• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.138-142
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• 1999

Chinese foxglove (Rehmannia glutinosa) is receiving much attention as one of the principal medicinal crops and the demand for crude drug expands rapidly. This study was conducted to obtain the basic agronomic characteristics and cultivation information of Chinese foxglove. Morphological traits of several Chinese foxglove and their plant growth and yield were investigated under different environmental conditions. The tested lines exhibited clear morphological differences in leaves and roots representing their origins. Rapid root growth and weight increasement occurred in the middle of July. Optimum daylength and temperature conditions were investigated for the adequate plant growth of Chinese foxglove. Root growth was enhanced at $23/18^{\circ}C$ (day/night) with 13 hours daylength condition. Appropriate soil moisture and soil texture were $60{\sim}70%$ and loam soil, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.339-346
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• 2006

In this study we conducted artificial hybridization between two sibling species, Rhodeus uyekii and R. notatus, and observed the morphological characteristics in early developmental stage. The two species showed difference in egg shape having rhombus and club respectively. The morphology of yolk of larva just hatched also showed well specific characteristics, that is the bean chaff type for R. uyekii (U type) and anchor type for R. notatus (N type). The rate of fertilization between female R. uyekii and male R. notatus (UN type) and between female R. notatus and male R. uyekii (NU type) were complete and its hatching rate were very high, 71.6% for UN type and 97.5% for NU type. The differences occurred in the yolk shape of hatched larvae for each combination of hybrids. In the group of UN, U type of larvae were found very rarely, but almost all the larvae showed intermediate shape polarized to NN type. Similar phenomenon was observed in the NU having intermediate polarized to UU, but without any NN type. These hybrids will be analyzed for their external morphology, sex ratio, the function of sexual organ and karyology after they grown up to adult.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.338-341
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• 2012

Campanula, native to Korea, is potentially an attractive potted or bedding plant. Experiments were conducted to produce a $F_1$ hybrid plant for a reduced plant height, 'Jiknyeo', by a conventional cross breeding between C. punctata Lam. and C. punctata Lam. var. rubriflora Mak. The crossing was carried out in July 2001 and the seeds were harvested in October 2001. Seeds were stored for two months at $5^{\circ}C$ for vernalization, and then were sown in March 2002. The $F_1$ hybrid have a purple flower color, and decreased plant height, leaf length, leaf width, and peduncle length. Each flower maintained freshness for a period of 20 days on the average. The whole flowering period of a plant was four months. The plant has flowering characteristics of an indeterminate inflorescence, prefers low humidity during the whole cultivation period, and requires low temperature in winter for flower bud differentiation.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.63-101
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• 1982

A study was conducted to investigate the possibility of improving the effectiveness of the existing method(s) to estimate the edible meat weight in live broiler chicken. Four. breeds of chicken, white Cornish broiler chicks(parent stock), Single Comb White Leghorn(SCWL) egg strain chicks (parent stock), and two reciprocal cross breds of these parent stocks were employed in this study. A total of 480 birds, 60 male and 60 female chicks for each breed, were used. Ten male and 10 female chicks from each breed were randomly sacrificed at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 weeks of ages in order to measure the body weight, edible meat weight of breast and 1eg(thigh and drum-stick), various components of body weight and various body shape measurements. In addition, chemical analyses of edible meat were carried out. Results obtained from this sturd were summarized as follows. 1. The average body weights of White Cornish broiler chicks and SCWL egg strain chicks were 1.82${\pm}$0.048kg(X${\pm}$S.E.) and 0.67${\pm}$0.029 kg. respectively, at 8 weeks of age. The feed to gain ratio for White Cornish and SCWL chicks were 2.24 and 3.28, respectively, for 0 to 8 weeks of age. The reciprocal cross bred chicks (White Cornish ${\times}$ SCWL) showed intermediate values in both parameters.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.191-197
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• 2009

