• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.58-62
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• 1993

The effects of carbohydrate sources(sucrose, glucose) and ratio of ammonia to nitrate on essential oil production and its com- positions in the callus culture of Mentha piperita L. were studied. An ammonia : nitrate ratio of 1 :2 was more effective for essential oil production regardless of the media used ; Lin-Staba(LS) and modify Murashige-Skoog(MS) medium. Menthol biosynthesis was enhanced when ratio of ammonia to nitrate was 1 :3 in the LS medium while the ratio was 1 :2 in the MS medium. Lower sucrose concentration(20g /1 ) was much better than higher sucrose concentration(30g /1) for both oil and menthol biosynthesis in the LS medium but higher sucrose concentration(30g /1) was more effective for those in the MS medium. When sucrose was replaced with glucose, menthol biosynthesis was sharply decreased or absent regardless of media used.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.27-30
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• 1999

This experiment was conducted to investigate the change of root yield and essential oil contents by cultivated year in Asaram siebold Mio. Growth of aerial part such as plant height, leaf length and leaf width increased rapidly in two to three-year-old. Root length and root weight per plant were increased as cultivation year passed. Especially the speed of development was very fast in two and three-year-old alike aerial part. Root yield was the highest at five-year-old. The content of essential oil was decreased gradually as cultivation year passed. Methyleugenol content was increased, while safrole content was decreased by cultivated years. The increasing of methyleugenol content in four to five-year-old was not higher than three to four-year-old. In the result, it concluded that the optimum harvest time of Asarum sieboldi MiO is five-year-old cultivated based on root yield and effective medical components.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.273-284
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• 2011

The essential oil obtained by steam distillation from a medicinal plant of Artemisia princeps. The essential oil was analyzed by GC-MS. The heat treatments in roasted condition of temperatures were $80^{\circ}C$, $110^{\circ}C$, and $230^{\circ}C$, and the lengths of the time were 6 min, 10 min, and 14 min, respectively. The blanching conditions($100^{\circ}C$) of the treatments lasted 1 min, 2 min, and 5 min while the times of oven dry ($50^{\circ}C$) was 5 min. As the result, the essential oil content of the control plot was higher than the others, and that of the roasted ones was the second highest in low temperature with short treatment time. The major components were eucalyptol, cyclohexadience, phenol, terpineol, and caryopbyllene.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.240-244
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate a proper $Ca^{2+}\;:\;K^+$ ratio in nutrient solution to produce marjoram and oregano by hydroponics. Two herbs were grown for 40 days with the $Ca^{2+}\;:\;K^+$ ratio of 3.5;13, 4.5:11(standard herb's nutrient solution), 5.5:9 and 6.5:7mM${\cdot}L^{-1}$ of herb's nutrient solution developed by European Vegetable R &D Center, Belgium. The ratio of 5.5:9, and 6.5:7 mM${\cdot}L^{-1}$ showed better results in growth of marjoram than other treatments. Vitamin C contents and amounts of esential oil were the highest in the ratio of 5.5:9 and 6.5:7, respectively. Inoregano, the growth and vitamin C contents were the highest in the ratio of 5.5:9 and 6.5:7 mM${\cdot}L^{-1}$, respectively. The content (%) and amount (mg/plant) of essential oil were the highest in the ratio of 6.5:7mM${\cdot}L^{-1}$. These results indicated that 5.5:9 and 6.5:7 mM${\cdot}L^{-1}$were proper $Ca^{2+}\;:\;K^+$ ratio of nutrient solution of marjoram and oregano, respectively, by hydropoinics.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.108-114
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• 2006

This study was conducted to determine the volatile flavor compositions of the essential oil and the headspace of Capsella bursa-pastoris Medicus. Essential oil and headspace from the plant were extracted by simultaneous steam distillation extraction (SDE), and solid-phase microextraction(SPME) methods, respectively. Seventy-two compounds including 28 hydrocarbons, 4 aldehydes, 6 ketones, 16 alcohols, 4 esters, 8 acids, and 6 miscellaneous ones were identified in the leaf essential oil extracted by SDE method Sixty-eight compounds including 26 hydrocarbons, 2 aldehydes, 6 ketones, 17 alcohols, 4 esters, 6 acids, and 7 miscellaneous ones were identified in the root essential oil. According to the instrumental analyses the essential oil, phytol ($21.12\%$ in leaves, $20.94\%$ in roots) was the most abundant compound Alcohols, esters, and acids were main groups of the essential oil. On the other hand, thirty-eight compounds including 18 hydrocarbons, 3 aldehydes, 3 ketones, 9 alcohols, 2 esters, 3 miscellaneous ones were identified in the leaf headspace by SPME. In root headspace, thirty-three compounds including 16 hydrocarbons, 2 aldehydes, 1 ketone, 9 alcohols, 3 esten;, and 2 miscellaneous ones were identified. Hydrocarbons($44.02\%$ in leaves, $56.98\%$ in roots) were the main components of the headspace of Capsella bursa-pastoris Medicus.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.61 no.3
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• pp.239-243
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• 2018

