• Title/Summary/Keyword: 정보 비대칭성

Search Result 399, Processing Time 0.026 seconds

Optimistic Concurrency Control Using Time-stamp Ordering in Mobile Databases (이동 데이터베이스 시스템에서 타임스탬프를 이용한 낙관적 동시성 제어 기법)

  • Kim Dae-Ho;Jeong Byeong-Soo;Lee Young-Koo
    • Journal of Internet Computing and Services
    • /
    • v.7 no.4
    • /
    • pp.79-90
    • /
    • 2006
  • Data broadcasting is an efficient method for disseminating data, and is widely accepted in the database applications of mobile computing environments because of its asymmetric communication bandwidth between a server and mobile clients. This requires new types of concurrency control mechanism to support mobile transactions executed in the mobile clients, which have low-bandwidths toward the server. In this paper, we propose an OCC/DTA (Optimistic Concurrency Control with Dynamic Time-stamp Adjustment) protocol that can be efficiently adapted to mobile computing environments. The protocol reduces communication overhead by using client-side validation procedure and enhances transaction throughput by adjusting serialization order without violating transaction semantics. We show that the proposed protocol satisfies data consistency requirements, and simulate that this protocol can improve the performance of mobile transactions in data broadcasting environments.

  • PDF

Negotiation Barriers and Labor Disputes (협상의 장애요인과 노사분쟁)

  • Kim, Taigi
    • Journal of Labour Economics
    • /
    • v.27 no.3
    • /
    • pp.53-73
    • /
    • 2004
  • Korea has been suffering from increases in various disputes as well as militant behavior of resolving them. Industrial relations has become a typical case. However, research on the occurrence and resolution of a dispute has been rare. Especially, it has been difficult to find a study on barriers to dispute resolution. This paper investigates psychological barriers, information barriers and institutional barriers to reduce the efficiency of negotiation. It applies them to the typical cases of labor disputes and proposes implications to improve the way to resolve labor disputes.

  • PDF

On Asymmeticity for Power Transformed TARCH Model

  • Kim, Sahm-Yong;Lee, Sung-Duck;Jeong, Ae-Ran
    • Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
    • /
    • v.16 no.2
    • /
    • pp.271-281
    • /
    • 2005
  • Zokian(1993) and Li and Li(1996) developed TARCH(Threshold ARCH) model, considering the asymmetries in volatility. The models are based on Engle(1982)'s ARCH model and Bollerslev(1986)'s GARCH model. However, two TARCH models can be expressed a common model through Box Cox Power transformation, which was used by Higgins and Bera(1992) for developing NARCH(nonlinear ARCH) model. This article shows the PTARCH(Power transformation TARCH) model is necessary in some condition, and it checks the fact that PTARCH model has better performance comparing estimates and RMSE(Root Mean Square Error) with those of Zakoian's TARCH model and Li and Li's TARCH model. PTARCH model would give contribution in asymmetric study as well as heteroscedastic study.

  • PDF

A study on the 3-D standard value of mandible for the diagnosis of facial asymmetry (안면비대칭 진단을 위한 하악골 3차원영상 계측기준치에 관한 연구)

  • Ahn, Jeong-Soon;Lee, Ki-Heon;Hwang, Hyeon-Shik
    • The korean journal of orthodontics
    • /
    • v.35 no.2 s.109
    • /
    • pp.91-105
    • /
    • 2005
  • For af accurate diagnosis and treatment planning of facial asymmetry, the use of 3-dimensional (3-D) image is indispensable. The purpose of this study was to get standard data for the 3-D analysis of facial asymmetry Computerized tomography (CT) was taken in the 60 normal occlusion individuals (30 male. 30 female) who did not have any apparent facial asymmetry. The acquired 2D CT DICOM data were input on a computer, and the reformatted 3-D images were created using a 3-D image software. Twenty three measurements were established in order to evaluate asymmetry; 15 ;omear measurements (6 for ramus length. 1 for condylar neck length, and 8 for mandibular body length) and 8 angular measurements (4 for gonial angle. 2 for frontal ramal inclination. and 2 for lateral ramal inclination) The right aid left difference of each measurement was calculated and analyzed. It is suggested that the right and left differences of the measurements obtained from the study could be used as references for the diagnosis of facial asymmetric patients.

Dynamically weighted loss based domain adversarial training for children's speech recognition (어린이 음성인식을 위한 동적 가중 손실 기반 도메인 적대적 훈련)

  • Seunghee, Ma
    • The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
    • /
    • v.41 no.6
    • /
    • pp.647-654
    • /
    • 2022
  • Although the fields in which is utilized children's speech recognition is on the rise, the lack of quality data is an obstacle to improving children's speech recognition performance. This paper proposes a new method for improving children's speech recognition performance by additionally using adult speech data. The proposed method is a transformer based domain adversarial training using dynamically weighted loss to effectively address the data imbalance gap between age that grows as the amount of adult training data increases. Specifically, the degree of class imbalance in the mini-batch during training was quantified, and the loss function was defined and used so that the smaller the data, the greater the weight. Experiments validate the utility of proposed domain adversarial training following asymmetry between adults and children training data. Experiments show that the proposed method has higher children's speech recognition performance than traditional domain adversarial training method under all conditions in which asymmetry between age occurs in the training data.

