• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.292-301
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• 2023

Purpose: This study attempted to present a strategy to increase behavioral vaccination intention by identifying factors affecting parents' intention to have their children vaccinated against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by applying the modified theory of planned behavior. Methods: An online survey was conducted with 146 parents of children aged 5 to 17 from August 1 to 30, 2022, and, as a result, 146 data were analyzed. The moderating effect of perceived behavioral control in the relationship between parents' attitude, subjective norms, and behavioral intention for children's COVID-19 vaccination was analyzed using the Process Macro (10,000 bootstrapping, 95% confidence interval), and a simple slope analysis was performed to identify differences by group. Results: The moderating effect of perceived behavioral control was statistically significant in the relationship between parent's attitude and subjective norms for COVID-19 vaccination and behavioral intention. In the simple slope analysis, the reinforcement effect was greatest when the level of perceived behavioral control was high. Conclusion: Since vaccination is most likely when recommended by healthcare providers, it is necessary to ensure that health education through community health experts or mass media can be effectively conducted. In particular, objective information on the effectiveness and safety of COVID-19 vaccinations for children, including monitoring of potential side-effects, should be actively reported.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.715-723
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was done to evaluated the effects of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination education on college women's knowledge of HPV, health beliefs (perceived severity and perceived susceptibility), and preventive behavior intention. Methods: A nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design with repeated measures was used. Participants were 125 female college students in one university, assigned to an experimental group (72 students) and control group (53 students). Results: Two weeks after the intervention, the experimental group reported higher scores of knowledge, perceived severity, perceived susceptibility, and preventive behavior intention than the control group. All follow-up scores except intention measured at 5 weeks after the intervention from the experimental group remained still higher than those from the control group. Conclusion: The results suggest that the variable of preventive behavior intention which is believed to be the closest predictor of real vaccination rate could be affected by the education, but did not remain at the same level at 5 weeks. Therefore, additional interventions may need to be provided before the educational effect on preventive behavior intention is greatly diminished.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.33-46
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify factors that affect the intention of HPV vaccination in 12-year-old female adolescents and their mothers. Method: A descriptive study was conducted with 64 HPV-unvaccinated female adolescents and their mothers in W city, Republic of Korea. Data collection was conducted from October to November in 2019. The data were analyzed using SPSS WIN 24.0 Program. Descriptive statistics, paired t-test, independent t-test, χ²-test and logistic regression analysis were conducted. Result: According to the results, 57.8% and 62.5% of female adolescents and mothers had the intentions of HPV vaccination, respectively. In the logistic regression analysis for the factors affecting female adolescents' and mothers' HPV vaccination intentions, there was no significant factor in female adolescents. In the case of mothers, the significant factors were cervical cancer knowledge and perceived disability. Conclusion: In order to increase the HPV vaccination rate, educational programs are needed to provide knowledge of cervical cancer. A variety of intervention strategies should be developed to decrease the perceived disability of HPV vaccination health beliefs.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.93-102
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the factors that influence the practices and the intentions of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination among adolescent daughters' mothers. The focus is on the mothers' HPV knowledge and sex-related communication with their daughters. Methods: The participants were 298 mothers with middle or high school student daughters. Participants were conveniently selected from a mothers' association and churches in Seoul, Cheonan and Asan city. Information on their demographics, HPV vaccination-related knowledge, sex-related communication, and intention of receiving HPV vaccination were obtained through questionnaires. The results were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the $x^2$ test and logistic regression with SPSS for Windows 21.0 software. Results: The rate of HPV vaccination, the awareness of the HPV vaccine and the rate of giving correct answers to HPV knowledge questions were 13.1%. 84.6%, and 36.3%, respectively. The factors that influenced HPV vaccination most were their family history of cervical cancer, educational backgrounds and awareness of the HPV vaccine. The intention to receive HPV vaccination was mainly influenced by HPV knowledge. However, sex-related communication did not affect the mothers' intention of obtaining HPV vaccination. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that strategies to educate mothers with adolescent daughters on HPV are necessary. In addition, this study strongly recommends further studies be planned to examine sex-related communication between mothers and daughters.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.223-230
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• 2019

This study aimed to analyze previous studies on cervical cancer preventive education programs for parents. Data from January 2007 to November 2017 were searched via PubMed, Science Direct and CINAHL in foreign search databases, and RISS and Dbpia in domestic search databases. A total of 329 papers were searched, and 7 papers were finally selected based on the selection criteria and the exclusion criteria. Power point(PPT), leaflet, brochure and text messages were used as method for program education and among which, PPT were used the most. As a result of education program effect, it is found that parent's knowledge on HPV and intention for preventive inoculation became increased and rate of actual inoculation indeed higher. This analysis indicates there is a big need for cervical cancer preventive education program developing for parents in Korea and accordingly, various study for programs are expected to be performed.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.335-345
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• 2010

