• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.285-299
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• 2005

The economic reform in China since 1978 has been increasingly sped up and deepened. The recent development of private enterprises, especially, has significant economic and political implications, whereas its regional differentiation has considerable impacts on both the development potential of certain regions and overall regional growth pattern. This study aims to understand the regional pattern of private enterprise growth as well as the institutional change which has structured the growth process. The development of private enterprises turned out to be closely tied to the marketization strategy of dual-track system and policy needs to reduce the unemployment level in both urban and 겨ral China. The regional pattern of the private enterprise growth can be characterized as ever-increasing spatial differentiation. Based on the basic statistical analysis results, it is argued that the private enterprise growth is closed related with the marketization level of the regional economy. Therefore, the strategy of developing private sector will be more important in shaping the regional development path as well as potential.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.461-477
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• 2010

Recent environmental issues such as genetically modified organisms, the loss of biodiversity, climate change, and nuclear waste cannot be reduced to a matter of science or society and explained through nature-society dualist approaches because of their complexity and heterogeneity. This paper examines how nature-society dualism has been embedded in science studies and geography and how this dualism can be overcome. Actor-Network Theory as an attempt to overcome this nature-society dualism is appropriate in analysing "strange imbriglio" of biology, politics, technoscience, market, value, ethics and facts that constitute our society by focusing on heterogeneous association, and can contribute to providing a useful framework to solve environmental problems.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.220-233
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• 2019

Hitherto there have been by and large three different approaches to the installation works of Olafur Eliasson; a soma-aethetic, politico-aesthetic and techno-aesthetic. But none of these provides us with the aesthetic descriptions of the light effect. This failure seems to arise from the lack of the conceptual tools suit for describing the atmospheric effect of 'light'. The symbolism of light, or the theological optics of Middle Age may help us to compensate for the lack of appropriate concepts needed for theorizing the effect of light used very frequently by contemporary installation artists. And this medieval aesthetics of light can also of service to elucidate some essential characteristics of the digtal visual culture in general.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.291-303
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• 2021

The study tried to examine the characteristics of transcription culture on YouTube through narrative analysis methods. The study found five meaningful features in YouTube's transcription culture. YouTube's transcription culture was first characterized by efficient writing and learning skills. Second, there was a characteristic of a transcription to read and understand text more deeply. Third, it had the characteristics of five strategies to advance my writing. Fourth, YouTubers had time to self-heal and comfort through transcription. Fifth, YouTube's transcription culture has expanded and developed into left-handed writing and digital writing. The characteristics of these YouTubers' transcription culture are expected to enrich the transcription culture that has been handed down for many years.

• SUVANNABHUMI
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.31-77
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• 2011

식민지하 동남아 천년왕국 운동에 대한 오늘날의 해석들은 그 주체인 농민들을 식민주의를 개념화하고 저항하는 동기와 조건 그리고 상징을 제공하는 토착 지식의 전수자로 간주한다. 종말론과 저항에 대한 관심의 대부분은 농민연구나 지역연구 학자들로부터 유래하며, 이들은 봉기에 대한 과거의 묘사들이 토착의 정신세계를 간과했거나 국가이념을 저항세력들의 결집원리로 과대 포장한 것에 주의를 기울인다. 천년왕국 봉기에 관한 글들에서 제공하는 해석들은 동남아 신념 체계에 관한 독립적인 관점을 제공할 뿐만 아니라, 인식론적 측면에서 식민지국가들을 이와 같은 전통에서 단절시키고 있다. 영국 식민지하에서 최대의 농민반란인 서야쌍 봉기(1930-1932)는 오늘날 이와 같은 천년왕국 운동의 정수를 보여주는 사례로 간주된다. 학자들은 수천 명의 농민들로 하여금 버마인의 권위를 되찾고, 불교를 회복시키며, 식민통치로 인해 낳은 사회-경제적 부조리를 일소시킬 그들의 왕으로 믿게 만든 한 농부의 흥미로운 이야기를 묘사하고 있다. 일련의 반란이 미신에 의해 추동되었다고 간주한 식민지 관찰자들과는 달리 이후의 역사가들은 그 반란이 불교를 재건하고 태평성대로 인도할 미래부처인 미륵불의 현신에 대한 믿음의 표현이라고 해석했다. 이러한 학자들에게 서야쌍 봉기는 어떻게 동남아 사람들의 감수성이 식민지의 사회-경제적 압력 속에서도 지속되었으며, 상좌불교의 예언이 토착의 문화적 토양에 얼마나 깊이 내재해 있는지를 말해주는 사례였다. 경험적 관점에서 본 글은 서야쌍 봉기의 근원을 재해석함으로써 천년왕국 봉기에 관한 글들이 대부분 식민지적 문서화 작업과 종교를 과장되고 세속화된 화술로 믿게 하려고 지역연구자들의 산물임을 밝히고 있다. 개념적 관점에서 본고는 버마에서 일어난 천년왕국 운동의 역사적 구성에 대한 식민주의의 역할을 보다 면밀히 관찰하였다. 또한 식민지법, 학문, 그리고 식민지하 버마 농촌에서 발생한 종교적 저항에 대한 우리들의 이해를 상호 연결하는 인식론적 관계를 탐구했다. 그리하여 본고는 천년왕국 해석이 이 시기에 공존했던 다른 유형의 불교정치적 형태를 어떻게 왜곡했는가를 밝히고 있다.

