• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.137-146
• /
• 2002

Geomembrane, compacted clay liner, and geosynthetic clay liner (GCL) are widely used to prevent leachate from leaking to adjacent geo-environment at a municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill. Interface shear strength between GCL and geomembrane installed at a landfill side slope is important properties for the safe design of side liner or final cover systems. The interface shear strength between two geosynthetics was estimated by a large direct shear test in this study. The shear strength was evaluated by the Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion. The effects of normal stress, hydration or dry condition, and a hydration method were investigated. The test results show that the interface shear strength and shear behavior varied depending up on the level of normal stress, the type of geosynthetic combinations, and a hydration method. When GCLs were sheared after being hydrated under 6kPa loading, the results were consistent with those published by other researchers. Summaries of friction angles, normal stress and hydration condition is presented. These friction angles could be used as a reference value at a site where similar geosynthetics are installed.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
• /
• v.40 no.12
• /
• pp.1077-1085
• /
• 2016

Linear roller bearing (LRB) is an important mechanical element that is widely used in precise positioning systems that are subjected to large loads. This paper presents a new model for estimating the displacement of an LRB subjected to external forces. For this purpose, assuming that the linear motion block (LM block) is rigid, the equilibrium conditions for the LRB were obtained by solving the equilibrium equations of the rollers and the rigid LM block using the iterative Newton-Raphson method. The contact loads between the rollers and raceways were determined considering the profiled rollers. Then, the structural deformations of the LM block, subjected to the contact loads from the rigid LM block model, were computed using a finite element model for the LM block. The displacements of the LRB were then determined by superposition of the rigid LM block displacements on the induced displacements due to the structural deformations of the LM block. The proposed method was verified through comparison with a program by the bearing manufacturer.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.283-289
• /
• 2018

In automotive disc brake systems, frictional heat is not uniformly dispersed for reasons such as heat flux and thermal deformation. The thermoelastic deformation due to the frictional heat affects the contact pressure distribution and the contact load may be concentrated on the contact portion on the the disc brake surface, resulting in thermoelastic instability. In this study, thermal analysis and thermal deformation analysis considering the contact between disk and pad occurred during braking through 3D axial symmetry model with reference to the experimental equation and Kao's analysis method of contact pressure of disk and pad. ANSYS is used to analyze the thermal and elastic instability problems occurring at the contact surface between the disk and the pad, considering both the thermal and mechanical loads. A 3D axisymmetric model with direct contact between the disk and the pad was constructed to more accurately observe the thermal behavior of the disk by observing the frictional surface temperature, thermal deformation and contact thermal stress of the disk.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
• /
• v.17 no.6
• /
• pp.665-674
• /
• 2015

A TSL (Thin Spray-on Liner) which consists of polymers has a higher initial strength, faster construction time and higher waterproofing performance than the conventional cementitious shotcrete. Main supporting mechanism of TSL is the adhesion and tensile strength which is distinct from the conventional shotcrete. Even though highly in demand due to its outstanding characteristics, TSL is not yet well-known support material. In this study, to evaluate contact behavior of TSL, numerical analysis was performed with comparing result from laboratory tests. From the analysis, cohesive behavior at the contact surface between TSL and rock can be evaluated by using combination of cohesive and the damage model. In addition, results show that the cohesive stiffness controled slope between force and displacement, the fracture energy controled level of force at the contact.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
• /
• 2011.04a
• /
• pp.493-498
• /
• 2011

구름접촉피로는 차륜과 레일의 반복적인 접촉으로 인하여 발생하는 표면손상현상으로 점차 증가하는 레일손상 중 하나이다. 접촉마모 및 주기적 그라인딩보다 균열의 성장속도가 더 빨라 균열진전이 시작되는 최소균열크기(minimum crack size for growth)는 레일의 파괴방지 및 유효한 유지보수전략을 수립하는데 기초자료로 활용된다. 본 연구에서는 최소균열크기를 예측하기 위하여 차륜레일의 접촉에 영향을 미치는 주요 파라미터를 변화시키면서 최소균열크기의 변화를 살펴보았다. 이를 위하여 Fletcher와 Kapoor의 "2.5D"모델을 적용한 시뮬레이션 소프트웨어를 개발하였으며, 최대접촉하중(1174MPa), 표면마찰계수(0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4), 잔류응력, 접촉에 의한 표면마모(1.0nm/cycle), 그라인딩량(0.3mm/10MGT)을 파라미터로 하여 해석을 수행하였다. 해석결과 최소균열크기는 해석조건에 따라 1.41-1.95mm로 계산되었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Conference
• /
• 1996.04b
• /
• pp.68-72
• /
• 1996

본 연구에서는 에어오일 윤활하의 고속용 앵귤러 콘택트 볼베어링에 있어서, 여러 축방향의 하중과 윤활량의 변화에 대하여 회전속도에 따른 베어링의 마찰 토오크를 변화를 측정하고, 또한 회전속도, 하중 및 윤활량의 변화가 베어링 접촉부에서의 유막형성에 어떠한 영향을 미치는가를 알아보고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
• /
• 1999.05a
• /
• pp.38-38
• /
• 1999

