• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.86-99
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• 2016

This study was for analyzing the external environment and internal space structure and improving the way of use efficiency in waterfront through the Dragon boat festival to utilize waterfront actively. Through from the four target area, Hongkong, Busan, Incheon and Daejeon, this study was for an importance and satisfaction analysis for users about the element effect on the waterfront use efficiency and the contribution to cultural contents revitalization of waterfront by giving basic data. The result is as follows. First, in the importance analysis about 12 items, modern cultural infra around the waterfront was ranked highest, 8.26 and waterfront landscape, square & openspaces, convenience facilities, transport, green area, quality of viewing space, historic resources, pedestrian, suitability of width, wave, depth, water quality, berth & mooring were ranked in descending order. Second, waterfront landscape was interpreted by rather the external environmental impact according to city size than the matter of spatial structure in target area and judged as an important factor effect on site selection for waterfront. In the analysis of waterfront landscape, the reason of the high satisfaction about domestic target area was that riverside parks were recently made considering their waterfront activities. Viewing space was major infra where people could experience the pleasant waterfront and watch dynamic water leisure sports like Dragon boat three dimensionally and was thought to be improved for the use efficiency. Third, tourism resources were very important element that affect the use efficiency of waterfront, so waterfront users react sensitively to modern tourism resources rather than to historic resources. This meant that tourism infrastructure for shopping and leisure of the young affected the use efficiency of waterfront, so Hongkong and Busan were in a better position in terms of using waterfront that was near the tourism infrastructure. Fourth, in the analysis of traffic accessibility, both Hongkong and Busan were high evaluated in terms of excellent traffic accessibility by subway. Daejeon was low rated in terms of the satisfaction of use efficiency, because of the relative lower place awareness compared with transportation infrastructure. In Hongkong, waterfront was connected with downtown and in Busan, housing complex and shopping centers were located in the place for users in an easily accessible on foot, so the satisfaction was high-pitched. Finally, in the importance of water surface width and the analysis of satisfaction, except Incheon, all the three were over 200m in width of water surface and this meant the surface width above certain level was interpreted to interrupt the concentration of enjoying the water leisure sports. In the analysis of surface condition such as water quality, water depth and wave, through a survey, Busan had a problem with water quality and Gapcheon in Daejeon had a problem with optimal water depth by the festival participants.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.1-14
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• 2021

Ssangsanjae was created in the mid-1800s, It is located at Jiri Mountain to the north and the Seomjin River to the south. This garden has not changed much even though it has passed through the sixth generation since its creation, so it still retains the features of a private garden in the late Joseon Dynasty. This study focused on the changing landscape of Ssangsanjae as a historical garden; through field surveys, interviews and analysis of builder's collection, boards and couplets. Ssangsanjae is largely classified into inner and outer gardens, and the inner is divided into an entry space, a residential space, and a backyard. The backyard consists of Seodangchae, it's garden, Gyeongamdang, and swimming pool, and is connected to the Sado Reservoir area, which is the outer garden. The distinct vegetation landscape of Ssangsanjae are a 13,000m² bamboo and green tea field, Peony(Paeonia suffruticosa Andr. and Paeonia lactiflora var. trichocarpa(Bunge) Stern) planted on both sides of the road that crosses the lawn, the view through a frame(額景) shown by the twisted branches of Camellia and Evergreen spindletree, and a fence made of Trifolia Orange(Poncirus trifoliata) and Bamboo. Ssangsanjae stands out for its spatial composition and arrangement in consideration of the topography and native vegetation. The main building was named by the descendants based on the predecessor's Aho(pseudonym), and it is the philosophical view of the predecessors who tried to cultivate the younger students without going up on the road. The standing stone and white boundary stone built by Mr. Oh Ju Seok are Ssangsanjae's unique gardening facilities. The stone chairs, and swimming pool which were created by the current owner for the convenience of families and visitors also make a distinctive landscape. Ssangsanjae, for residents, was a place for living, exchanging friendships, training himself and seculusion, for children was a place for learning, but now is 'the private garden' where many people can heal themselves. Over the 200 years, the landscape of Ssangsanjae's inner and outer gardens experienced large and small changes. As such, it is necessary to recognize the historical gardens with changing properties as a living heritage. This study is significant in that, as the first study to approach Ssangsanjae in the view of landscape research, it provides basic data on Ssangsanjae as a destination of garden tourism.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.1-14
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• 2008