In order to characterize the ecological traits of Q. mongolica, we treated the seedlings of this species with three environmental factors, light, moisture and nutrient gradients from March to October 2007, and measured morphological and ecological 17 characters. Lastly calculated ecological niche breadth and niche overlap between Q. mongolica-Q. acutissima and Q. mongolica-Q. variabilis, and analysed them with a special reference to ecological distribution pattern and their competition relationship in Korea. The ecological niche breadth of Q. mongolica showed the lowest in nutrient treatment, but the highest in soil moisture treatment. The ecological niche value under light was intermediate. On comparison of the ecological niche breadth of three oak species, Q. mongolica showed the highest in light environment, which might be a reason for the dominant distribution in the forest plant community, Korea. The ecological niche overlap of Q. mongolica-Q. acutissima and Q. mongolica-Q. varabilis was the widest in moisture treatment, but the narrowest in nutrient treatment and the intermediate in light one. These results means that these three oak species be most competitive in moisture environment than light or nutrient one, and that there are least differentiated among oak species for soil moisture condition. Cluster and PCA ordination showed that Q. mongolica and Q. acutissima were more closely arranged than Q. mongolica and Q. variabilis. From these results, it can be explained that Q. mongolica have more similar ecological niche with Q. acutissima than with Q. variabilis, consequently competition between Q. mongolica and Q. acutissima is intensive than Q. mongolica and Q. variabilis for environment condition, especially in soil moisture.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.516-521
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• 2008

This study was conducted to optimize the analysis condition and quantify the 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP) in the brown aroma rice. Extraction effect of the solvent for 2AP was the order of ethanol>acetonitrile>methanol in the range from 30 to $90^{\circ}C$. In the extraction time of 15, 30, 60, and 90 min, the 30 min had the highest 2AP concentration, and it was decreased according to lapse of time. At grinding time, 5 sec resulted in highest 2AP concentration. It was recommended that five sec grinding time, using ethanol, at $90^{\circ}C$ for 30 min was the optimization conditions to quantify the 2AP. Hyangmibyeo2ho and Aranghyangchalbyeo were mild aroma. In the foreign aroma rice, 11 of 19 accessions of Indica types and 2 of 6 accessions of Japonica types were more than mild aroma. Finally, 30 accessions of aroma rice were selected based on their 2AP concentration and agronomic traits.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.33-38
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• 1995

This experiment was conducted to elucidate the effect of the midsummer drainage times on lodging characters, field lodging and yield in direct seeding rice culture in puddled soil. Dongjinbyeo was seeded at May 11 by seeding machine with 4cm of furrow depth and drained, one（50days after seeding DAS）） two （30DAS and 50DAS）, and three times （30DAS, and 50DAS and 60DAS）. The results are as follows. Culm length was shorten and the wall of N3, N4 were thicken as the drain-age times were increased. As the drainage times were increased breaking weights were increased but the lodging index were decreased. Lodging was occurred seriousely at none drainage, but wasn't occurred two or three times drainage. Yield was higher at 1~2 times drainage compared with none and three times drainage. Therefore, two times midsummer drainage is recommend-able water management method for direct seeding rice culture in puddled soil.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.299-313
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• 2023

Stellaria pallida (Dumort.) Crép., S. ruderalis M. Lepší, P. Lepší, Z. Kaplan & P. Koutecký, and Cerastium pumilum Curtis are unrecorded alien species of Caryophyllaceae found in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do in the Republic of Korea. Stellaria pallida is readily distinguished from other taxa in the same genus by its petals, as it's considerably smaller than the sepals or absent. In contrast, S. ruderalis is difficult to identify as it has intermediate traits between S. media L. and S. neglecta (Lej.) Weihe. However, S. ruderlais clearly identified by seed morphology, and S. ruderalis, unlike S. media and S. neglecta, has conical shape of outer periclinal wall and papillate on the basely surface of that. Cerastium pumilum is similar to C. glomeratum Thuill. and belongs to the same subgenus (Sub gen. Fugacia); however, it has some distinct characteristics, including stamens that are primarily 8 (5-10), upper bracts with membranous edges, and the length of the pedicels and petals being longer than that of the sepals. The three of alien plants was recorded for the first time in this study, and information of their habitat, distribution map, description and photographs are presented.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2020.12a
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• pp.49-49
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• 2020