매설배관은 도로 혹은 철길올 횡단하는 경우와 같이 굴착에 의한 시공이 불가능한 경우에 압업관을 사용하여 시공하며 이러한 압업관은 배관이 토양의 하중으로부터 안 전하게 유지되도록 하는 기능도 한다. 압엽관은 배관과 접촉이 되지 않도록 절연체 를 배관과의 사이에 삽업올 하도록 규정되어 있는데 여러 가지 이유로 배관과 접촉이 되기도 한디 배관과 압업관이 전기적으로 접촉되면 배관을 방식하기 위한 방식전류 를 압입관에 빼앗기게 되고 압업관 내부의 배관은 비방식 상태에 놓이게 되어 부석이 일어날 가능성이 높다. 본 연구는 실제 매설배관 현장에서 배관과 압입관의 접촉여부 에 대하여 조사한 방법 및 결과에 대한 것이다. 본 연구에서는 압업관의 접촉여부를 확인하기 위하여 다음과 같은 방법을 사용하 였다. 첫째. 배관과 압입관의 방식선위를 단순하게 측정하는 것이다. 배관과 압업관 의 전위가 같은가 다른가를 측정하는 방법이다. 둘째, 배관의 방식전류를 on, off하면서 배관과 압입판의 전위거동을 살펴보는 것이다. 셋째, 배관과 압업관을 언위적으로 접촉시켜 흐르는 전류량을 확인함으로써 접촉여부를 확인할 수 있었다. 넷째 배관을 따라 흐르는 방삭전류량을 측정하였다. 이상과 같은 방법을 사용하여 배판과 접촉된 압압관을 확인할 수 있었다. 접촉된 압입관에서 접촉지점을 확인하기 위하여 배관과 압입관 사이에 전류를 인가하고 압입 관의 양단의 배판 사이의 전위 변화를 측정하여 그 전위변화값과 인가한 전류값을 통 하여 계산된 저항올 배관의 길이로 환산하여 대략적인 접촉지점을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
• /
• v.29 no.3
• /
• pp.259-271
• /
• 2013

The purpose of this study was to make the stress distribution produced by simulated different load under two types of internal connection implant system (stepped and tapered type) by means of 3D finite element analysis, The finite element model was designed with the parallel placement of the one fixtures ($4.0mm{\times}11.5mm$) with reverse buttress thread on the mandibular 1st molar. Two models were loaded with 200 N magnitude in the vertical direction on the central position of the crown, the 1.5 mm and 3 mm buccal offset point from the central position of the fixture. The oblique load was applied at the angle of $30^{\circ}$ on the crown surface. Von Mises stress value was recorded and compared in the fixture-bone interface in the bucco-lingual dimension. The results were as follows; 1. The loading conditions of two internal connection implant systems (stepped and tapered type) were the main factor affecting the equivalent bone strain, followed by the type of internal connections. 2. The stepped model had more mechanical stability with the reduced max. stress compared to $11^{\circ}$ tapered models under the distributed oblique loading. 3. The more the contact of implant-abutment interface to the inner wall of implant fixture, the less stress concentration was reduced.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
• /
• v.21 no.3 s.61
• /
• pp.295-301
• /
• 2000

It is known that among many factors, relative micromotion at bone/implant interfaces can hinder bone ingrowth into surface pores of an implant. Loading conditions, mechanical properties of spinal materials, friction coefficients at the interfaces and geometry of spinal segments would affect the relative micromotion and spinal stability. A finite clement model of the human lumbar spine segments (L4-L5) was constructed to investigate the mechanical sensitivity at the interfaces between bone and cage. Relative micromotion. Posterior axial displacement. bone stress, cage stress and friction force were predicted in changes of friction coefficients, loading conditions. bone density and age-related material/geometric properties of the spinal segments. Relative micromotion (slip distance in a static loading means relative micromotion in routine activity) at the interfaces increased significantly as the mechanical properties of cancellous bone, annulus fibers or/and ligaments decrease or/and as the friction coefficient at the interfaces decreases. The contact normal force at the interfaces decreased as cancellous bone density decreases or/and as the friction coefficient increases A significant increase of slip distance at anterior annulus occurred with an addition of torsion to compressive preload. Relative micromotion decreased with an increase of disc area. In conclusion. relative micromotion, stress response. Posterior axial displacement and contact normal force are sensitive to the friction coefficient of the interfaces, bone density, loading conditions and age-related geometric/material changes.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.223-231
• /
• 2007

Considering wind speed uncertainty, reliability analysis of the LNG unloading arm at Tongyoung Production Site was performed. Extreme distribution of wind speed was estimated from the data collected at the weather center and wind load was calculated using wind velocities and coefficients of wind pressure. The unloading arm was modeled with plate and solid elements. Contact elements were used to describe the interface between base of structure andground. Response surface for maximum effective stress was found for reliability analysis and then reliability functions was defined and used to determine exceeding probability of allowable and yield stresses. In addition, sensitivity analysis was also performed to estimate the effect of possible material deterioration in the future.