Although the Dreamland site was the only flat amusement park in the northern part of Seoul, the site lost its function as a regional park due to aging and, therefore, was no longer in use. The site is surrounded by currently existing high dense low-story housing blocks and proposed new towns. A renovation plan for Dreamland was raised by the City of Seoul to enhance the quality of the urban environment in the northern part of Seoul. This study articulates the design concepts and strategies of the prizewinning work of the International Design Competition for Gangbuk Large Park. The three key points can be summarized as follows: First, this design proposal tried to find a new possibility for a large mountain park in an urban areas. These days, mountain parks are used limitedly as ordinary living spaces for activities such as a walking, hiking, and physical training. New strategies were sought to reconstruct the sentiment with which our ancestors enjoyed the mountains. Second, this proposal tried to make Dreamland a socially self-sufficient park. We designed a park which generates self-energy and which communicates with the city, not a park which only exists as a green island in a city. Lastly, rain fed paddy fields, a typical Korean vernacular landscape, was a tangible space which represented people's life-styles harmonizing with the nature. Rain fed paddy fields is a design motif which puts the three surrounding mountains together with the site. It is expected that the new design will works as a noted place.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.36-45
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• 2018

Cemeteries in the United States are frequently observed near residential areas in cities even though they are spaces for the dead. However, it has not been fully studied when and how cemeteries were formed in the process of urbanization. Thus, this research aimed to investigate the spatial structure and historical change of cemeteries in Seattle due to urbanization, focusing on the contextual relationship between cemeteries and the surroundings according to two time periods: the early formation period of cemeteries in Seattle and the current period. For this, a mixed method was taken in this paper that combined historical analysis based on old references and historic maps with cluster analysis using GIS. In conclusion, the research found that early cemeteries of Seattle in downtown areas were introduced as by-products of urban formation, but the cemeteries in the suburbs were established ahead of urban growth and neighborhood development. In addition, Seattle's cemeteries not only showed a similar locational pattern to Seattle's shopping centers, but also were positively associated with population distribution given the Hot Spot Analysis. In other words, Seattle's cemeteries were originally located in rural areas, but later came to be located in urban areas, sustaining the landscape of American rural cemeteries.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.63-88
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• 2008

In this treatise I have advanced a theory to regulate legal problems rationally arising from a right to a view and I have checked some precedents dealing with the temporary injunction, compensation for damage and the demolition of a house(mainly apartment) owing to an infringement of a right to a view. Relating to an infringement of a right to a view, there are more lawsuits which are instituted together with an infringement of a right to enjoy sunshine than lawsuits related only to the right to a view. In the cases of an infringement of a right to a view connects with educational or religious environment, the court made it a decision that the construction is prohibited from constructing more than a certain-story building to protect a right to a view. Plaintiffs won a case their suit in the original judgement regarding a claim for damages owing to an infringement of a right to a view, but the Supreme Court reversed the decision of a lower court. The right to a sky view should not be infringed in case of a dwelling house which is not built for the purpose of business or a view.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.48-64
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• 2001

In the dissertation, Bibos are discussed as landscape features in the geographical context of Youngnam Region. The bibo tradition in Youngnam Region began with the incorporation of temple structures in Shilla and Kaya kingdoms, and spread throughout the country during the period of Unified Shilla. In Korea Dynasty, the diffusion of temple Bibo gained momentum, because Buddhism was worshipped as national religion. Then came a sea change in the Bibo repertoire with the replacement of Buddhism by Confucianism as an ideological prop for Chason Korea. The retreat of Buddhism led to the popularization of feng-shui motifs in Bibo strategy. The centers of the diffusion of the logic of bibo were major towns such as Kyongju, Ahndong, Sangju, and Chinju. The diffusion process continued top-down to mid-sized towns, and to the bottom of small villages. What sustained the hierarchical diffusion of Bibo attributes was myriad of transportation lines. The main artery of the diffusion in Korea Dynasty was that connecting Kaegyong to Kyongju. That same function was performed by the royal road running from Seoul through Sangju, Milyang, and to Tongrae. In the age of modernization, the feng-shui and Bibo landscapes have lost their original aura. They have suffered from the ruthless attacks of the Enlightenment logic of science. However, the elan vital of feng-shui and Bibo are still visible and strongly felt in the countryside. From field experiences, one can notice that the Bibo landscapes are tightly integrated into the rural way of life. The durability of the traditional geomancy shows us the beauty of the harmonious interplay between Youngnam people and the nature.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.98-109
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to identify characteristics of spatial structure of Jiangnan water town in China which has been developed along the water channel. Spatial structural characteristics of the water town, Wuzhen and Nanxun in Zhejiang Province are as follows. First, location of town, spatial framework, lot division, and architectural style get determined by the water channel. The water channel is constructed in cross shape, T-shape, or in combination. Secondly, public space of water town is established along main water channel. Visually and functionally alternating private buildings are established on the water channel side and they are creating unique landscape of Jiangnan water town in overall harmony. Thirdly, residential area is established on the east-west water channel side with southward sunny-faced arrangement and waterside residence is in introvert spatial structure with courtyard but the exterior space is connected with water channel intimately. Fourthly, various spatial components along the water channel enrich the sense of place in water town. The components are corridor with roof, tea house, waterside steps, waterside theater and watergate etc. Uniqueness of place is becoming the core competence in modern townscape. In this aspect, Jiangnan water town with historical and cultural accumulation is suggesting a significant implication. Major implications are as follows. First, promotion of proximity to the water is the basic value that the spatial plan of waterfront needs to pursue. Secondly, mixed use is essential for effective land use and revitalization of waterfront. Thirdly, waterfront plan based on the local uniqueness as the place asset is being required.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.90-98
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• 2011

