• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.421-429
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• 2012

This study was aimed to analyze the water quality characteristics of the Hwapocheon Stream and to be utilized in the further related research. Water in the upper stream became a dammed pool due to the existence of 14 weirs, and pollutants such as both sewage and irrigation water were introduced into the mainstream passing through farming settlements and agricultural land. For these reasons, filamentous cyanobacteria (Oscillatoria sp.) bloomed at the bottom of the dammed pool. Also in the midstream and downstream, tributaries with high pollutant concentrations [e.g., Comocheon (T3) and Yongdeokcheon (T8)] were inflowed, and had a negative impact on water quality of the mainstream, especially nitrogen and phosphorus. In the Hwapocheon Stream, dissolved oxygen (DO) decreased, and suspended solid (SS) increased toward the downstream. The result showed that hydraulic retention time, SS, COD, and concentration of $NH_4{^+}$ were important water quality factors of the Hwapocheon Stream. The high concentration of benthic organic matter and rich in attached algae in the core of Hwapo-wetland were expected to give impact on the water quality of the mainstream. In the spatial manner, water quality showed increasing trend in the weir zone, and it was constant or decreased trend in wetland. In the seasonal manner, the nutrient concentrations were high in the winter dry season, however, the organic matter concentrations were high in spring and summer. Generally, the concentrations of phytoplankton value were $40{\mu}g\;chl-{\alpha}/L$ or less in all reaches except for the high concentrations in the weir and wetland area in June.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.717-727
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• 2016

Using TIMSS survey data, we analyzed whether there were any significant changes in the learning environment of middle school science classes over the last 10 years. Our study selected questions from teachers and school principals' questionnaires and divided them by category: science class, teacher professional development, and school environment. The science class components were subdivided into three categories: science learning activities, evaluation, and homework. Within teacher professional development, the sub-categories included teacher training, collaboration to improve teaching, and teacher evaluation. School environment subdivided into two aspects, these being school characteristics and school system. Our research confirmed that there has been a positive change overall in learning environments. However, most classes are teacher-conducted and also teacher-oriented; the proportion of science investigation activities has declined compared against the prior ten years. Our study show that students do not engage in a range of inquiry-related activities. The questions on tests and examinations involve mostly knowledge application and understanding, although recent methods of evaluation show improvement. As for the science teachers, they participate in many professional development programs but focus on science content, science curriculum, and pedagogy. In addition, teachers do not have many opportunities to participate in the training to integrate information technology into science, science assessment, or improving students' critical thinking or inquiry skills. The teachers are satisfied with their profession, and the shortage of science resources does not seem to affect instruction.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.224-232
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• 2012

Although evolution of construction materials brought about development of modern architecture, they caused destruction of the environment and pollution. This problem is not a new one in terms of ecological esthetics and materials of sustainable architecture in light of the Eastern view of nature and this idea became a background of this study. The basic concept is to try to find out their characteristics from a perspective of ecological esthetics in relation to traditional building materials that nature, architecture, and humans coexist and live with each other to balance. Based on ecological esthetics and precedent studies on materials of traditional architecture, we investigated connections, expressive methods and characteristics in traditional residential construction space. This attempt has meanings in that it can propose a new framework of forming various viewpoints and spatial perceptions in relation to esthetics and traditional construction materials. The current study examined the characteristics by dividing them into tangible and intangible elements based on expressive features of elements of nature. The characteristics found by this process are not simply notion of physical materials, but plays a key role aesthetically and ecologically. Nature and materials take circulation of the law of nature, regulate energy, increase efficiency and play a major role in an economic way. Nature in itself becomes natural alternative energy, and plays its role in an invisible fashion. It examined how expressive characteristics of construction materials are reflected through analyzing residential space and Korean traditional garden having relationships with Eastern viewpoint of nature in relation to Korean traditional construction materials from a perspective of ecological esthetics. Findings of the above study indicate that expressive characteristics of Korean traditional construction materials from a perspective of ecological esthetics are that nature, space, humans coexist and live together and they will provide a clue to an alternative to solve ecological and environmental problems modern society will have in the future. Through this process, it provided a possibility that traditional space and materials can be succeeded in creative and new ways, and it found out the way for nature, space, and humans to coexist and a possibility of ecological esthetics. It addition, it will provide a key base as an alternative of sustainable design of the future.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.21-28
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• 2011

With the recent overcrowding of metropolitan cities and people's increasing interest in housing environment, there are frequent disputes occurring over the right to daylight. In order to determine whether daylight has been encroached accurately. we need to consider the daylight change by the effect of the geographical features of the surrounding areas but most of the previous relevant studies overlooked this consideration. Thus, in order to determine the encroachment of daylight accurately, this study analyzed the change in the duration of daylight according to geographical features by applying the Hemispherical Viewshed Algorithm to Busan Metropolitan City. According to the results of the analysis, the minimum and average duration of daylight decreased with an increase of altitude by 50m. Second, according to the time bound designated by law, up to 78.6% of the area was influenced by the duration of daylight. Third, the geographical features of the surrounding areas had a significant effect on the duration of daylight. Accordingly, in order to analyze the right to daylight accurately, it is essential to consider the geographical features of the surrounding areas. Furthermore, the Hemispherical Viewshed Algorithm used in this study and the visible area of the sky obtained from the algorithm are considered helpful to analyze the influence of the geographical features of surrounding areas on the legal duration of daylight before analyzing the practical right to daylight.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.75
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• pp.43-79
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• 2016

