• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.59 no.6
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• pp.696-699
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• 2005

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum(SPM) is an uncommon disease that is defined as the nontraumatic presence of free air in the mediastinum without any apparent underlying disease. We report a case of recurrent spontaneous pneumomediastinum without any direct precipitating cause. A 21-year-old woman was admitted to hospital suffering from chest pain that occurred during walking (?). She had previously been well. She did not complain of cough or vomiting prior to this presentation. Upon admission, the physical examination and Electrocardiogram findings were normal. The chest x-ray and chest computed-tomography showed a pneumomediastinum. She was successfully managed conservatively. Twenty seven months later, she was readmitted with chest pain, which again occurred during the same activity. The recurrent SPM was confirmed by the chest x-ray and chest computed-tomography. She was managed in the same manner as before and made an uneventful recovery. This is the first case of recurrent SPM in Korea.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.51
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• pp.65-86
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• 2010

This paper reviews the problems and opportunities of Japanese newspaper industry. In the focus are particularly issues related to causes of the crisis and reacting strategies overcoming the crisis. To answer the questions, we conducted in-depth interviews with top-level managers of major newspaper companies in Japan. Secondary data were gathered to complement the interview. Top managers mainly perceived the causes of the crisis as young readers' alienation from newspaper due to the change of media environment and structural factors such as increasing production/distribution costs and diminishing appeals for advertisers. They are implementing several strategies to overcome this crisis - developing newspaper content for young readers; packaging customized on-off line advertisement; extending news distribution via online and mobile platforms; diversifying business into diverse sectors such as real-estate; enhancing brand equity of newspaper; and collaborating with rival newspaper companies in operating news site and joint printing/distribution. Lessons from the case of Japanese newspaper industry may be useful starting points for the Korean newspaper companies agonizing for diminishing circulation and advertising revenues.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.02b
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• pp.345-352
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• 2007

오늘날 휴대폰은 20~30대의 젊은 사용자 층뿐 아니라, 고령사용자 및 아동사용자들로 확대되면서 다양한 사용자층을 포함하게 되었다. 이렇게 사용자층은 다양해지고 있으나, 휴대폰 제조사들은 다양한 사용자 계층의 인지능력과 요구사항을 반영하진 못한 채, 20~30대의 젊은 주 사용자 층을 기준으로 디자인하고 있다. 특히, 하드웨어적인 디자인 측면에서는 다각화가 이루어지고 있는 편이나, 소프트웨어 측면에서의 시도는 거의 미비하다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 다양한 사용자 계층에 따른 유동적 인지능력 및 요구사항, 감성에 맞는 맞춤형 My메뉴(Menu)를 설정할 수 있는 휴대폰 UI 디자인을 제안하고자 한다. 특히, 주 사용자 층과는 다른 사용패턴을 보이는 어린이들을 위한 개인화된 My메뉴를 설정하는 인터랙션 UI 디자인 개발하여 제안하였다. 본 논문은 먼저, 문헌과 사례분석으로 통해 기존 휴대폰 제조사와 서비스 사업자들의 메뉴 개인화를 위한 다양한 시도를 조사하였다. 또한, 어린이들의 사용 패턴과 메뉴의 사용 빈도 등을 파악하기 위하여 사용자 조사 방법을 두가지 방법으로 진행하였다. 우선 2006년 7월말부터 8월 10일까지 2주에 걸쳐, 만 9세~12세의 초등학교 아동사용자 남여 10명을 대상으로 휴대폰 사용의 전반적인 특성과 사용행태을 파악하고, 환경설정 및 주 사용메뉴를 조사하기 위한 심층인터뷰를 시행하였다. 그리고 1차 인터뷰 내용을 바탕으로 설문지를 작성하였다. 이번 설문에서는 주 사용메뉴가 무엇이며 사용빈도는 어느 정도 되는지 선호하는 메뉴형식과 용어의 어려움은 없었는지를 파악했다. 또한 사용자가 자주 사용하는 메뉴를 대기화면에 가져다 놓고 싶은지를 물어 직접적인 휴대폰 대기화면의 사용여부를 파악하였다. 2006년 12월 일주일동안, 1차 인터뷰의 아동사용자와 동일한 연령대의 아동사용자 남여 총46명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하여 더욱 정량화된 데이터를 얻을 수 있었다. 이를 바탕으로 사용자 연령과 성별에 따라 기본 디폴트 My메뉴(Menu)를 제공하는 방법, My메뉴의 항목과 우선순위, 테마를 설정하여 개인화하는 UI 디자인을 도출하였다. 본 연구는 아동사용자를 대상으로 휴대폰의 소프트웨어 UI 중 메뉴를 사용자 맞춤형으로 설정할 수 있는 방법과 인터랙션을 디자인하여 제시하였다. 이러한 소프트웨어적인 UI 개인화 시도는 다양한 사용자 계층의 요구사항을 반영하는 보다 효율적인 방법으로써 사용자 만족과 사용성을 높이는 효과를 가져올 수 있을 것이다.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.449-465
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• 2011

