• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.75-88
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• 2014

This research aims to introduce the external type of natural funeral landscape facilities and to examine the effect of its visual image factor on the preference for them. For this purpose, a survey was conducted among 549 persons including 224 experts on the funeral services. The majority of respondents in this research live in the Seoul, Daejeon, Jeonju, and Busan areas. Burial place facilities and memorial facilities among natural funeral landscape facilities for the study are selected and categorized into five types, respectively. Of these, the funeral area type includes a woody style, a garden style, a flower style, a grass style and a scattered ashes style. As a result, firstly, from the factor analysis, three image factors are extracted such as a physical factor, an external-appearing factor and a symmetrical factor from the burial place facilities. Secondly, the most flavored among 5 burial palace facilities is woody style, followed a flower style, a garde style, a grass style and a scattered ashes style. Third, we draw a perception map based on the average values of each image factors. Forth, we find some significant difference in the evaluation of the image factors of burial place facilities by characteristics of the respondents. The gender, age, the education level and the facilities type reveal the significant difference in a physical factor. Moreover, we find a significant difference in the level of an external-appearing factor according to a gender, religion, a group members, and in the level of a symmetrical factor according to the gender, the education level, and the facilities type. Fifth, we execute a regression analysis in order to analyze the effect of the image factors on its preference for the burial place and memorial facilities. We find a positive effect of a physical, an external appearing and a symmetrical factor on its preference. Finally, we examine a moderating effect of a group member between the image factors and its preference. We find a significant positive moderating effect of an external-appearing factor for a garden style in the case of the burial place facilities. In this study are suggests that fix the problem of natural funeral landscape facilities typical naming contribute to the development of the early beginning natural funeral landscape facilities and study on development of natural funeral landscape facilities suitable for domestic. In addition, this study has shown that having rational guideline when people use natural funeral that develop a funeral culture through preference natural funeral standard visual image analysis such as preserve the traditional funeral philosophy and a new aesthetic needs.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.501-525
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• 2015

This study analyzes arithmetic word problem of multiplication and division in the mathematics textbooks and workbooks of 3rd grade in elementary school according to 2009 revised curriculum. And we analyzes type of the problem solving ability which 4th graders prefer in the course of arithmetic word problem solving and the problem solving ability as per the type in order to seek efficient teaching methods on arithmetic word problem solving of students. First, in the mathematics textbook and workbook of 3rd grade, arithmetic word problem of multiplication and division suggested various things such as thought opening, activities, finish, and let's check. As per the semantic element, multiplication was classified into 5 types of cumulated addition of same number, rate, comparison, arrayal and combination while division was classified into 2 types of division into equal parts and division by equal part. According to result of analysis, the type of cumulated addition of same number was the most one for multiplication while 2 types of division into equal parts and division by equal part were evenly spread in division. Second, according to 1st test result of arithmetic word problem solving ability in the element of arithmetic operation meaning, 4th grade showed type of cumulated addition of same number as the highest correct answer ratio for multiplication. As for division, 4th grade showed 90% correct answer ratio in 4 questionnaires out of 5 questionnaires. And 2nd test showed arithmetic word problem solving ability in the element of arithmetic operation construction, as for multiplication and division, correct answer ratio was higher in the case that 4th grade students did not know the result than the case they did not know changed amount or initial amount. This was because the case of asking the result was suggested in the mathematics textbook and workbook and therefore, it was difficult for students to understand such questions as changed amount or initial amount which they did not see frequently. Therefore, it is required for students to experience more varied types of problems so that they can more easily recognize problems seen from a textbook and then, improve their understanding of problems and problem solving ability.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.226-249
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• 2009

This study aims to establish the regional mix types and models of place marketing strategy. For this purpose, eighty seven cases of place marketing in Gwangju-Jeonnam region during the last two years are reviewed, Twenty seven types of regional mix are abstracted according to space, theme, subject, target, and factor. There are five spatial types(urban mix, zoning mix, zoning urban mix, package urban mix, zoning mix, and space package mix), eight thematic types(culture mix, history mix, tourism mix, industry mix, administration mix, environment mix, transportation mix, and PR mix), five subject types(central government led public mix, local government led public mix, enterprise led private mix, civil society led private mix, and private public partnership mix), four target types(resident mix, tourist mix, enterprise mix, and common mix), and five factor types (organization mix, image mix, point mix, target mix, and channel mix). In the basis of these types, the twenty two primary model of regional mix, and the one hundred twenty six secondary model of regional mix are established.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.47-57
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• 2020