본 연구는 호랑버들과 갯버들 교잡종의 잎 형태적 특성을 국내 자생종인 호랑버들, 갯버들과 비교하였다. 호랑버들 35개체, 갯버들 35개체, 교잡종 100개체에서 잎을 채취하여 잎의 길이와 너비, 엽저와 엽두 각도, 잎자루 길이와 너비, 탁엽의 길이와 너비, 잎 두께 등 총 17개의 잎 형태적 특성을 분석한 결과, 엽두 각도와 탁엽의 길이를 제외한 15개의 특성에서 세 분류군이 유의한 차이를 나타내었다. 교잡종의 잎 길이와 너비의 비는 갯버들, 교잡종, 호랑버들 순으로 크게 나타나 교잡종의 잎의 형태는 피침형인 갯버들과 타원형인 호랑버들 사이 중간 형태로 나타났다. 교잡종의 잎의 너비, 엽저 각도, 잎자루의 길이와 너비, 탁엽의 길이와 너비는 호랑버들과 갯버들의 중간 형태를 나타내었으며, 탁엽의 거치 개수는 교잡종이 호랑버들과 갯버들보다 많은 특성이 나타났다. 잎 뒷면 단위면적당 털의 개수 또한 교잡종이 호랑버들과 갯버들보다 많은 특성을 나타냈다. 세 분류군 간 잎 형태적 차이를 구명하기 위해 유의한 차이를 보인 15개의 변수를 이용하여 주성분분석을 실시한 결과 고유값이 1 이상인 제 1, 2, 3, 4주성분이 전체 분산의 68.2%를 설명하였다. 제 1주성분은 잎의 너비, 잎의 1/3 아랫부분 너비, 잎의 1/3 윗부분 너비, 잎자루의 길이, 잎의 길이로 잎의 크기와 관련이 있는 특성들이 높은 상관관계를 나타내었고, 제 2주성분은 엽맥의 수, 잎자루의 너비와 높은 상관관계를 나타내었다. 제 3주성분은 탁엽의 거치 개수, 탁엽의 너비로 탁엽의 특성과 관련이 있는 특성들이 높은 상관관계를 나타내었으며, 제 4주성분은 잎의 두께와 높은 상관관계를 나타내었다. 주성분분석 결과 호랑버들과 갯버들 교잡종의 잎 특성은 호랑버들보다 갯버들과 가까운 것으로 나타났다. 잎의 형태적 특성으로 세 분류군을 구별하기 위해 정량형질을 이용한 판별분석 결과 교잡종 중 대부분(93.3%)이 호랑버들, 갯버들과 구별되었다. 일부 교잡종 개체(6.7%)가 갯버들로 오분류되었지만, 잎의 정성적 특성인 잎의 거치와 측맥의 특성을 고려한 결과 모든 개체가 교잡종으로 구분되었다. 따라서 호랑버들과 갯버들의 교잡종은 잎의 형태적 특성이 부모종인 호랑버들, 갯버들과 다른 독특한 형태를 가진 것으로 나타났다.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.281-313
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• 1976

