardless of species or frequencies. 2. The average of maximum target strength normalized by two-thirds squared body weight in g unit are almost ranging from -57.1 dB to -54.1 dB regardless of species or frequencies. 3. In comparison with target strength for 50KHz and 200KHz the former is more strong than the latter.