This study was performed to investigate the effects of food habits and life style on the skin health of young Korean females in their late teens and twenties. The study focused on facial skin and used a self-administered questionnaire survey, an examination of skin type, and pH tests. More than half of the females had combination skin type or pH level higher than 5.8 which is regarded as normal. The variables that turned out to significantly (p<0.05) effect their facial skin types were body mass index (BMI), the type of residence, the amount of water intake, whether or not they intake drinks, the frequency and amount of alcohol drinking, favorite foods as side dishes at meals, intake frequency of fruit, the dairy, seaweed, and fast food, the frequency of washing their faces per day, the method of how they used water during face washing, whether or not they had professional skin care, and whether or not they wore color make up. The variables of the females' age, BMI, the amount of alcohol drinking, the frequency and duration of exercise, the controlling methods of stress, their favorite foods as side dishes at meals, and the intake frequency of soy products or animal foods significantly affected their facial pH levels (p<0.05). The results of this study indicate that some food habits and life styles are significantly related with facial skin health. More importantly BMI and favorite foods as side dishes during daily food intake could have remarkable effects on facial skin health.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.283-294
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• 2015

Through the film 'Miss Granny', we analyzed a variety of structures. Social awareness of the cultural content of the film shown in the form of elderly social psychology, combination of approaches, role structural analysis of the people around centered the main character, acceleration structure analysis of the people around, the atmosphere structural analysis according to the environment of the people around. By these analysis, the elderly mentality was noticed by sociological theory related to the elderly. The formation of negative stereotypes and perceptions in what young people have a bias and unconscious, conscious discrimination against the elderly was mentioned in conclusion. Because the positive changes in recognition of the elderly is necessary, collective prejudice should be eliminated. The social atmosphere composition that can empathize with the sentiment of the elderly in the pursuit of youth and the necessity to develop generation integrated social programs with that younger generation and older generation sympathize together were suggested. were heartfelt suggested.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.79-88
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• 2015

Creative economy has been characterized by ideas popularized commercialization. The commercialization of the idea is to develop a creative economy virtuous circle tool, entrepreneurship and start-ups for this serves as a key driver of the creative economy. Convergence, complex thinking and creative planning ability is always a lot from the 20s came a young man. So young age of entrepreneurship and entrepreneurship education, and is easily capable of founding a new culture is created by the right products and services they lead the more outstanding talent in the way of entrepreneurship creates even young and energetic national economy. Such a wide range of system implementation and curriculum development to complete the creative economy with ecology is also a very critical situation. The development of a systematic entrepreneurship curriculum that promote creative thinking and planning ability for creative convergence of economic times is a top priority. The present study considered that the early stages of convergence entrepreneurship program presents a convergence process of entrepreneurship education through a process-oriented research based on statistics.

• Journal of Teachers' Pension
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• v.5
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• pp.11-50
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• 2020