To obtain fundamental informations on cotton breeding efficiences for Korea, individual genetic relationships and interrelationships between the agronomic characteristics of Upland cotton were investigated. These experiments were couducted at the Mokpo Branch Station $(34^{\circ}48'N, $ $126^{\circ}23'E$ and altitude of 10m above sea level) from 1969 through 1972. Heterosis, combining ability, dominance and recessive gene action, genetic variance, and phenotypic and genotypic correlation were investigated by $F_1'S$ from an 11-parent partial diallel cross and the segregating $F_2$ and $F_3$ populations of the cross Paymaster times Heujueusseo Trice. The following points resulted from this study, 1. Heteroses for number of bolls per plant and lint yield were significant at 27, 84% and 37.26%, respectively. No other character had significant heteroses. 2. The GCA estimates for all studied characteristics were higher than the SCA estimates. Varieties with high GCA effects were Suwon 1 for earliness, Paymaster and Arijona for high lint percent, and Arijona for long fiber, etc, 3. SCA estimates for lint yield varied widely in crosses with Mokpo 4, Mokpo 6 and Heujueusseo Trice. Those crosses with the highest SCA effects were combinations with large characteristics differences, Example of these crosses are Mokpo 4 times Acala 1517W, Mokpo 4 times D. P. L. and Heujueusseo Trice aud Paymaster. 4. Early-maturing varieties were completely dominant to late-maturing varieties in some combinations while other crosses gave intermediate phenotypes. These results suggest additive genetic action by multi-genes. Heujueusseo Trice, Mokpo 6, and Suwon 1 showed highest degree of dominance for earliness. 5. There were no significant trends for inheritance of weight of boll and 100 seeds weight. 6. Long staple was partially to completely dominant to short staple. Though there were single gene ratios the rate of dominance decreased in the $F_2$ and $F_3$ populations in the cross between the long staple variety Paymaster and the short staple variety Heujueusseo Trice. Diallel cross $F_1$ hybrids showed complicated allelic gene action for staple length. Various dominance degree were shown by varieties. 7. Number of bolls per plant indicated strong over-dominance and small non-allelic additive gene action. 8. Lint Yield was characterized by over-dominance and by multiple non-allelic-gene action. High-yielding varieties were dominant to low-yielding ones. However, the low-yielding variety Heujueusseo Trice showed over-dominance, indicating different reactions according to the varieties and combinations. 9. Broad sense heritability for days to flowering was 34-39% while narrow sense heritability was 11%. Large variations of individual plants caused by Korean climatic conditions cause this situation. Heritability estimates for weight of boll was 30% for broad sense and 22% for narrow sense. 10. Heritability estimates for staple length and lint percent were very high suggesting strong selection effects. 11. Narrow sense heritability estimates for number of bolls per plant was 30% in the diallel cross $F_1$ hybrids and 36% in the $F_2$ population of the special cross. Broad sense heritability was estimated at 67% suggesting that. 12. Heritability estimates for lint yield was low due to high over-dominance in the diallel cross $F_1$ hybrids. Heritability estimates for yield was low in the $F_1$ hybrids but high in the $F_2$ and $F_3$ populations. 13. Phenotypic and genotypic correlations between lint percent and days to flowering and between staple length and days to flowering were high in the $F_1, $ $F_2$ and $F_3$ populations. Late-maturing varieties and individuals had long staple and high lint percent in general. As the correlation between days to flowering and lint yield was extremely low, the two traits were considered independent of each other. Days to flowering and number of bolls per plant were negatively correlated in the $F_3$ population, indicating early-maturing individual plants with many bolls may be readily selected. 14. Phenotypic and genotypic correlations between lint percent and staple length were high in $F_1, $ $F_2$ and $F_3$ populations. Accordingly, long staple varieties were high in lint percent. It was recognized that lint yield and lint percent were positively correlated in the diallel cross $F_1$ hybrids, and lint percent and staple length were positively correlated in the $F_2$ population, indicating that lint percent and staple length affect lint yield. 15. Lint yield was significantly and positively phenotypically correlated with number of bolls per plant in $F_1, $ $F_2$ and $F_3$ populations. A high genotypic correlation was also noted indicating a close genetic relationship. The selection efficiencies for a high-yielding variety can be increased when individual plants with many bolls are selected in later generations. The selection efficiencies for good fiber quality can be enhanced when individuals with long staple and high lint percent are selected in early generations.