• The Journal of Korean Society for Radiation Therapy
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.89-95
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose is to evaluate efficiency of the CT simulator QA phantom manufactured for daily QA. Materials and Methods: We made holes ($1{\times}100{\times}1\;mm$) to verify accuracy between image and real measurement in polystyrene phantom and made 1 mm holes to verify table movement accuracy at superior and inferior 100 mm to the center of the phantom and inserted radiopacity material. To evaluate laser alignment, we made cross mark on the right and left side at phantom and to evaluate CT number accuracy we made 3 cylindrical holes and inserted equivalence material of bone, water, air in them. After CT scanning the phantom, We evaluated accuracy between image and real measurement, accuracy of table movement, laser, and CT number using exposed image. Results: It was measured that the accuracy between image and real measurement was ${\pm}0.3\;mm$, table movement accuracy was ${\pm}0.3\;mm$, laser accuracy was ${\pm}0.5\;mm$ from 7th January to 7th March in 2008 as within the reference point ${\pm}1\;mm$. In the CT number accuracy of bone was ${\pm}10\;HU$, air was ${\pm}5\;HU$, water was ${\pm}5\;HU$ as within the reference point is ${\pm}10\;HU$. Conclusion: We was able to perform CT simulator QA and laser equipment QA more conveniently and fast using manufactured phantom at the same time. We will be able to make more accurate treatment plan that added to QA procedures using images at previous daily QA.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.25-38
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• 2001

Contrasts in the style of the gold-silver mineralization in geologic and tectonic settings in Korea, together with radiometric age data, reflect the genetically different nature of hydrothermal activities, coinciding with the emplacement age and depth of Mesozoic magmatic activities. It represents a clear distinction between the plutonic settings of the Jurassic Daebo orogeny and the subvolcanic environments of the Cretaceous Bulgugsa igneous activities. During the Daebo igneous activities (about 200-130 Ma) coincident with orogenic time, gold mineralization took place between 197 and 127 Ma. The Jurassic deposits commonly show several characteristics: prominent association with pegmatites, low Ag/Au ratios in the ore-concentrating parts, massive vein morphology and a distinctively simple mineralogy including Fe-rich sphalerite, galena, chalcopyrite, Au-rich eIectrum. pyrrhotite and/or pyrite. During the Bulgugsa igneous activities (120-60 Ma), the precious-metal deposits are generally characterized by such features as complex vein morphology, medium to high AgiAu ratios in the ore concentrates, and abundance of ore minerals including base-metal sulfides, Ag sulfides, native silver, Ag sulfosalts and Ag tellurides. Vein morphology, mineralogical, fluid inclusion and stable isotope results indicate the diverse genetic natures of hydrothermal systems. The Jurassic Au-dominant deposits were formed at the relatively high temperature (about 300 to 450$^{\circ}$C) and deep-crustal level (>3.0 kb) from the hydrothermal fluids containing more amounts of magmatic waters (3180; 5-10 %0). It can be explained by the dominant ore-depositing mechanisms as CO2 boiling and sulfidation, suggestive of hypo/mesothermal environments. In contrast, mineralization of the Cretaceous Au-Ag type (108-71 Ma) and Agdominant type (98-71 Ma) occurred at relatively low temperature (about 200 to 350$^{\circ}$C) and shallow-crustal level «1.0 kb) from the ore-fonning fluids containing more amounts of less-evolved meteoric waters (15180; -10-5%0). These characteristics of the Cretaceous precious-metal deposits can be attributed to the complexities in the ore-precipitating mechanisms (mixing, boiling, cooling), suggestive of epilmesothermal environments. Therefore, the differences of the emplacement depth between the Daebo and the Bulgugsa igneous activities directly influence the unique temporal and spatial association of the deposit type.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.238-259
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• 2021

