• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.268-272
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• 2008

The effect of elicitor and precursor on salidroside production from Rhodiola sachalinensis A.Bor callus cultures was investigated. Callus cultures were treated with yeast extract, soft-ferrite ceramics powder, methyl jasmonate, ascorbic acid, jasmonic acid and $CuCl_2$/$CdCl_2$ as an elicitor. When callus cultures were treated with $0.2g/\ell$ of yeast extract, salidroside production from callus treated with yeast extract is 3.45 times higher than that of the controlled group. Among of them, callus cultures treated with yeast extract produced the highest salidroside. Callus cultures were treated with L-phenylalanine and L-tyrosine as a precursor for 4 days. The result of salidroside content analysis showed that all feeding of precursors not affected salidroside production from callus cultures. In case of L-tyrosine fed into callus cultures, both callus growth and salidroside production decreased at all concentrations.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.7
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• pp.3327-3333
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• 2011

The interest on the recovery of thermal energy using the industrial waste has been rising to solve the problems of continuous increase of waste generation and the depletion of the fossil fuel recently. To recovery from the waste among the new recyclable energies has been proved as the most favorable when the potential value of energy source is compared. The RDF made from the industrial waste has been approved as the most economical method. This research has analyzed the heavy metal components containing in the industrial waste. The concentration of Cl and S in the industrial waste generated in C-industrial complex are slightly high than that of the B- and A-industrial complex. The main components generated from A-industrial complex, B-industrial complex, and C-industrial complex are alumina-silicates, calcium alumina silicates, and the mixture of lime and calcium alumina silicate. These results could be used to reveal the origin of inorganic components in industrial waste and utilized as a basic data to improve the performance of the RDF as fuel.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2012

Since the cement industry is expected to face serious setbacks in the near future associated with environmental concerns. With the advent of new technologies and increased public awareness about global environmental issues, the cement industry is actively seeking to adopt new technologies as part of an effort to diversity its resources. This study is designed to assess the fundamental properties of zeolite cement concrete which consists mainly of natural zeolite, which is known for removal of and harmful gas, ion exchange capacity removing cation contaminant including heavy metals and ammonia, absorptive capacity and molecular sieving effect together with excellent insulation capacity as a porous material, and recently draws much attention for its possibility as an alternative material to cement. The study was conducted to show the compressive strength of concrete, slump, bleeding and air volume according to the changes of natural zeolite and alkali activator(NaOH). As a result of measuring the compressive strength of natural zeolite concrete, it was almost 40MPa and displayed similar to general concrete in the tests of slump, bleeding and air volume, with which it was considered that it may be used as a future high performance, high performance construction material.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.75-82
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• 2007

Washed wastewater generated from the intermittent cleaning process of the three tunnel sites located in the Seoul area showed high concentrations of SS, $COD_{Cr}$, T-N, $NH_3-N$, $NO_3-N$, Zn, Cu, Cr(+6), Mn, Mg, Phenol, $CN^-$ and E-Coli based on the water quality analysis. These characteristics of the deteriorative wastewater depend on the sampling method, cleaning frequency, released amount of washing water, inner material of tunnel wall, traffic volume, and type of drainage systems. Gravitational separation experiment of SS with collected tunnel wastewater showed considerable removal of pollutants such as 80% of $COD_{Cr}$, 30% of T-N and 90% of T-P simultaneously. GAC isotherm test was conducted to remove dissolved portion of the pollutants, and resulted in high removal efficiencies above 80% of $COD_{Cr}$, T-N, Zn, Cu, Mn, Phenol, CN in the experimental condition of GAC dosage of $50g/1/{\ell}$.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2014

When processing the biomass by Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC), a slow pyrolysis process, it produces bio-gas, biooil, and biochar. Among these end products, biochar is known for isolating or storing carbon and being used as a soil amendment. In this study, the characteristics of biochar generated by HTC at $250^{\circ}C$ for 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, and 20 hours with synthetic food wastes and wood wastes were analyzed for potential uses in soil contaminated with heavy metals. The yield of biochar (weight %) increased when the ratio of wood wastes increased and showed a decreasing tendency as reaction time increased. Elemental analysis of biochar based on various conditions showed a maximum of 70% carbon (C) content. The carbon content showed an increasing tendency with the increase of wood wastes. Iodine adsorption test was peformed to determine the optimum reaction condition, which was 15% wood waste for mixing ratio and 2 hours for reaction time. Using biochar generated at the optimum condition, its capability of adsorbing heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni) was evaluated. It was concluded that lead (Pb) was removed efficiently while zinc (Zn) and nickel (Ni) were hardly adsorbed by biochar.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.3806-3813
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• 2012

