• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.217-222
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• 2015

As a Creative Director one is always looking forward to formative elements of new design. The fractal image that is generated by a computer program instead of by hand suggests a geometric pattern that can grafted into a new design for each field. In this paper we look for information about the creation of a Mandelbrot fractal image that is being utilized in the design of various sectors like textile design, architectural design, exhibition design from pure painting by convergence of both technology and art composites. And it analyses about forms based on the formative principle of creation images.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fashion and Beauty
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• v.4 no.4 s.10
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• pp.25-32
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to analyze formative features of women shoes, to develop distinctive shoes design for coming fashion trend. the methods of this study are documentary research and case study. In the theoretical study, this study has catched the origin of shoes and the changes of shoes design of each era. for the study of formative features of women shoes in 1990's, 215 kinds of pictures have been selected from in professional shoes magazines. The results of analysis are as follow. Woman shoes categorized the design factors into shape, material, decoration. Reformational shape that reconstructs old shape of shoes by comtemporary aesthetic, shape in that dual images were mixed, re-created shape that was constructed through the reconstruction of structures and shapes of shoes. Material image was strengthened by varying patterns of unburned calf, leopard and zebra. Avant-garde was appeared by using naturalistic material to represent natural beauty or using merry, daring material. Post-modern tendency was appeared like using brassiere strap instead of back strap or using round string in elegant shoes.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 1997.04a
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• pp.552-556
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• 1997

The Direct Metal Prototyping(DMP), one of the rapid prototyping technologies, allows the manufacturing of three-dimensional metallic parts using metal powders directly from the CAD data. Laser power and scanning speed are the most important variables of the process. The objective of this study is to obtain the design data for laser power and scanning speed to bond metal powders effectively using the finite element method. To obtain the design values, a numerical analysis considering two-dimensional heat transfer during the sintering of metal powder layers of the process was performed. The laser beam has been modeled to have directionality in its heat flux distribution, i. e., in the scanning direction a Gaussian beam mode distribution has been assumed and in the thickness direction a square beam mode distribution. The three-dimensional irregular distribution of metal powders of the powder layer is idealized as two-dimensional distribution in which metal powders are located regularly and periodically on the plate. In this study the design values of laser power vs scanning speed have been obtained. Temperature distribution and temperature variation of the powder layers with respect to time have been predicted. The commputed dsign data will be useful in determining the initial conditions of the process.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.1059-1068
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• 2011

This study is aimed to systematically grasp the visual and informative needs of sign system and secure the formativeness sample for standardization model. This study, therefore, will help building the requirements to create design value and secure objectiveness for realization of practical use of the communication design plan, and means transference of the external and internal information system of railroad vehicles for practical use into the standardization model. The pictorial sign based information delivery is a communication process and way gained through vision and perception, so that grasping the formative structure connoted in message is not less than understanding the characteristics of the essence. In this study, I defined the symbolic expressions inherent in TTX sign system to be perceptional action and value norms as general signatures and signifiers.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.543-550
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• 2017

Superhero films have formed a new genre convention encompassing all the generations. Figures derived from image contents are solid figures produced by means of professional figuration skills. Possession of figures has a symbolic meaning as a medium connecting the imaginary world and real one. From this perspective, figures hold an important position as a character product derived due to market expansion of the content industry. In this context, the study, which analyzed how appraisal of outward visual elements in superhero action figures might affect consumer's purchase intention, aimed to identify their purchase patterns. For this, the study established colors, types of physical body, facial figures and motions as independent variables for appraisal of outward visual elements, and purchase intention as a dependent variable and then conducted a multiple regression analysis. As a result of the analysis, the study found that colors, types of physical body and facial figures had a positive influence on purchase intention, while motions had no significant influence.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.108-118
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• 2019

Appreciating gardens in garden show has its meaning in appreciating concepts and ideas of artists, hidden inside of garden, as formative arts, as well as the beauty of the nature. This study is aimed to understand the intension of artists in visual expression through formative media in the gardens by assessing structure of visual narrative in the space with 20 artworks among the ones presented in 2018 Taehwagang Garden Show. The formative structure is delivered as contents and forms through formative media and formative language. Thus, for analysis on the artworks, the researcher assessed expressive characteristics of the media, through visual and space language, that forms the formative structure in the contest of narrative structure expressed in the gardens and findings of the analysis are as follows. First, for intertextuality obtained through media image, most of the artworks delivered message through 'figure image.' This means, the concept is delivered as 'affinity of actual objects' through the media and associated 'meaning and meaning action' are expected. Second, the characteristics of signs to show symbolism in the gardens were categorized into 'icon'. 'index' and 'symbol'. The results showed that most of the artworks expressed common characteristics between image and meaning, using 'icon' and 'symbol'. Third, as space formation components, based on formative principles, the components of 'dominant' and 'subordinate' roles were defined as the key components for meaning delivery. Also, it was understood that 'space configuration with overlapped image' and 'space configuration with transparency' were adopted to strengthen conceptional layers. Forth, for space occupation types, there were mostly central hall type, corridor type and passage space type and for open space type, the entire space area was conceptualized, instead of certain object. The circulation line was defined in the frequency order of circular type, pass type and return type. The study on the expressive characteristics of visual narrative in garden design is meaningful as it could build base data for the method of spatial design for visual development of concepts in the future.