This study focuses on the proposition that the qualities and environmental conditions required for exploring entrepreneurial opportunities and realizing entrepreneurial opportunities depend on the types of entrepreneurial opportunities. In particular, this study aims to identify the type of entrepreneurial opportunities for laboratory start-ups, which have recently been gaining policy level attention. If the type of entrepreneurial opportunities for laboratory start-ups is identified as discriminative, appropriate start-up support policies and training programs can be established. For this study, eight major papers were identified among the papers of last 30 years related to the types of entrepreneurial opportunities. After, the classification attributes for each opportunity type were derived. Then, the existing theories of recognition, discovery and creative opportunities were organized, critically reviewed and reorganized. In addition, the substance of laboratory start-ups was verified according to the standardized classification attributes of the revised and reorganized opportunity types and newly classified as 'creative opportunity'. This study also presents networking capabilities and market orientation as examples of the capabilities needed for entrepreneurs of creative opportunity type. The implication of this study is that it makes it easy to discriminate ontological typology of entrepreneurial opportunity, derives important classification attributes, and that it organizes them conceptually. In addition, it critically reconstructs the problems of confusion in the existing typology, and based on this, the type of entrepreneurial opportunities for laboratory start-ups is determined as creative opportunity. These achievements can contribute to the improvement of start-up policies and start-up training programs according to the types of entrepreneurial opportunity and laboratory start-ups in the future, resulting in realization of actual results at the start-up sites.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.303-325
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• 2004

This study investigated subtypes of men who batter, and explored the differences among them. It was based on 217 subjects from all around the nation who received legal punishment. In the analysis of the typology, we specifically tested whether the Holtzworth-Munroe and Stuart proposed typology was verified. The results of the cluster analysis revealed support for their theoretical distinction for three types of abusers. These results imply that Holtzworth-Munroe and Stuart's batterer typology is applicable to Korean batterers to some degree. Type 1 men demonstrated the lowest levels of physical and psychological abuse toward their wives and were the least likely to have had a history of child abuse or alcohol problems. These men had lower MCMI scores and did not show any extraordinary personality traits. Men in this category were violent only against their wives, had relatively liberal sex role attitudes and had the most satisfaction in their intimate relationships. Type 2 men were violent only at home, using a moderate level of violence. These men had very high levels of dependency on others and showed a borderline, avoident or passive-aggressive personality. The amount of alcohol consumption was similar to Type 1, but scores of jealousy, self-esteem, and attitudinal variables were similar to Type 3 men. They lacked assertiveness skills and reported the least marital satisfaction. Type 3 men used the most severe violence and were violent both inside and outside the home. These men showed signs of antisocial and aggressive personality. They had experienced frequent physical abuse during childhood, were the most likely to abuse alcohol and had lower self-control. Type 3 were the most traditional in their views of women's roles and had attitudes supporting violence. Based upon the study findings, practical implications of enhancing treatment efficacy were considered.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.9-24
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• 2000

This paper analyzes the distribution and classification of unrealized arguments of a predicate often called zero pronouns. in spoken Korean. Based on the transcript of a one-hour-Iong dialogue. recorded from public radio stations. I present the statistical data on argument ellipsis in Korean with respect to the frequency of zero ronouns as well as the nature of their antecedents. I go further to review some of the previous efforts to identify the discourse- theoretic functions of zero-pronouns in the framework of Centering Theory. and propose that the zero-pronouns in spoken Korean be divided into center-insensitive vs. center-sensitive classes. I also point out a couple of language-particular idiosyncrasies found in Korean, such as morpho-syntactic elements and encyclopaedic knowledge. that interact with center management in on-going discourse and often lead to difficulties in applying the centering rules and constraints to Korean.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2002.04b
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• pp.361-363
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• 2002

