• Korean Security Journal
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• no.59
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• pp.161-188
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• 2019

Not much is known about the factors of North Korean refugees willingness to report crime. Based on the survey of 800 North Korean refugees living in the metropolitan area of South Korea, this study examined the theoretical factors influencing North Korean refugees' willingness of reporting crime. Focusing on the legal cynicism, procedural justice, and the behavior of law theory, this research verified that procedural justice model is most important in explaining their willingness to report crime. Variables under procedural justice model(i.e., perceived fairness of the law, confidence in the law, and perceived necessity of the law) were significant in an expected direction. On the other hand, most of the hypotheses based on social conditions derived from the five types of stratification, morphology, culture, organization, and social control presented by Donald Black (1974) showed no significant effects on the intent to report crime among North Korean refugees. Implications for research and policies were discussed based on the findings.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.323-331
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• 2017

In this paper, four types of deposition control processes such as temperature, pressure, input/output(I/O), and gas were replaced by the Internet of Things(IoT) to analyze the data load and sequence procedure before and after the application of it. Through this analysis, we designed the load balancing in the sensing area of the deposition process by creating the sequence diagram of the deposition process. In order to do this, we were modeling of the sensor I/O according to the arrival process and derived the result of measuring the load of CPU and memory. As a result, it was confirmed that the reliability on the deposition processes were improved through performing some functions of the equipment controllers by the IoT. As confirmed through this paper, by applying the IoT to the deposition process, it is expected that the stability of the equipment will be improved by minimizing the load on the equipment controller even when the equipment is expanded.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.589-600
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to identify the influence factors on understanding the financial structure and activating of citizen participation budgeting system, which is implemented local governments. And Identify the factors that will influence participation intention of citizen participation budgeting system The activating citizen participation factors previously classified as sub-factors in the Edbon & Flanklin's(2006) design of the budget process was constituted independent variables to accomplish research purpose. the results were as follows in summary. First, The significant affecting variables for activating the citizen participation budgeting system were found to the policy perception, the committee representation, the fairness of the selection process, the budget project adequacy for regional development, the methods of budget allocation. Second, The significant affecting variables for understanding financial structure were found to the policy perception, the committee representation, the fairness of the selection process, the guidelines given by the local government. Finally, The Activating citizen participation budgeting system and understanding financial structure also showed the significant variables to the participation intention. However, It was the Limitation of this study that it's results did't represent all regions because of operating citizen participation budgeting system in Jeju.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.78-90
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• 2016

This report is to introduce detail processes during the restoration/revision project for the Korean Standard Methods for Marine Environment. The processes are composed of 3 steps: questionaries, QA/QC confirming step by CRM(Certified Reference Materials), and advisory council by specialists. The questionaries required four main topics to be included to the restoration/revision protocol: 1. the guidelines to sampling, transportation, storage, and pre-analytical procedures for the marine specimens, 2. the unified analytical method, especially for the organic compounds, 3. the QA/QC test requirement for CRM, 4. introduction of diverse analytical instruments, 5. the customer- friendly express of the protocol. Based on these new protocol, we expect two most important effects: 1, increased insurance of international credibility and equivalence by the QA/QC procedures, 2. increased conformability and representatively from wide-spread use of the protocol. Finally we suggested several residual topics remained to the inter-government cooperation.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.177-200
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• 2017