The coastal environment is affected by Cu and Zn contamination through diverse routes, including antifouling agents, industrial wastewater, and domestic activities. In this study, Crassostrea gigas and Littorina brevicula were used to examine the distributions of Cu and Zn, which are related to the increase in the use of new antifouling agents that have been used for ships since the TBT ban in 2003. The average Cu and Zn concentrations in the samples were 231.8 ${\mu}g/g$ and 492.6 ${\mu}g/g$, respectively. Both the Cu and Zn concentrations were highest in the shipyard samples, followed by the harbor sample for Cu and the industrial area sample for Zn. The results indicated that the Cu concentration was affected by the antifouling agents, and the Zn concentration was affected by both the antifouling agents and industrial wastewater. The areas that need intensive control to address the Cu and Zn contamination in major Korean coasts were identified.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.420-427
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to evaluate hot spring water (HSW) from Deokgu as a cosmetic ingredient in the preparation of a body lotion. The HSW was tested for its suitability as an aqueous-phase main component. Microbiological and chemical stability tests of the HSW were carried out. Microorganisms including E. coli were not detected or detected below the detection limits, and no harmful heavy metals were found. The cytotoxicity of the HSW was also considered, and its pH determined over a period of three months. Further, sensory characteristics were assessed for consumer acceptance by performing sensory tests on body lotions formulated using either Deokgu HSW or distilled water. Skin moisturization, irritation and tension reinforcement were found to be enhanced when using the HSW lotion rather than that formulated with distilled water. Taken together, the results of this study show that the use of HSW in cosmetic formulations contributes to the efficacy of these products.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.12 no.9
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• pp.21-25
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• 2011

This study was performed to evaluate characteristics of illegally dumped wastes in the riversides of Nakdong river found during dredging of Nakdong river. Precise classification of the wastes found in the riversides is essential to proper treatment of the wastes. We tried to determine whether these wastes contained toxic compounds and stabilized. Wastes were found at 27 sampling points out of 159 segments investigated and these wastes were not classified as toxic wastes. In addition, clay soils were found at 60 sampling points, and these soils were not classified as wastes. Thus, these soils are thought to be recycled as construction materials. Some samples were not stabilized, which means biodegradation was still progressed in these areas.

• Journal of Korea Society of Waste Management
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• v.35 no.8
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• pp.721-730
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• 2018

We investigated the effects of heavy metals in cement in the last 3 years and the amount of waste in the cement manufacturing process. The result shows that the average $Cr^{6+}$ content in cement products is controlled at 10 mg/kg. Cu and Pb have lower detection tendency in white cement than in ordinary portland cement. In addition, heavy metals such as Cd show a certain level of detection regardless of the input wastes. Copper slag and phosphate gypsum are the main influencing factors on the heavy metals in cement products. In auxiliary fuels, plastics waste and wood waste are considered to affect heavy metals in cement products. Alternative raw materials are considered to be affected by the alternative raw materials managed as byproducts. In the case of supplementary fuels, auxiliary fuels managed as waste instead of auxiliary fuels managed as byproducts affect the heavy metals in cement. This study examined the input amount without considering the heavy metals in each waste. Therefore, the result may vary in different situations, and further research must be conducted to supplement the findings. However, if the heavy-metal contents in the waste are constant, it can be used as a reference material for the control of heavy metals in cement products.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.7-13
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• 2021

Due to rapid industrial development, population growth, and improvement of living standards, the amount of sewage and wastewater, including nutrients, is increasing every year. In addition to the increasing amount of sewage and wastewater generation, untreated linked treated water (manure, livestock manure, industrial wastewater, leachate, food waste) is also increasing, and many of the linked treated water flows directly into nearby sewage treatment plants. The associated treated water causes many problems because of its own characteristics, low flow rate with high concentration compared to existing inflow sewage. In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to investigate the quantity and quality of the connected treated water whichh is flowed into the sewage treatment plant, and a study the effect on sewage treatment. Therefore, in this paper, we would like to examine the effect of the linked treated water. Seasonal effect associated with water pollution conditions was considered. In addition, a scenario was created through the distribution and inflow of connected treated water along with the water temperature conditions. Through scenario analysis, we intend to optimize the operating conditions of linked processing.