최근 객체지향 기법보다 효율적인 재사용성과 대체성을 지원하는 컴포넌트 기법에 대한 인식의 확대로 많은 업무용 시스템들에 대한 컴포넌트 기반 시스템으로의 재개발 또는 재개발 요구가 증가하고 있으며 이에 따라 레거시 시스템을 컴포넌트 기반 시스템으로 전환하기 위한 연구 또한 활발히 진행되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 레거시 시스템의 사용자 인터페이스를 컴포넌트화 하기 위한 전환 프로세스를 제시한다. 전환 프로세스는 레거시 시스턴 사용자 인터페이스 구성 분석, 컴포넌트 유형 분석, 컴포넌트 전환 패턴 개발. 컴포넌트 설계 및 구현 사용자 인터페이스 요구사망 테스트의 다섯 단계로 구성되어 있다. 레거시 시스템 사용자 인터페이스 구성 분석단지에서는 사용자 인터페이스의 화면구성파 내부로직을 분석하고 사용자 인터페이스의 컴포넌트화 단위를 결정하며 컴포넌트 유형 분석단계에서는 사용자 인터페이스를 구현할 컴포넌트 기술을 결정한다. 컴포넌트 전환 패턴 개발단계에서는 사용자 인터페이스를 컴포넌트화 시키기 위한 전판 패턴을 설계하며 컴포넌트 설계 및 구현 단계에서는 설계된 전환 패턴에 따라 사용자 인터페이스를 컴포넌트화한다. 사용자 인터페이스 요구사항 테스트단계에서는 개발된 컴포넌트가 레거시 시스템의 사용자 인터페이스에 대한 요구사항을 만족하는가를 확인한다. 제시한 프로세스를 적용할 래거시 시스템의 사용자 인터페이를 컴포넌트화한 구현 사례를 통해 사용자 인터페이스와 관련된 코드의 재사용 방범을 제시한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.164-167
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• 2007

2D 평면상에 이미지를 매핑 하는 것은 디자인 프로세스의 초기에 디자인 트랜드를 이해하는 방법의 하나로써 자주 이용되어 왔다. 이러한 유형의 분석 방법은 로봇 디자인 과정에도 필요하다. 본 연구는 로봇 디자인 분석을 위한 보다 진보된 방법으로써의 인터랙티브 맵의 개발과 활용에 초점을 맞추고 있다. 우선 매핑을 위한 기초 자료로써 로봇 디자인 샘플들을 대상으로 휴리스틱 평가와 사용자 설문조사가 실시하였다. 그 결과는 선형 스케일로 변환되었으며 이를 기초로 매크로미디어사의 플래시를 이용한 인터랙티브 매핑 툴이 개발되었다. 본 연구에서 개발된 인터랙티브 맵은 로봇 디자인의 객관적인 특성을 나타내는 6가지 키워드와 사용자의 유형에 따른 9가지 주관적인 선호도로부터 추출되는 2개의 요소들로 구성되는 105가지 맵을 제시할 수 있다. 디자이너가 2가지 다른 요소들을 자유롭게 선택함에 따라 선택된 2가지 요소를 축으로 하는 이미지 맵이 자동적으로 구성되어 제시된다. 본 연구에서는 이와 같은 인터랙티브 맵을 이용해 실제 사례연구를 진행함으로써 디자이너들이 보다 다양한 발견점과 직관적인 통찰력을 얻을 수 있음을 제시하였다. 이러한 방법은 기존의 전통적인 직접적인 2D 매핑과 비교해서 보다 객관적이고 효율적인 방법으로 생각된다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.1475-1482
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• 2010

This paper aims at finding the policy implications of mobile government services based on the comparison of domestic and foreign cases. We developed a framework for the classification of mobile government services and examined the domestic and foreign mobile government services to identify policy implications and dynamic trends of the mobile government. In the policy perspective, we suggest customer-centric service redesign, extensive adoption of mobile service solutions, and new service development reflecting new mobile trends.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.46 no.12
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• pp.43-49
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• 2009

We present an efficient estimation method of the battery lifetime considering various power consumption profiles in wireless sensor nodes. The power profiles in single and periodic modes and the current dissipations in different operating modes are taken into account to find the total current consumption. Also, the self-discharge rate of a battery is taken into account to estimate the battery lifetime of a given sensor node. Finally we present a governing equation for finding the battery lifetime. We believe the proposed estimation method of the battery lifetime can be an efficient and effective method for low power design of sensor nodes.