• Archives of design research
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• v.19 no.5 s.67
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• pp.119-128
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• 2006

The scale of visual expression has expanded from freeze frame to motion picture as media have developed. Moving pictures such as animation, movies, TV CM and GUI become formative elements whose movement is necessary compared to freeze frame as apparent movement phenomenon and unit structure such as short and scene appear. Therefore, of formative elements such as a shape, color, space, size and movement, movement is importantly distinguished in the moving image. The expression and form of image as a relationship between the signified and signifier explained by Saussure are accepted as a sign by mutual complement even though they limit the content. This makes it possible to infer that the formal feature of movement participates in the message content. To verify this, the result of moving picture visual perception experiment based on the gestalt grouping principle result shows that 70-80 percent of subjects think that 'movement' is the important grouping clue in perception. Movement affects the maintenance of the context of message content in the communication process when the meaning structure of moving picture is analyzed based on the structural feature. The identity can be maintained with if there is a movement with similar directive point even if the color and shape of people, things and background are changed. Second, the clarity of the content is elevated by a distinguished object as a figure by movement. Third, it acts as a knowledge representation which can predict similar movement process of next information processing. Forth, movement gives the content consistency even though more than two scenes have fast switch and complicated editing structure like cross-cutting. Movement becomes a clue which can make grouping information input by visual perception reaction. Also, it gives the order to the visual expression which can be used improperly by formation of structural frame of image message and has the effectiveness which elevates the clarity of signification. Moving picture has discourse with several mixed unit structures because it fundamentally contains time and the common and distinguished expression is needed by media-mix circumstances. Therefore, by the application of gestalt grouping principle to moving picture field, movement becomes the more distinguished than other formative elements and affects the formation of meaning structure. This study propose a viewpoint that develops structural formative beauty and new image expression in the media image field.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.02b
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• pp.484-488
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• 2007

연극이라는 것은 복합적인 표현예술장르로 하나의 요소가 아닌 여러 가지의 요소들아 합쳐져 연극이라는 예술작품을 만들게 되어 있다. 현대의 연극공연에서 영상의 비중은 날로 높아지고 있다. 무대 공간의 공간감, 협소함, 표현의 제약 등을 따져 볼 때 그것은 당연한 이유일지도 모른다. 연극이라는 것은 최종적으로 배우와 관객과 함께 호흡할 때 완성되는 것으로 배우의 연기에 따라 영상도 실시간으로 반응할 수 있어야한다. 이러기 위해서는 영상뿐만 아니라 배우와 인터렉션할 수 있는 영상의 제어 또한 상당부분 생각하지 않을 수 없다. 그리고 무대의 뜨거운 조명과 그 아래의 영상은 같은 빛으로 만들어진 작품이기 때문에 빛이라는 환경적 요인에서 벋어나지 못한다. 그 밖의 스크린의 존재와 무대의 조형물과의 조화 등도 생각해야 한다. 하지만, 연극의 성공은 관객의 몰입정도에 따라 결정된다. 몰입요소는 음악, 배우, 무대 등의 기존 연극요소가 있으며 여기에 영상 활용은 관객을 더욱 연극으로 몰입시킬 수 있는 또 다른 중요 표현방법이 된다. 그 영상의 활용방안과 문제점은 현재 여러 기술과 방법으로 해결되어지고 있으며, 연극에서 사용되는 영상은 더욱 발전 가능성과 활용 가치를 가지고 있다. 본 논문 이러한 대중문화인 연극에서 공간에서의 영상 미디어 활용의 중요성과 관객의 몰입에 관한 발전 가능성에 대한 연구이다.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.36
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• pp.45-74
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• 2014

We can anticipate that animations will form one of the axes and lead popular culture in our future visual age. Recently, research has been actively conducted, but it mainly focuses on their value in culture industry or technologies and methods of producing animations. Of course, research that deals with animation characters has constantly come out. This study focuses on the 'formative elements' of 3D animation characters and attempts differentiation from other research by inducing new logic theoretically. Being freed from the research on characters that has been merely focused on theoretical grounds, this study intends to figure out how audience that is consumers who actually get to watch and feel animations recognizes them and find out related problems and also solutions for them. In particular, this study intends to examine the formative characteristics of 3D animation characters with the characters appearing in , one of the animations that have achieved artistic value as well as commercial success. And for that, the study conducted not only literature review but various surveys and Delphi method as well. Also, the researcher devised an analysis frame to evaluate the formative elements through in-depth discussion with experts. And with this, the study created the forms such as the Elements of Form, Formation Methods of Form and Visual Recognition Elements of Form, examined how audience recognized 3D characters. The process of recognizing an image is influenced by socio-cultural environment or sex, age, and the level of knowledge differently. This was meant to investigate current visual culture and the public's perspective through characters in that represent the visual mode.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.31-35
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• 1997

Purpose: To analyse the geometrical limitations in non-coplanar treatment for applying this result to treatment planning. Material and Method: The ranges of gantry movement were mesured for the treatment sites with or without EPID and various couch angle. Resultas and conclusitn : The gantry range of motions for various situations were quantitized for applying these results to treatment planning.