본 연구는 폐교로 인한 연금수급자가 근로소득 또는 사업소득 등 추가적인 소득이 발생할 경우에 기존 소득심사제도와 동일하게 적용을 하고 있는 현행 제도의 문제점을 지적하고 이에 대한 개선안을 제시하고자 한다. 폐교로 인한 퇴직연금수급자가 사학기관에 재취업을 하게 되면 연금은 전액 정지되지만, 일반 국민연금 가입기관에 재취업을 하게 되면 일반적인 소득심사를 적용받게 된다. 폐교에 따른 연금을 수령하는 연령층 중에는 일부 젊은 층도 포함되고 있어 근로활동이 왕성한 시기임에도 불구하고 연금을 수령하고 있어 결과적으로 사학연금 재정에 막대한 영향을 미치고 있다. 이러한 상황을 감안하여 재취업의 대상 기관에 따라 차별화되고 있는 현행 폐교 연금수급자의 지급정지에 대한 법 적용을 동일하게 적용할 여지가 있다고 판단된다. 본 연구에서는 다음과 같은 개선방안을 제시하였다. 첫째, 폐교로 인하여 퇴직할 경우에는 연금을 조기에 수령하게 되는데, 연금제도는 본래 은퇴 후의 소득을 보장받기 위한 것이나 현행 폐교로 인한 연금 지급은 근로가 가능한 젊은 층일 경우에도 지급하고 있어 추가적인 소득이 발생할 경우에는 퇴직소득심사제를 더욱 강화하여야 한다. 둘째, 연금 지급액보다 높은 추가 소득이 발생할 경우 또는 공무원 평균연금월액을 초과하는 경우에는 연금을 전액 또는 반액 정지하는 방안을 모색하여야 한다. 셋째, 연금재정의 안정화를 위하여 폐교로 인하여 연금을 수령하고 있는 수급자에 대하여는 현행보다 강화된 소득심사제를 적용하여야 한다. 본 연구는 최근 폐교로 인한 연금수급자가 증가하고 있는 상황하에서 퇴직소득심사제에 대한 개선안을 모색해보았다는 점에서 의의가 있다고 할 수 있다. 폐교로 인한 연금지급액은 해마다 급증하고 있는 추세에 있으며, 이로 인해 연금재정 소요액은 더욱 증가할 것으로 예상되고 있고 연금재정의 악화요인으로 작용하고 있다. 그러므로 폐교로 인한 연금을 수령 시에는 현행보다 강화된 소득심사의 적용이 필요하다고 본다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.5211-5217
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• 2012

This study was to evaluate the effects of foot strengthening exercise to improve hallux valgus in young of hallux valgus with flexible flatfoot. Subjects 28 people were randomly divided by the foot strength group(n=14) and control group(n=14). In a period of 8 weeks, they put on I.D.W. Experimental group took foot strengthening exercise for 20 minutes 3 times a week during 8 weeks. Foot structure and max pressure were evaluated by hallux angle, 1~2 metatarsal angle, navicular height, 1st phalange, 2~5phalange, 1st metatarsal, 2nd metatarsal, 3rd metatarsal, 4th metatarsal, 5th metatarsal, mid foot, medial hind foot, lateral hind foot. There were significantly increased by exercise group in outcomes of the structural and plantar foot pressure from hallux angle, 1~2 metatarsal angle, 1st phalange, 1st metatarsal, 2nd metatarsal, 3rd metatarsal, mid foot. The result suggest that foot strengthening exercise is feasible and suitable for individuals with hallux valgus with flexible flatfoot.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.153-174
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• 2017

The cultural values of the traditional way and the current cultural values of young people are very different, and the rejection of cross-cultural contact is greatly reduced because Korean young people easily accommodate other cultures of the US, Europe or Asia. At present, the cultural values of the traditional way and the current cultural values of young people are very different, and the youthfulness of Korean young people easily accepts other cultures of the US, Europe or Asia, so the resistance to cross - cultural contact is greatly reduced. The purpose of this study is to find out how the younger Korean youths are forming the change of the foreign culture and how the negotiation will proceed according to the formation of these cultures. The results of the analysis show that Korean young people have collectivism cultural rights and that they are consistent with the previous research that there is tendency to avoid uncertainty. On the other hand, there is a tendency of opposition as a result of the empirical analysis that the Koreans have a strong orientation, a high power interval, and strong masculinity. Also, as a result of analyzing the changes in Korean culture that belongs to the high background culture, Korean young people tend to be centered in the past and decision makers tend to decide by the chief executive. On the other hand, Korean young people were denied all the verifiable cultural attributes that cultural properties and communication that maintain openness to share space exposures and office space are non - verbal, tacit communication and time observation are very long and uncertain.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.194-201
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• 2020

Latency and amplitude are the measurement parameters of mismatch negativity (MMN). The values of the parameters vary sensitively with the stimulus paradigm. A paradigm using the frequency difference of sounds for the MMN study is well known. This study obtained the reference values of the parameters in healthy young adults by performing the MMN study using the frequency paradigm. The authors recruited ten healthy adults. Their average age was 25.5 years; three were female, and seven were male. On the auditory paradigm for the MMN study, the frequency of sound was 1000 Hz for the standard stimulus, and 1032 Hz for the deviant stimulus. The mean values of latency and amplitude of MMN were 202 ms and 1.88 ㎶ at Fz, 207 ms, and 1.46 ㎶ at Cz, 212 ms, and 1.10 ㎶ at C3, and 214 ms and 1.45 ㎶ at C4. There was no correlation between the latency and amplitude of MMN. This study presented the reference values of the latency and amplitude of the MMN using a standard paradigm that is easy to apply. This information may make the MMN useful for clinical applications and basic research.