The objective of this study was to model the kinetics of S. aureus survival on high risk foods in school foodservice operations. After inoculating S. aureus ATCC25923 onto the various high risk foods, the effects of competitive microorganism, storage temperatures($25^{\circ}C$, $35^{\circ}C$), and initial contamination levels ($1.0{\times}10^2\;CFU/g$, $1.0{\times}10^5\;CFU/g$) on the growth of S. aureus were investigated. Lag time decreased and specific growth rate increased with a storage temperature ($25^{\circ}C$<$35^{\circ}C$) and with a higher initial inoculation level ($1.0{\times}10^2\;CFU/g$<$1.0{\times}10^5\;CFU/g$). Previously it was shown that S. aureus is a weaker competitor than other organisms, but it proliferates aggressively in a noncompetitive environment. However, in our study, when S. aureus was used to inoculate japchae (glass noodles with sauteed vegetables) and meat ball, the growth of S. aureus was similar and more active with competitive organisms than that without competitive organisms. Regardless of other factors, the initial level of S. aureus was a more significant factor of the growth. High inoculation levels of S. aureus were reached at 6 log CFU/g within 3 hours. An incubation temperature of $35^{\circ}C$ and the animal protein component of menu items also were identified as significant factors influencing the growth of S. aureus. Therefore, the duration of time meals are stored before serving should be considered a critical control point. Food service providers must control time and temperature to insure the safety of cooked foods.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.126-134
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify impacts of HPV-related knowledge, attitude to HPV vaccination, and health beliefs on infection preventive behavioral intention targeting female university students. Methods: With correlational survey design, subjects of this study were 120 female students at universities located in B metropolitan city and G city. A total sample agreed to participate in the study. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, correlation, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: Attitude to HPV vaccination, experience of smoking, and HPV-related health beliefs were significant factors influencing the HPV-related infection preventive behavioral intention. These factors accounted for 19.0% of the HPV-related infection preventive behavioral intention. Conclusion: The most significant factor for HPV infection prevention was the attitude to HPV vaccination. These findings may be useful to develop strategies to improve the HPV infection preventive behavioral intention of the female university students who have a high risk of the HPV infection.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.71-79
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify effects of attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavior control toward Human Papillomavirus (HPV) on HPV vaccination intention in female high school students. Methods: Subjects of this study were female students aged 16 to 17 years, the optimal age group of HPV vaccination, arbitrarily selected from three high schools in B city. A total of 140 students agreed to participate in this study. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, correlation, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: Attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavior control toward HPV were factors influencing HPV vaccination intention of subjects. Perceived behavior control toward HPV vaccination was the most influential factor. These factors accounted for 49% of HPV vaccination intention. Conclusion: These results suggest a need to increase perceived behavior control to increase HPV vaccination intention. The government needs to establish a national policy system such as financial support for HPV vaccines and free vaccinations so that students are aware that HPV vaccines can be easily inoculated.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.59-69
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify and compare the factors associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination intention between male and female high school students. The focus is on the knowledge, attitudes and health beliefs related to HPV. Methods: The participants were 246 male and 298 female students from an academic high school located in Seoul. Data were collected in June 2017, which were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the chi-test, t test, Mann-Whitney U test, Pearson correlation coefficients and logistic regression with SPSS for Windows 21.0. Results: 47.6% of the male participants and 86.2% of the female participants indicated HPV vaccination intention. The median score of the HPV knowledge level was 0 (total score:16) in the boys and 3 in the girls (p<.001). There were significant differences in attitudes and health beliefs related to HPV by gender. Religion (OR=0.50), sexual experience (OR=0.09), safety concerns (OR=0.65), perceived needs (OR=1.59), importance of prevention (OR=1.78) and perceived susceptibility (OR=1.80) determined HPV vaccination intention in the male students, whereas awareness of HVP vaccination (OR=2.25) and importance of prevention (OR=1.92) significantly predicted HPV vaccination intention in the female students. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that different strategies need to be taken for different genders: education focusing on safety concerns as well as perceived needs, importance of prevention and perceived susceptibility for male students and education emphasizing importance of prevention for female students.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.318-329
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• 2021

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify factors affecting COVID-19 vaccination and associated side effects among health care workers in a small and medium-sized hospital. Methods: In May 2021, 301 workers out of a total of 670 working in a small and medium-sized hospital in Gyeonggi-do, were surveyed. The small and medium-sized hospital treats patients with COVID-19. Health care workers across different medical institutions responded with self-reported internet questionnaires. Factors influencing COVID-19 vaccination were analyzed via logistic regression. Results: Out of 301 subjects, 89.0% showed an intention to inoculate, and 85.7% were vaccinated against COVID-19. The most frequent reason for vaccination was responsibility as a medical worker. The fear of adverse reactions was the most frequent reason for non-vaccination. Adverse reactions after inoculation occurred in 70.9% of cases, and 30.6% were referred for treatment of adverse reactions. The factors ultimately influencing COVID-19 vaccination were vaccination intention, previous side effects from other vaccinations, occupation, and age. Conclusion: In order to improve the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination, a systematic approach is required to determine the risk factors associated with the young age of the administrative staff/personnel, subjects with a history of side effects associated with other vaccines, and health care workers who do not intend to be vaccinated. It is important to develop strategies to improve immunization. In addition, accurate and essential information regarding the side effects of vaccination is needed, along with appropriate education and publicity.