• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.3340-3353
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• 2009

This paper aims to study the effect of academia-industrial cooperation on the technical innovation of small and medium-sized companies. A survey was conducted on about 1,100 businesses located in the Sihwa-Banwol industrial estate to analyze the consequence of three factors of academia-industrial cooperation. the joint use of equipments, technological support of universities to businesses, and cooperative technological development through technical guidance-on entrepreneurial capability and their knowledge-absorption ability, and ultimately on their technological innovation,. The validity of the survey result was tested through the Structural Equation Model. On the basis of the comparison between companies which have participated in academy-industry cooperation and companies which have not, this paper suggests that venture businesses should take advantage of the cooperation with universities to boost their competitiveness. The analysis of the three individual factors of the academy-industry cooperation based on the Structural Equation Model shows that all of them have remarkable influence on entrepreneurial capability, but that they don't have as much impact on businesses' knowledge absorption ability. However, the outcome of technological innovation of businesses is primarily influenced by entrepreneurial capability rather than their knowledge absorption ability. The survey also shows that the three factors of the cooperation have an equal impact on the competitiveness of companies regardless of their business type or their products' growth stages. As the companies involved in academy industry cooperation outweigh other businesses, in terms of technological innovation, the numbers of new product development, and the numbers of their process improvement cases, this paper argues that new strategies should be taken for the businesses to fully take advantage of academy-industry cooperation.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.41 no.8
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• pp.754-766
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• 2008

This study was performed to evaluate the effect of nutrient intake levels on the relative risk of breast cancer in the Daegu and Gyeongbuk area. The case subjects were 103 patients newly diagnosed as breast cancer at Kyungpook National University Hospital. The control subjects were 159 healthy women without breast cancer-related disease in the same community selected by frequency matching of age and menopausal status. The survey was administered by individual interviews by trained dietitians using semiquantitative food frequency questionnaires. The odds ratios were determined by using unconditional logistic regression after adjusting for the confounding factors found in the analysis of general characteristics of the subjects. In overall, it has been found that high consumptions of energy and carbohydrates significantly raised the relative risk of breast cancer, and that high intakes of total fat, plant fat, dietary fiber, all kinds of fatty acids, vitamin E and calcium significantly lowered the risk of breast cancer. The results of the study suggest that the possible protective factors to the breast cancer risk include a higher intakes of total fat, especially plant fat, dietary fiber, and micronutrients such as vitamin E, folic acid, calcium, phosphorus and potassium. On the other hand, high intakes of energy and carbohydrate appeared to be the risk factors.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.62 no.3
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• pp.214-223
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• 2017

A total of 15 different corn hybrids, Kwangpyeongok, Gangdaok, Yanganok, Singwangok, Jangdaok, Cheonganok, Cheongdaok, Andaok, Dapyeongok, Pyeongkangok, Pyeonganok, Daanok, Sunwon 184, Gangilok, and P3394 was used to investigate the growth and yield depending on the sowing date. The sowing dates were April 5, June 25, and July 5 and each experiments was performed in triplicste. The growth of Gangdaok was the highest. However, although the growth of Kwangpyeongok, was lower thanthar of Gangdaok, its stem height to ear height ratio was lower than that of Gangdaok, thus, Kwangpyeongok may be more suitable for stable cultivation. Both growth and yield of Daanok were low, regardless of planting date, but yield and ear shape of Pyeongkangok and Dapyeongok were for fresh corn. Growth and yield of the 15 different corn hybrids varied depending on the planting date, However, the growth degree days (GDD) was the most important factor governing the maturity of corn. More than $1500^{\circ}C$ of GDD was sufficient to harvest mature corn hybrids in the central region of Korea. Besides yield and growth, other characteristics, such as sweetness and taste of the hybrids, should be investigated further the selection of the best corn hybrid.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.191-202
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of the disaster perception and satisfaction level of volunteer fire-fighters on the continuity of their volunteering. The 163 subjects in this study were selected from male and female volunteer fire-fighters who resided in urban and rural regions in Gangwon Province. After a this survey was conducted, the collected data were analyzed by a statistical package SPSS WIN 20.0, and frequency analysis, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were made. The level of statistical significance was all set at p<.05. The findings of the study were as follows: First, as for the correlation of disaster perception, satisfaction and volunteering continuity, perception of disaster countermeasures, satisfaction and the level of participation were negatively correlated with one another, and there was a positive correlation among disaster training, disaster preparation, regional disaster, the period of volunteering, and will of persistent volunteering. Second, as for perception of disaster, the volunteer fire-fighters were asked a question about disaster countermeasures, and the largest group replied they were partially aware of the countermeasures. Concerning questions about disaster training/education experience and triage, the biggest group replied they underwent the training and knew about triage on the whole. Regarding questions on the emergency contact system and emergency work schedule, they knew about the two in general. As to a question on the occurrence of human disaster, the greatest group answered that they knew about it yet not well. Third, in regard to the impact of satisfaction level on volunteering continuity, the period of volunteering was affected by needs for experience, social contact and social recognition among the subfactors of satisfaction level, and will of persistent volunteering was under the influence of social contact and achievement needs. The level of persistent volunteering was affected only by needs for experience and achievement needs.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.185-194
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• 2013