Gameunsa Temple is a Buddhist temple from the mid-Silla period. Construction began during the reign of King Munmu and was completed during the second year of King Sinmun's reign (682). This study is based on the results of excavations at the Gameunsa Temple site, exploring the findings presented in the literature in the field of history. This study also investigates the characteristics of the construction plan of Gameunsa Temple and its correlation with the political, social, and religious environment of the time. The results of the study are as follows: (1) First, it is confirmed that all of the buildings in the central block of Gameunsa Temple, such as the pagoda and corridor, the central gate, and the auditorium, fit within 216 cheoks by 216 cheoks (Goguryeo unit of measurement, estimated dimensions 353.30 mm), in terms of the base structure. This fact is highly significant considering the intent of the King in the mid-Silla period to advocate Confucian political ideals at the Donghaegu sites (Daewangam, Igyeondae Pavilion, and Gameunsa Temple), as confirmed by the relationship between the 'Manpasikjeok legend' and the Confucianism of the etiquette and the music; the relationship between the name of the 'Igyeondae Pavilion' and the 'I Ching'; and the relationship between the 'Taegeuk stones excavated from the Gameunsa Temple site' and the 'I Ching.' Additionally, it may be presumed that the number in the "Qian 216" on the Xici shang of 'I Ching' was used as a basis for determining the size of the central block in the early stages of the design of Gameunsa Temple. The layout of the halls and pagodas of Gameunsa Temple was planned to be within a 216-cheok-by-216-cheok area, from the edge to the center, i.e., on the central axis of the temple, in the following order: the central gate and auditorium, the north-south position of Geumdang Hall, the south corridor, the east-west buildings of the auditorium and the winged corridor, the east-west corridor, and the central position of the east-west stone pagoda. (2) Second, the coexistence of Confucianism and Buddhism in the architecture of Gameunsa Temple is based on the understanding of the Golden Light Sutra, originating from the aspirations of King Munmu to obtain the immeasurable merits (陰陽調和時不越序 日月星宿不失常度 風雨隨時無諸災横) and the light of the Buddha, which is metaphorically represented by the sun and the moon illuminating the whole world of Silla, a new nation with a Confucian political ideology, for a long time by "circumambulating the Buddha (旋繞)". It is also presumed that Gyeongheung, who was appointed by King Munmu to be the Guksa in his will and appointed as the Gukro after the enthronement of King Sinmun, was deeply involved in the conception and realization of the syncretism of Confucianism and Buddhism.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.1-35
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• 1969

The structure and geologic history of the Triassic basin in southern Connecticut have been interpreted by using gravimetric data. A gravity survey of 800 gravity stations was made by the U.S. Geological Survey in the southern Connecticut area. The resulting data were reduced by the Bouguer method and then plotted and contoured along with the generalized geology. Residual gravity maps were prepared by different methods to obtain the most plausible agreement with the known geology of the area. Seven gravity profiles across the basin are presented to show the distribution of the Triassic deposits that could produce the measured anomalies. It is concluded that the basin was formed by successive step faulting in the late Triassic period and that the sediments accumulated progressively in this basin. The deepest portion of the basin is located in the middle of the present Triassic belt and reaches a depth of about 2 miles below the surface. The data also appear to indicate the possible source areas for the basalt which at present forms the lava flows, sills, and dikes exposed in the Cheshire and Gaillard regions. The information concerning the tectonic history of the Connecticut Triassic Valley aids considerably in establishing the geologic history of the Appalachians in late Triassic time.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.194-199
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• 2006