This study aims to discuss the characteristics of garden architecture in Italian Renaissance Villa Lante that was constructed by the cardinal in Bagnaia at 16th century through actual survey and analysis of the garden's elements. To do this, it was studied in two ways: Analysis of the present conditions and review historical documents. The results are as follows. First, the buildings, the gardens and the surrounding landscapes are visually connected each other in relations between the topography and the surrounding landscapes. Second, the spatial composition accepted Neoplatonic law of multiple proportions and was influenced by ancient myth and "Liber ruralium commodorum" of Pietro de Crescenzi(1305). Third, the garden's elements consist of plants, buildings and items. In plants, the upper plants are fir tree, cypress and pine tree and the lower plants are english holly, box tree and sweet oleander. The buildings are casino, loggia and terrace. The items are pot, sundial, chair, viewing platform and fountain. The result of this study, the political and social, technical phenomena which constitute construction pattern affected the locational property and the spatial organization of the neighbor on Villa Lante.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.27-47
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• 2018

In this study, we examine how land use zoning affects the land price controlling other variables such as road-facing condition of the land, land form, land age after its development and land size. We employ geographically weighted regression analysis which reflects spatial dependency as methodology with a data sample of land transaction price data of Jangyu, a new town, in Korea. The results of our empirical analysis show that the respective coefficients of traditional regression and geographically weighted regression are not significantly different. However, after calculating Moran's Index with residuals of both OLS and GWR models, we find that Moran's Index of GWR decreases around 26% compared to that of OLS model, thus improving the problem of spatial autoregression of residuals considerably. Unlike our expectation, though, in both traditional regression and geographically weighted regression where residential exclusive area is used as a reference variable, the dummy variable of the residential land for both housing and shops shows a negative sign. This may be because the residential land for both housing and shops is usually located in the level area while the residential exclusive area is located at the foot of a mountain or on a gentle hill where the residents can have good quality air and scenery. Although the utility of the residential land for both housing and shops is higher than its counterpart's since it has higher floor area ratio, amenity which can be explained as high quality of air and scenery in this study seems to have higher impact in purchase of land for housing. On the other hand, land for neighbourhood living facility seems to be valued higher than any other land zonings used in this research since it has much higher floor area ratio than the two land zonings above and can have a building with up to 5 stories constructed on it. With regard to road-facing condition, land buyers seem to prefer land which faces a medium-width road as expected. Land facing a wide-width road may have some disadvantage in that it can be exposed to noise and exhaust gas from cars and that entrance may not be easy due to the high speed traffic of the road. In contrast, land facing a narrow road can be free of noise or fume from cars and have privacy protected while it has some inconvenience in that entrance may be blocked by cars parked in both sides of the narrow road. Finally, land age variable shows a negative sign, which means that the price of land declines over time. This may be because decline of the land price of Jangyu was bigger than that of other regions in Gimhae where Jangyu, a new town, also belong, during the global financial crisis of 2008.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.63-73
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• 2013

This study investigated the elements of soundscape in and around the traditional Korean style housing complex and the standardized Korean style housing complex popularized as farm village by Traditional Korean style housing assistance policy located in the rural area of Jeollanam-do. The purpose of this study is to understand the phenomenon and characteristic differences of the sound environments in various observation points in order to utilize them as the important elements of sound scape to consider for standardized Korean style housing complex development in the future. As a result, the traditional housing in rural area led more positive evaluation of nature sounds than standardized, newly developed Korean style housing complex. In the list of noises in each residential development type, traffic sounds and construction noise were majorly ranked. However, nature sounds had high rate of response in the sounds of introduction request. Additionally, the sounds generated by human activities such as whispering and footsteps were also in the wish list. This may suggests that soundscape design needs to approach in cultural level of a society rather than simple investigation and treatment of individual sounds of natural and artificial.