Microsatellite markers have been a useful genetic tool in determining diversity, relationships and individual discrimination studies of livestock. The level of genetic diversity, relationships among two Korean indigenous chicken brand populations (Woorimatdag: WR, Hanhyup3: HH) as well as two pure populations (White Leghorn: WL, Rhode Island Red: RIR) were analyzed, based on 26 MS markers. A total of 191 distinct alleles were observed across the four chicken populations, and 47 (24.6%) of these alleles were unique to only one population. The mean $H_{Exp}$ and PIC were estimated as 0.667 and 0.630. Nei's $D_A$ genetic distance and factorial correspondence analysis (FCA) showed that the four populations represented four distinct groups. However, the genetic distance between each Korean indigenous chicken brand (WR, HH) and the pure population (WL, RIR) were threefold that among the WR and HH. For the STRUCTURE analyses, the most appropriate number of clusters for modeling the data was determined to be three. The expected probabilities of identity among genotypes of random individuals (PI) were calculated as $1.17{\times}10^{-49}$ (All 26 markers) and $1.14{\times}10^{-15}$, $7.33{\times}10^{-20}$ (9, 12 with the highest PI value, respectively). The results indicated that the brand chicken breed traceability system employing the own highest PI value 9 to 12 markers, and might be applicable to individual identification of Korean indigenous chicken brand.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.33-37
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• 2009

Multiple ovulation and embryo transfer (MOET) has the potential to increase the rates of genetic improvement in cattle. Thus this study was performed to investigate several factors influencing in vivo embryo production in Holstein cattle under field conditions. The donors were superovulated with Folltropin-V and $PGF_2{\alpha}$ combination method. From Day 10 onward, donors were superovulated by i.m., twice daily, administration of 400mg Folltropin-V given in a series of decreasing doses over a 4-day period: on the first day, 3.5ml; on the second day, 3.0ml; on the third day, 2.0ml; and on the fourth day, 1.5ml (20ml in total, equivalent to 400mg of NIH-FSH-P1). Estrus was induced by i.m. administration of 25mg prostaglandin $F_2{\alpha}$ on the sixth and seventh of FSH treatment. Estrus detection was performed twice daily beginning 24h after the first prostaglandin $F_2{\alpha}$ injection. Donor cows were artificially inseminated 12 and 24 h after first standing estrus with semen from a proven Holstein sire. Embryos used in this study were recovered Day 7.5 of the cycle (Day 0: first standing estrus). From 195 superovulated dairy cows, 2,104 eggs were recovered, of which 1,172 were classified as transferable embryos based on morphological evaluation of quality. The results are summarized as follows: 1. The numbers of recovered and transferable embryos did not significantly differ among the capacity of milk production that were < 10,000kg/305days (group 1), $10,000{\sim}12,000\;kg$/305days (group 2) or > 12,000kg/305 days (group 3) (p>0.05, Table 1). 2. No differences in the numbers of recovered and transferable embryos were found among the donor's postparient days (p>0.05, Table 2). 3. Also, the numbers of recovered and transferable embryos of each superovulation seasons did not significantly differ among the four groups (p>0.05, Table 3).

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.412-416
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• 2011

Taste sensation plays a crucial role in selecting and ingesting foods with different qualities which convey information about their nutrient content and/or safety. Sweetness is one of the five modalities in humans and serves as an energy resource for metabolism. There are reports on allelic polymorphisms which influence perception of sweetness in mice and humans. Since the influence of genetic factors on taste disorder has not been studied, we investigated the association of genetic polymorphisms in TAS1R3 and guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha transducing 3 (GNAT3) genes and taste disorder. A total of 150 individuals composed of 50 patients with taste disorder and 100 healthy controls were recruited for the study and PCR-mediated directing sequencing method was used to genotype for two different single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) - rs307355 (T>C) and rs35744813 (T>C) in the TAS1R3 gene, and rs7792845 (T>C) and rs1524600 (C>T) in the the GNAT3 gene. The allele and genotype frequencies of rs307355 and rs35744813 in the TAS1R3 gene showed a significant association between patients with taste disorder (p=0.022 and p=0.013 in both of SNPs, respectively). In addition, the frequency of T-T haplotype in the TAS1R3 gene was higher in taste disorder cases than in the controls (OR, 1.93: 95%. CI, 1.09-3.39, p=0.022). In the GNAT3, the genotype frequency of rs7792845 in the patients was also different from the controls (p=0.048), but allele frequency was not significantly associated in either group. Our result provides the frequencies of SNPs and haplotypes of the TAS1R3 and GNAT3 genes for the fundamental information of nutrigenetics in perception of the taste of sweetness in the Korean population. Also, the study suggests that the allelic polymorphisms of TAS1R3 and GNAT3 genes may be useful as a molecular marker for evaluating patients with taste disorder. Further studies with large samples are required to clarify our observation.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.127-150
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• 2001