This writer have thus far reviewed the civil and criminal obligations of the directors of a parent company that sponsored financially troubled affiliates. What was discussed here applies to logistics companies in the same manner. Hanjin Shipping cannot expect its parent company, Korean Air to prop it up financially. If such financial aid is offered without any collateral, under Korean criminal law, the directors of the parent company bears the burden of civil and criminal responsibility. One way to get around this is to secure fairness in terms of the process and the content of aid. Fairness in terms of process refers to the board of directors making public all information and approving such aid. Fairness in terms of content refers to impartial transactions that block out any possibilities of the chairman of the corporate group acting in his private interest. In the case of Korean Air bailing out Hanjin, the meeting of board of directors were held five times and a thorough review was conducted on the risks involved in the loans being repaid or not. After the review, measures to guard against undesirable scenarios were established before finally deciding on bailing out Hanjin. As such, there are no issues. In terms of the fairness of content, too, there were practically no room for the majority shareholder or controlling shareholder to pocket profits at the expense of the company. This is because the continued aid offered to a financially troubled company (i.e. Hanjin Shipping) was a posing a burden to even the controlling shareholder. This writer argues that the concept of the interest of the entire corporate group needs to be recognized. That is, it must be recognized that the relationship of control and being controlled between parent company and affiliate company, or between affiliate companies serves a practical benefit to the ongoing concern and growth of the group and is therefore just. Moreover, the corporate group and its affiliates, as well as their directors and management must recognize that they have an obligation to prioritize the interests of the corporate group ahead of the interests of the company that they are directly associated with. As such, even if Korean Air offered a loan to Hanjin Shipping without collateral, the act cannot be treated as an offense to law, nor can the directors be accused of damages that they bear the responsibility of compensating under civil law.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.191-197
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• 2023

The purpose of the study was to provide an educational environment for designing and producing virtual reality practice contents that can be used in semiconductor production lines and clean rooms. Through this process, the user can acquire practical knowledge through experiences close to reality, such as experiencing the main semiconductor solar cell manufacturing facilities as well as procedural knowledge before and after entering the clean room.. In particular, it provides users with an immersion experience close to reality by creating an environment for experiential content necessary for semiconductor and solar cell manufacturing processes and clean room entrance procedure experiential content, which is expected to improve education immersion, realism, cost, efficiency, and education satisfaction. Depending on the characteristics of Dangerous, Impossible, Counter-productive etc, immersive content makes learners immersed in the learning content, induces proactive/active learning, and embodies the learning content, resulting in positive results in the field of improving educational effectiveness.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.65-81
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• 2014

Although the study of IT services has increased in recent years, few study have focused on trust based recovery process. Additionally, users of IT services have different use purpose depending on service type. Therefore, the purposes of this research is to propose trust recovery model of smartphone applications and to examine the moderating effect of service type on the use of smartphone applications. To achieve research purposes, we suggested service failure type using the scenario technique and empirically verified by conducting survey. The results showed that the procedural justice and interpersonal justice have influence on trust and trust had an effect on the all quality factors (system, information, service quality). Also, information quality and service quality had an effect on the customer loyalty. Finally, service type had significant moderating effects on the relationship between perceived justice and quality.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2011.08a
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• pp.341-341
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• 2011

