• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.615-628
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• 2013

The waterfall can be formed by difference between the height of up and down part in new channel, is formed by channel avulsion that rapidly changing of river channel course. This study described types and processes of waterfalls by channel avulsion, and analyzed rates and factors of waterfall recession, on object to 7 waterfalls in South Korea. Bulyeong falls at Uljin-gun, Yongchu falls at Yeongdeok-gun, Jikyeon falls at Yanggu-gun and Gwangpum falls at Uljin-gun are formed by natural incised meander cutoff. Samhyeongje falls at Taebaek-si and Guryong falls are formed by river capture processes, and Palbong falls at Chungju-si is formed by artificial channel cutting for farm land secured. The locations of waterfalls gradually moved to upstream over time by head erosion. The recession rates were measured by 3~4m/ka on Bulyeong falls, Yongchu falls, Jikyeon falls and Samhyeongje falls, to estimate of formation age. Recession rates of these 4 waterfalls were analyzed that have clearly positive correlations with drainage area, precipitation, corrosion and weathering capability of bedrock, and initial height of waterfall.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.91-110
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• 2003

This study analyzed data from 1997 Korea's Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Survey collected through telephone questionings based on the multi-stage stratified random sampling. We categorized respondents into those who had ever drunk an alcoholic beverage in the last month and those who didn't and, referring to the World Health Organization's guideline, the former group were further categorized into low risk drinking group and high risk drinking group. Employing bivariate probit regression analyses with censoring on independent variables such as preferred type of alcoholic beverage, the number of types of beverages consumed, age, marital status, education, occupation, residential area, current smoking, body mass index and stress suggested (1) that those who prefer soju are more likely to involve high risk drinking than those who and prefer the other alcoholic beverages (2) that those who are relatively older, who live without a partner, who have jobs, who. are vulnerable to stress, or who enjoy more than one type of beverage are more likely to be exposed to high risk drinking than the others.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.43 no.3 s.309
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• pp.50-58
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• 2006

This paper describes the implementation of an efficient Rate-Distortion Optimization algerian to speed up rate control in JPEG2000. While the conventional algorithm determines the rate constant by averaging maximum R-D slope and minimum R-D slope for entire image, the proposed algorithm determines it by using R-D slopes of coding passes located near truncation point. Moreover, the rate allocation in proposed algorithm is conducted about only coding passes excluded from the previous rate allocation. As a result, it can reduce the number of operations required for rate-distortion optimization. The proposed algorithm was implemented in C programing language and was executed on the Altera Excalibur(EPXA4) development board.

• Korean Journal of Logic
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.335-366
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• 2017

Sorensen proved that 'vague' is vague through a sorites paradox that he presented. I will show that his sorites paradox satisfies the conditions for a sorites paradox and does not satisfy those conditions. So we will face a new paradox which exemplifies inconsistency of conditions for a sorites paradox. But those conditions include a principle which says when two cases are close enough, there will be no change in truth value. It represents an essential feature of vagueness. Therefore the paradox I will present in this article is not only shows inconsistency of conditions for a sorites paradox but also shows inconsistency of vagueness itself.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.977-985
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• 2013

Many situations are classified into more than two categories in real world. In this work, we consider ROC surface and VUS, which are graphical representation methods for classification models with three categories. The standard criteria of AUC for the probability of default based on Basel II is extended to the VUS for ROC surface; therefore, the standardized criteria of VUS for the classification model is proposed. The ranges of AUC, K-S and mean difference statistics corresponding to VUS values for each class of the standard criteria are obtained. The standard criteria of VUS for ROC surface can be established by exploring the relationships of these statistics.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2000.10b
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• pp.997-1000
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• 2000