공매제도와 옵션 거래, 그리고 악재의 주가 반영 속도

  • Ok, Gi-Yul
    • The Korean Journal of Financial Management
    • /
    • v.15 no.1
    • /
    • pp.183-205
    • /
    • 1998
  • 공매(short sale)에 대한 제약이 없는 투자환경에 비해 공매에 대한 제약이 있는 투자환경에서는 주식과 같은 위험자산의 가격은 한동안 과대 평가된다. Figlewski & Webb (1993)는 공매에 대한 제약으로 인해 악재(bad news)가 주가에 과소 반영된다고 하였으며, Diamond & Verrecchia(1987)는 공매에 대한 여러 제약(short-sale constraints)으로 인해 주식시장에 호재로 작용하는 정보(favourable information)와 악재로 작용하는 정보(unfavourable information)가 주식시장에 비대칭적으로 반응하며, 악재가 주가에 더 늦게 반영된다는 것을 보였다. 그러나, 주가지수옵션의 거래는 여러 제약이 많은 공매제도로 인해 악재가 주식시장에 일시적으로 과소반영되는 비효율성을 해결해준다. 그래서 본 연구는 주가지수옵션이라는 파생금융상품의 도입으로 인해 악재의 주가 반응 속도에 어떠한 영향을 미치는 지에 대해 살펴보았다. 전환(switchig) GJR-MA(1) 모델을 이용한 실증분석 결과에 의하면, 주가지수옵션의 거래는 여러 제약이 많은 공매제도로 인해 악재가 주식시장에 늦게 반영되는 비효율성을 제거하게 되어, 옵션 도입 이후로 주식시장의 악재로 인한 변동성 충격(volatility shock)이 그 시장에 더욱 더 빨리 흡수되어 정보적 시장효율성(informational market efficiency)을 증대시키는 결과를 보였다.

  • PDF

Smart Work: Blurring Work/Nonwork Boundaries and its Consequences (스마트워크: 희미해진 업무/비업무 경계 그리고 그 결과)

  • Oh, Sangjo;Kim, Yong-Young;Lee, Heejin
    • Journal of Digital Convergence
    • /
    • v.11 no.1
    • /
    • pp.191-198
    • /
    • 2013
  • The interests in alternative office systems and solutions (called smart work in Korea) are growing. With the lens of boundary theory, this paper tries to understand the nature of work/nonwork boundaries which smart work will be expected to blur. Boundary theory provides permeability, boundary strength, and interference as its key concepts and an empirical study is performed about the individual perception on those concepts. The result of the survey from telecommuters and/or smart work center users at the Company K shows that they perceive work/nonwork permeability, boundary strength, and interference are asymmetric. The result suggests that asymmetric nature of the work/nonwork boundaries should be taken into account when alternative office systems are brought into use.

자본조달순위이론에 관한 실증연구

  • Gwak, Se-Yeong
    • The Korean Journal of Financial Studies
    • /
    • v.12 no.1
    • /
    • pp.89-104
    • /
    • 2006
  • 이 논문은 자본조달순위이론(pecking order theory)을 한국 유가증권시장에 상장된 제조기업을 대상으로 실증적 검정을 하였다. 설명변수로 기업의 자금부족(deficit)과 부채비율과의 관계를 분석한 결과 자본조달순위이론이 지지되는 결과를 얻지 못하였으며, 통제변수에 유형자산, 기업규모, 수익성 등 전통적인 자본구조영향요인 변수들을 포함시켜 분석한 결과, 정보비대칭이론에 의한 설명이 적합한 것으로 해석되었다. 유형자산이 증가할수록 부채비율은 감소하였고, 기업규모가 증가하면 레버리지가 감소하는 관계를 나타냈으며, 수익성이 증가함에 따라 부채비율이 감소하는 것으로 분석되었다. 직전년도의 부채규모가 높은 경우에는 당해 연도의 부채사용이 감소하고, 직전년도의 레버리지가 낮은 경우에는 당해 연도의 부채가 증가하는 평균회귀현상을 나타냈다.

  • PDF

3D 플라잉 디스크의 회전 운동에 따른 비정상 유동 해석

  • Park, Da-Un;Kim, Tae-Uk
    • Proceeding of EDISON Challenge
    • /
    • 2016.11a
    • /
    • pp.4-8
    • /
    • 2016
  • 본 연구에서는 플라잉 디스크를 이용하여 회전 운동의 유무에 따른 공력특성의 변화를 비교 분석하였다. 회전 운동이 발생하면 표면에 비대칭적으로 압력이 분포하기 때문에 롤링 모멘트가 발생하고 마그너스 효과로 측력이 발생하고 피칭모멘트, 회전감쇠모멘트가 발생하고 롤 안정성이 증가한다.

  • PDF

Regional Difference of Project Finance and Its Policy Implications (프로젝트 금융의 지역적 차별성과 정책적 시사점)

  • Park, Won-Seok
    • Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
    • /
    • v.11 no.4
    • /
    • pp.580-599
    • /
    • 2008
  • This paper aims at examining the existence and characteristics of regional difference in project finance in Korea. Main results of this paper are as follow. Firstly, regional difference in project finance between capital region and local can be seen partially. However, their characteristics are different from corporate finance. ANOVA tests show significant differences of excess interest rate occur in case of commercial real estate projects and significant differences of contracted terms occur in case of residential real estate projects carried out by local banks. Secondly, key factors causing the regional differences in project finance are asymmetric information for cash flow generated by the project between the capital region and local. Especially, regional differences in project finance are different from those in corporate financing because of local banks$^{\circ}{\phi}$ behaviors. They follow and act as the passive members of nationwide banks in case of the capital region projects. Thirdly, prepaid sale system and the guarantee system depending on construction companies dilute the regional differences in project finance in case of residential real estate projects. Although these systems contributed rapid growth of project finance, they may be the main factors distorting project finance market which lead to financial crisis. In these context, policy implications may be derived in order to solve the confronted problems of project finance market.

  • PDF