최근 AMOLED 구동이 가능한 소자에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행중이다. AMOLED구동 가능소자는 LTPS TFT, a-Si TFT, OTFT, Oxide TFT가 있으며 그 중에서 현재 대부분 LTPS TFT를 사용하고 있다. LTPS TFT는 높은 전자 이동도와 안정성을 가지고 있기 때문에 현재 각광 받는 AMOLED에 잘 맞는다. 하지만 LTPS TFT는 고비용, 250$^{\circ}C$ 이상의 공정온도, Substrate가 Glass, Metal로 제한 된다는 문제점이 있으며, 균일성이 낮고 현재 대면적 기술이 부족한 상태이다. 해결방안으로 AMOLED를 타겟으로 하는 Oxide TFT 기술이 떠오르고 있다. Oxide TFT는 이동도가 높고 저온공정이 가능하며 Substrate로 Plastic 기판을 사용할 수가 있어 차후에 Flexible 소자로서의 적용이 가능하다. 또한 기존의 진공장비 사용대신 용액공정이 가능하여 장비사용시간 및 절차를 단축시킬 수 있어 비용적인 유리함을 가지고 있다. Oxide TFT는 단결정 산화물과 다결정 복합 산화물 두 가지 범주를 가지고 있다. Oxide TFT의 재료물질은 ZnO, ZTO, IZO, SnO2, Ga2O3, IGO, In2O3, ITO, InGaO3(ZnO)5, a-IGZO이 있다. 본 연구에서는 산화물질 중 하나인 ZTO를 이용하여 TFT 소자를 제작하였다. 산화물 특성상 열처리 온도에 따라 형성되는 결정의 정도가 다르기 때문에 온도 및 시간 변수에 따른 ZTO의 특성변화에 초점을 맞추어 연구함으로서 최적화된 조건을 찾고자 실험을 진행하였다. 실험을 위한 기판으로 n-type wafer을 사용하였다. PE-CVD 장비를 이용하여 SiNx를 120 nm 증착하고, ZTO 용액을 spin-coating을 이용하여 channel layer을 형성하였다. 균일하게 형성된 ZTO의 결정을 위하여 200$^{\circ}C$, 300$^{\circ}C$, 400$^{\circ}C$, 500$^{\circ}C$에서 1시간, 3시간, 6시간, 10시간의 온도 및 시간 변수를 두어 공기 중에서 열처리 하였다. ZTO는 약 30 nm 두께로 형성되었다. Thermal evaporator를 이용하여 Source, Drain의 알루미늄 전극을 형성하고, wafer 뒷면에는 Silver paste를 이용하여 Gate전극을 만들었다. 제작된 소자를 dark room temperature에서 측정하였다.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.18 no.4 s.70
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• pp.427-434
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• 2005

In this study, to develop composite bridge deck of many advantages such as light weight, high strength, corrosion resistance and high durability, profile design, laminate design and finite element analysis were carried out. In the analysis, 5-girder single span bridge with composite deck was considered. Deflection serviceability, failure criteria and web buckling were evaluated. Composite deck of designed profile was fabricated with pultrusion process. The coupon tests were conducted for the fabricated deck and the results were described.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.3-38
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• 2019

In 1984, Congress enacted a new measure of administrative sanctions which is a civil money penalty program for violations of Aviation Act and its implementing regulations. This civil money penalty system has been in operations in lieu of suspending or revoking certificates issued by Korean government, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transport. According to the rules of Aviation Business Act or Aviation Safety Act, where the Minister of Land, Infrastructure and Transport should order an air carrier to suspend operation because of her violation under certain rules, in which case the suspension of operation is likely to cause serious inconvenience to consumers of air transport services or to harm public interest, the Minister of the department may impose an administrative monetary penalty in lieu of the suspension of operation. In this regard, airline related civil money penalties are somewhat different from those of fair trade, which is the origin of the money penalties system in Korea. Civil money penalties in the field of fair trade are imposed on executive duty violations that undermine the value of the market economy order, and focus on reimbursement of profits due to violations and compensation for unfair spending by consumers. However, in the aviation sector, breach of duty by a business operator does not simply cause the property loss of the public, but it has a direct impact on life or property of the public. In this respect, aviation penalties are more likely to be administrative sanctions or punitive measures than refunds of unfair benefits, compared to penalties in the field of fair trade. In general, civil money penalties have been highly preferred as administrative sanctions because they are subject to investigations by administrative experts and thus, efficiency can be ensured and execution is quicker than judicial procedures. Moreover, in Korea, because punitive civil damages cannot awarded by the courts, the imposition of civil money penalties is recognized as a means of realizing social justice by recognizing the legal feelings of the people. However, civil money penalties are administrative sanctions, and in terms of effectiveness, they are similar to criminal fines, which are a form of punishment. Inadequate legislation and operation of penalties imposition may cause damage to the value of Constitution. Under the above recognition, this paper has been described for the purpose of identifying the present status of the civil money penalties imposition system and operating status in the area of air transport under the laws and regulations in Korea. Especially, this paper was focused on exploring the problem and improvement direction of Korean system through the comparative study with foreign laws and regulations.