무선 인터넷 서비스에 대한 요구가 무선기술의 발전과 더불어 증가되고 있다. 하지만 현재의 인터넷 프로토콜인 IPv4에서는 IP의 이동 환경을 지원하지 못한다. 이에 여러 연구가 진행되고 있으며, IETF의 Mobile IP Working Group에서는 기존의 IPv4를 사용하면서도 이동환경을 지원하기 위한 이동 IP에 대한 연구를 진행하고 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 인터넷에서 계층적이며 효율적인 이동성 지원을 위하여 영역과 도메인, 인터 도메인으로 세분화된 환경에서의 이동성 지원을 위한 기법을 제안한다. 본 논문에서는 하나의 이동 호스트가 특정 멀티캐스트 주소로 인식되어 멀티캐스트 라우팅 프로토콜에 의한 데이터 전송 서비스를 받는다. 이에 지속적인 이동성을 가진 이동 호스트에게 절단점 없는 서비스를 제공하기 위하여 동적 멀티캐스트 경로를 재설정 함으로서 경로 설정에 의한 오버헤드와 데이터전송의 지연을 최소화한다. 이러한 방법은 영역과 도메인, 인터 도메인의 계층적인 이동성을 지원함으로서 핸드오프 지연을 감소시키며. 홈 에이전트와 대응 노드에 부가되는 부하를 줄 일 수 있다.

• Korean Journal of Logic
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.87-124
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• 2019

A dialetheic approach to the sorites paradox is to understand a borderline case as a true contradiction. In order to accommodate this approach, the possibility of an alternative that does not involve a contradiction should be considered first. Beall presents an alternative that has all virtues of dialetheic solution without contradiction. I do not think his alternative has no contradiction. Using the inclosure schema I will show it. Furthermore, I will show that all alternatives which do not accept the existence of cut-off point imply a contradiction. This means that we have to accept a true contradiction as long as we accept the intuition of vagueness, especially, what is called 'tolerance'.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.364-373
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of self-efficacy promoting reducing alcohol program on drinking related knowledge, drinking refusal self-efficacy, drinking outcome expectancy and problematic drinking behavior of women college students over 8 scores of AUDIT-K. Methods: Data were collected from 22 students with intervention program in the experimental group and 24 students with no intervention program in the control group and analyzed using ${\chi}^2$, t-test and ANCOVA. Results: The Drinking related knowledge(F=14.33, p<.001) of experimental group was significantly higher than that of control group and the optimistic drinking outcome expectancy(F=18.28, p<.001), and problematic drinking behavior(F=5.57, p=.003) of experimental group were significantly less than those of control group. Conclusion: it is recommended that college students should receive this program to prevent and reduce their drinking behaviors.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.61-74
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• 2020

Interval-valued data, one type of symbolic data, are observed in the form of intervals rather than single values. Each interval-valued observation has an internal variation. Principal component analysis reduces the dimension of data by maximizing the variance of data. Therefore, the principal component analysis of the interval-valued data should account for the variance between observations as well as the variation within the observed intervals. In this paper, three principal component analysis methods for interval-valued data are summarized. In addition, a new method using a truncated normal distribution has been proposed instead of a uniform distribution in the conventional quantile method, because we believe think there is more information near the center point of the interval. Each method is compared using simulations and the relevant data set from the OECD. In the case of the quantile method, we draw a scatter plot of the principal component, and then identify the position and distribution of the quantiles by the arrow line representation method.

• 한국노년학
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.1129-1145
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• 2008

In order to develop practical implications for depression among the elderly, this study examines socioeconomic and health-behavioral risk factors of geriatric depression diagnosis. Sample consists of 964 elders aged 65 and over, living in an urban community. Using the Short-form Geriatric Depression Scale(SGDS), study subjects were screened for geriatric depression to those who presented 10 points and over in SGDS. Descriptive statistics shows that about 22.2% elders are estimated to suffer from geriatric depression. Predictors of geriatric depression diagnosis were examined through logistic regression. Results show that elders who live with family, who have medical insurance, who have higher education, who don't smoke, and who do more physical activities were less likely to suffer from geriatric depression. These findings indicate that socioeconomic position such as health insurance, education and health behaviors such as smoking, physical activities are closely related to geriatric depression, suggesting that interventions on socioeconomic position and health behaviors may be effective to reduce depression among the elderly.