Essential oils of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) seeds were extracted by three extraction methods, steam distillation extraction (SDE), hexane extraction (HE) and supercritical extraction (SE), to compare their insecticidal activities against Sitophilus oryzae and S. zeamais. Although the essential oil extracted by HE and SE did not show insecticidal activities, the essential oil extracted by SDE showed the highest insecticidal activities against S. oryzae and S. zeamais. The chemical compositions of the essential oil extracted by SDE were analyzed by GC-MS. The most abundant compounds were linalool (59.92%), camphor (7.94%), linalool oxide (7.70%), p-cymene (7.44%), ${\alpha}-pinene$ (6.44%), limonene (3.29%) and geranyl acetate (3.19%). Camphor and linalool as major constituents showed the highest insecticidal activities against S. oryzae and S. zeamais whereas other constituents did not show insecticidal activities. As a result, the essential oil extracted by SDE, camphor and linalool showed a potential for development as insecticide against the storage pests.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.79-84
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• 2000

The growth and quality differences between common thyme(Thymus vulgaris L.) and lemon thym (Thymus$\times$citriodorus) were investigated. They were grown in a hydroponics culture system (DFT) with a nutrient solution developed by the European Vegetable R&D Center in Belgium. Nutrient solution ionic strength used were 1.2, 2.4, 4.8 and 7.2 mS.cm-1. The dry matter of two thymes were increased with increasing ionic strength, while shoot length, root length and fresh weight were decreased. Chlorophyll content was higher in lemon thyme, while vitamin C content and essential oil content were higher in common thyme. The essential oil content showed a similar trend as those of growth. The main compostion of essential oil were thymol and carvacrol in common thyme, and geraniol and $\alpha$-citral in lemon thyme. The highest content of these compounds was obtained in 1.2mS.cm-1 treatment. Consequently, the ionic strength of 1.2mS.cm-1 was suitable for the production of quality thymes.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.92-97
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• 2001

This experiment was conducted to find out optimum substrate and concentration of nutrient solution for mass production of sweet basil by pot culture. Growth depending on concentration of nutrient solution was different to some extent; the growth of plants was usually better in one-fold and two-fold concentration of nutrient solution but three-fold one was poor. Plants grown in cocopeat showed better growth, but peatmoss gave an adverse effect. Sweet basil grown in substrate mixed with cocopeat and perlite (1:1, v:v) was highest in essential oil content. After all, cultural practice by one-fold concentration of herb nutrient solution in substrate mixed with cocopeat and perlite (1:1, v:v) was recommended for better growth and higher essential oil content of sweet basil.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.58-61
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• 2003

Moisture content was 79.5%, banjhi shoot was 77.8% of the total and the weight was 29.4 g/100 buds in the harvested plant leaves used for manufacturing Okro tea. Okro tea heated at 75$^{\circ}C$ for 30 min showed the best quality among all the treatmants. Chemical components such as total nitrogen, theanine, arginine and chlorophyll were high in the tea treated at 75$^{\circ}C$ for 30 min compare with those of other treatments. The sensory evalution test In terms of appearance shape color and taste showed greater preferences in Okro tea treated at 75$^{\circ}C$ for 30 min than those of other treatments. The results suggested that heat treatment at 75$^{\circ}C$ for 30 min was the best condition for the final rolling process in manufacturing of Okro tea.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.83-88
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• 1999

To find out proper harvest time and to select a variety having high yield and good quality, growth characteristics and contents of rosmarinic acid and essential oil were investigated according to harvest time of Agastache rugosa O. Kuntze collected in Korea. Only the number of flower cluster per plant among growth characteristics of 7 collections showed not significant difference. The range of dry matter weight of above-ground part used as crude drug was $666{\sim} 1328kg/10a$ and the weight of flower cluster and root was not significant among the plant parts of collections. Dry matter weight of top was the highest on Sep. 20, full-bloom stage. Rosmarinic acid contents among in 7 collections showed significant difference and the range were $0.32{\sim}2.34%$ in flower, $0.97{\sim}1.64%$ in leaf, $0.03{\sim}0.21%$ in stem and $0.91{\sim}6.56%$ in root. The contents of rosmarinic acid and essential oil in leaf was 3.76%, 5.78% before flowering and 1.55%, 4.28% after flowering respectively. The total content of rosmarinic acid of all plant parts was decreased after flowering but that of essential oil was increased after flowering.