The upcoming century is a knowledge based society which did not exist before which requires creative ability to solve problems. Therefore, it is necessary to Provide a creative program of problem solution in order to match this global trend The creativity of problem solution means the ability to solve a problem using previous ideas in an advanced way or develop new ideas. Creative education is especially important for infants. Because the young mind is where fresh ideas preside and can frame-work the early stage of life like a blank sheet of paper. The Infant-Early Child Creative Development Institute. as an adhesive institute at Yeungjin College, develops various programs that integrate methods which match current trend in this era and also start the Creative Promotion Test with 2,000 Families for the expansion of creative education from the baseline as an alternative method. The infants tested in the creative test will find ways of problem solution through animation beam projects for their given situation and also discuss the problems with their family members. Through these processes the infant and family members will complete the creative structures to solve the problems using limited materials given by the institute, and the final product will be evaluated as objective results. The final evaluation of the test will also be considered the teamwork of family cooperation and the attitudes of participants as well as the product of problem solution. The criterion of the evaluation is to be considered both a creative way of thinking and creative attitudes. Because the score counts were conducted manually it delayed the selection of awarded students who took the test. Also, we found that some parents have difficulty in accessing information to find the score through homepage from the computer. this Problem might be corrected in the future plan. Like Freud's saying, if human character and exploring attitudes during the early stage of a child, a person's creativity is composed their infant period as their basic foundation. Therefore, the family wh first environment the infant encounters will be treated as a prima when making basic structure. From this viewpoint, this creative test work as a festival of creativity fare with 2,000 families.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.292-298
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• 1980

In order to improve the storage stability of powdered soybean curd, moisture sorption characteristics of the curd stored at specific relative humidity and temperature were investigated. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. When the fresh soybean curd (2cm thickness) was dried in a hot air drier at $55^{\circ}C$, it took 18 hrs to reduce its moisture content from 85% to 8.8%, and drying rate was very high during the first 5 hrs. 2. Equilibrum moisture content (E.M.C.) of powdered soybean curd by freeze drying was higher than that of sample by got air drying, but the particle size did not influence E. M. C. 3. The monolayer value of freeze dried powder of high E. M. C was higher than that of the hot air dried(8.30 vs 7.35). 4. The free energy for moisture absorption of freeze dried powder at 11% RH were 1285.1 cal/mole, 1323.5 cal/mole at $15^{\circ}C$ and $30^{\circ}C$, respectively, and the free energy of freeze dried product was lower that of hot air dried product. 5. The moisture sorption rate constant was not affected by particle size, and it showed that the moisture sorption rate decreased as temperature was increased. The rate constant of powder produced by freeze drying were 0.00804 at $15^{\circ}C$ and 0.00696 at $30^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.721-728
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• 2008

Hepcidin is a peptide hormone produced by the liver, of which secretion is closely related to iron status in the body. However, little is known about the molecular mechanism(s) by which this peptide regulates body iron homeostasis. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of hepcidin treatment within the physiological concentration range on the expressions of two different iron transporter proteins-ferroportin (FPN) and divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1). Differentiated Caco-2 intestinal cells and macrophage J774 cells were treated with either synthetic hepcidin or hepcidin-rich fraction separated from human urine at the concentration of 10 nM and 100 nM for 24 hours. Results show that hepcidin treatment in differentiated Caco-2 cells or in J774 cells did not change the level of either FPN mRNA or DMT1 mRNA. On the other hand, hepcidin treatment at the dose of 100 nM significantly decreased the FPN protein levels and DMT1 protein levels in differentiated Caco-2 cells. Similarly, urinary hepcidin treatment (10 nM & 100 nM) also significantly decreased the levels of FPN and DMT1 proteins in J774 macrophage cells. These results showed that hepcidin might play an important role in the regulation of iron homeostasis by lowering the protein levels of iron transporter FPN and DMT1 both in enterocytes and in macrophage cells.