An increase in the number of immigrants to Korea since the late 1980s' has signified the proliferation of globalization and global capitalism. In Korea, most married immigrants are women, as the culture emphasizes patrilineage and the stability of the institution of marriage, particularly in rural areas. Immigrant women have experienced dual ordeals. The Aogra Internet community in Korea has been one of the most representative sites that has shown the power of communities in cyberspace since 2002, leading the discussion of social issues and deliberative democracy both online and offline. This paper analyzed Koreans' writings (such as long comments) on immigrant women in the Agora community. The analysis revealed the following results: first, immigrant women were referred to using terms related to prostitution, with excessive expression of disgust, which is called a "narrative of identity." Second, anti-multiculturalists called Korean men victims of married immigrant women and expressed hatred toward immigrant women, which is called a "narrative of sacrifice." Third, anti-multiculturalists justified their emotions as just resentment based on ideas of justice, equality, and patriotism, concealing the emotion of disgust, which is called the "narrative of justice, equality." Fourth, antimulticulturalists played roles to spread the emotion of disgust, by repeatedly referring to international marriage fraud and immigrant workers' crimes, which is called "narrative of crime." Fifth, some positive writings on immigrant women were based on empathy(a concept defined in this context by Martha Nussbaum), but they can be analyzed as narratives encouraging cultural integration through the perspective of orientalism. Therefore, comments on immigrant women in the Agora represent a "catch-22" dilemma. To deal with conflicts arising from disgust and violations of human rights, civic education focusing on humanism is needed in this multicultural era.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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• v.11 no.3 s.55
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• pp.87-96
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• 2007

A new Energy-Dissipating Sacrificial Device (EDSD) is developed for steel plate girders, which can effectively dissipate the energy stored in the structures during seismic actions. To verify the performance of the EDSD, various seismic responses of a sample bridge with the EDSD are analyzed in terms of energy, member forces and deformation. The full scale model tests are conducted to certify the performance of the EDSD when it is applied on existing bridges. Using the improved hysteretic model of the sacrificial member, the seismic analysis for an example bridge is performed. The results show that the proposed EDSD under seismic excitations can significantly decrease the energy stored in the bridge structures and reduce the relative displacements of each superstructure to the ground. The EDSD is also found to function as a structural fuse under strong ground motions, sacrificing itself to absorb the excessive energy. Consequently, economical enhancement of the seismic performance of bridges can be achieved by employing the newly developed energy-dissipating sacrificial device.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.511-521
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• 2015

The thermal bridge occurring in a building influences its thermal performance and durability. The domestic typical multi-unit residential buildings suffer thermal losses resulting from thermal bridges of the balcony slab. To minimize the thermal loss between inside and outside of the balcony slab, thermal bridge breaker(TBB) systems have been developed and applied in building construction. Although thermal bridge breaker systems for reinforced concrete(RC) wall-slab joints can improve the thermal performance of a building, it is necessary to verify the structural performance of TBB systems whether they provide proper resistance for cyclic loading. In order to investigate the structural characteristics of TBB systems embedded in RC slabs, cyclic tests of wall-slab joints were performed by applying two reversed cycles at each up to 30 cycles. The test results show that the RC slabs embedding TBBS systems can present excellent structural performance and the maximum moment capacity, energy dissipation capacity and ductility of TBBs systems are enhanced compared to those of the typical RC slabs.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.115-126
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• 2015

In recent years, debris flow disaster has occurred in multiple locations between high and low mountainous areas simultaneously with a flooding disaster in urban areas caused by heavy and torrential rainfall due to the changing global climate and environment. As a result, these disasters frequently lead to large-scale destruction of infrastructures or individual properties and cause psychological harm or human death. In order to mitigate these disasters more effectively, it is necessary to investigate what causes the damage with an integrated model of both disasters at once. The objectives of this study are to analyze the mechanism of debris flow for real basin, to determine the PMP and run-off discharge due to the DAD analysis, and to estimate the influence range of debris flow for fan area according to the scenario. To analyse the characteristics of debris flow at the real basin, the parameters such as the deposition pattern, deposit thickness, approaching velocity, occurrence of sediment volume and travel length are estimated from DAD analysis. As a results, the peak time precipitation is estimated by 135 mm/hr as torrential rainfall and maximum total amount of rainfall is estimated by 544 mm as typhoon related rainfall.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.261-273
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to examine the trajectories of multi-dimensional poverty in the process of transitioning from middle age to old age, and to identify the factors that influence them. Using the Korea Welfare Panel Data(2006 ~ 2018), we examined the trajectory of changes in multi-dimensional poverty for 13 years by prospective elderly and middle aged group aged 55 or older in 2006 through the potential growth model. Multidimensional poverty is divided into seven dimensions in four areas: economy (income, employment), environment (residential), health, social culture (leisure, family relations, and social relations). The results showed that the level of multi-dimensional poverty decreased with time, and the overall poverty level was higher than that of the pre-old and the average. As a result of analyzing the condition model with the independent variable, the variables affecting poverty change were found in the order of spouse free and educational level for the elderly and gender and education level for the elderly. In other words, multi-dimensional poverty is gradually improving, but the rate of change and the variables that affect each age group are different.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.31-40
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• 2015

The public housing needs maintenance administration for improvement and retainment of residential condition by means of tenants participation. However, most researchers have considered tenants as passive participants in this context. The previous studies did not comprehend perspective of tenants participation and just measured the management preference and the level of satisfaction on maintenance. This study investigates the attitudes and perceptions of tenants on participation in public housing maintenance by introduced Q method that provides a systematic and rigorous quantitative means for examining human subjectivity. The subjectivity is classified as types according to cost and benefit factors by principal components analysis and varimax rotation of the extracted factors. As a result, this study present 5 types of tenants participation and expect to discuss desirable roles of tenant and org anization in public housing maintenance.