쌍천유역의 강수량과 지하수위의 관계를 분석한 결과 융설효과를 확인하였고 갈수기에 지하수위가 현저히 저하됨을 확인하였다. 쌍천유역의 지하수위와 GOI의 상관관계를 분석한 결과 70일 이동평균값을 이용한 GOI가 가장 높은 상관관계를 보여주었다. 융설효과를 고려하기 위해서 먼저 유역의 DEM 자료를 이용하여 100m 간격으로 고도별 면적분포를 구하고 기온이 100m당 $0.5^{\circ}C$씩 감소하는 것을 고려하여 강수사상이 발생하면 $0^{\circ}C$ 이하가 되는 고도에서는 강설사상이 발생하는 것으로 가정하였다. 이 때 고도별 면적분포에서 구해지는 면적비를 고려하여 강수사상을 강우와 강설로 나누었다. 이후에 고도를 고려한 기온이 $0^{\circ}C$ 이상인 날에 그 고도의 설적이 모두 녹는 것으로 가정하였고 강우가 발생한 것으로 처리하였다. 유역평균 일최대침투량을 알아내기 위하여 강수량자료를 일정값 이상은 고정하여 수정된 강수량자료로 70일 이동평균값을 구하고 이 값들과 지하수위와의 상관관계를 분석해 본 결과 40mm가 일최대침투량으로 가정하였을 때 가장 높은 상관관계를 보여주었다. 쌍천유역의 경우 40mm가 한계침투량이다. 이렇게 수정된 강수자료를 이용하여 이동평균을 구하여 지하수위와의 상관관계를 구해본 결과 쌍천유역의 2003년부터 2005년까지 2개년 자료에 대해서 융설을 고려했을 때 상관관계가 더 높아짐을 알 수 있고 한계침투량을 고려했을 때도 상관관계가 더 높아짐을 알 수 있으며 융설효과와 한계침투량을 동시에 고려했을 경우에 가장 높은 상관관계를 얻을 수 있었다.$2.8g/cm^3$로 가정했을 때, 경상분지의 화강암류의 압력평균값이 약 $0.73{\sim}3.16kbar$의 범위를 가졌고, 경상분지내 백악기 화강암류의 정치 깊이는 $2.6{\sim}11.4km$범위를 가졌다. 이는 경상분지 화강암류에 대해 유추된 기존의 정성적인 생각과 일치한다는 것을 알 수 있었고, 각섬석의 $Al^T$함량을 이용한 여러 경험적, 실험적인 압력계가 많은 제한점이 있지만 경상분지의 백악기 불국사화강암류에는 정성적으로 유효함을 알 수 있었다. 우리는 최종적으로 경상분지내 백악기 화강암류는 천부관입 암체이고 노출된 화강암류가 천부지각이라는 것을 알 수 있었다. 것이 아니라 낙관적 예측을 수행하는 경향이 있음을 발견할 수 있었다.원밭, 화산회밭으로 6개 유형으로 분류할 경우 각각의 분포면적은 41.9%, 23.3%, 17.5%, 13.9%, 1.1. 2.2% 이었다. 도시화 및 도로확대 등 다양한 토지이용 및 지형개변으로 과거의 토양정보가 많이 변경되었다. 그래서, 앞으로는 인공위성자료 및 항공사진을 이용하여 빠르고 쉽게 활용할 수 있는 토양조사 방법개발과 기 구축된 토양도의 수정, 보완 작업이 필요한 절실히 요구되고 있는 현실이다.브로 출시에 따른 마케팅 및 고객관리와 관련된 시사점을 논의한다.는 교합면에서 2, 3, 4군이 1군에 비해 변연적합도가 높았으며 (p < 0.05), 인접면과 치은면에서는 군간 유의차를 보이지 않았다 이번 연구를 통하여 복합레진을 간헐적 광중합시킴으로써 변연적합도가 향상될 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.시장에 비해 주가가 비교적 안정적인