• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.21-28
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• 2007

Although hospice care includes palliative care technology in terminally ill person for pain, it is much more holistic including emotional, spiritual and other life dimension. Human suffering that experiencing the hospice client must be reconsidered whether one starts with an objective side or a subjective side of suffering, the strategies about the expanded consciousness is important. In the hospice caring perspectives, the body, mind and spirit are integrated so the objectivity and subjectivity can merge; the extended awareness with inner resource or energy, and the positive thinking about the God is meaningful especially dying person, family member, and the hospice team.

• Education of Primary School Mathematics
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.205-230
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• 2014

New teaching and learning theory on various aspects about class is needed to implement education which reflects constructivism, ideally. For an ideal learner-centered mathematics class, tangible and intangible elements related to education(view of knowledge, view of leaner, teacher's role, evaluation, the form of class, learning, teaching material, etc.) should be integrated from a constructive perspective and especially, teaching material has to be premised on that learners have intellectual abilities to construct knowledge themselves, and reflect integrity of knowledge, diversity and others, and contain open attributes. In addition to this, teaching material should have characteristics different from those when objective epistemology applies, so there is a need to analyze whether teaching material has those characteristics. For this, this study compared and analyzed <1. Three-Digit Numbers> which belongs to the domain of numbers and operations out of the units of mathematics(3) textbook of the 2009 revised curriculum for the first and second grade that first introduced story-telling, and <3. Understanding of Place Values> for the second grade of constructive math class used in the U.S.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.107-122
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• 2003

The present study aims at theoretically reviewing studies en the need of alignments among assessment, curriculum and instruction in order to implement the goals of mathematics education. This paper discusses about issues and models fer alignment between instruction and curriculum, and then mainly focuses on alignment of assessment with instruction and curriculum at two levels, classroom and large-scale assessment. It was pointed out that both many published standardized tests for large-scale assessment and classroom assessments failed to meet curricular goals and contents, and instructional methods. The findings imply that reform in mathematics education should not be driven by assessment, but be embedded in instructional practices.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.6 no.3 s.25
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• pp.111-119
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• 2005

The degree to which the design of a building embraces maintenance considerations has a great impact on its performance. Modern buildings are designed to meet higher building standards than in previous times. As the result, the influence of design on the maintenance of buildings is greater than ever before. The issue of building maintenance is a universal one and its consideration at the design stage is of great importance on the future performance of the building. Even though many studies have conducted to improve building performance, almost all of the results of those studies have not been utilized effectively during design. The purpose of this paper is to suggest a checklist which could be used for incorporating building maintenance concept in the design. The suggested checklist was made by reviewing previous studies and then refined through consulting with professionals of relevant fields.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.541-550
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• 2016

Considering the results of the 3.20 Cyber Attack, leaks of personal information by card companies, and so on, convenience and efficiency cannot be guaranteed without security as a prerequisite. In addition, it is more likely that customers' interests seem to be interfered with in financial institutions than in any other industry. Therefore, when a security accident occurs, users may suffer mental damage and monetary loss, leading to class action, customer defection, loss of reputation, and falloff in international credibility, which all may have a significant effect on the business continuity of corporations. This study integrates the representative information security certification systems in order to improve the efficiency of information security management and demonstrate the necessity of information security management system certification for the financial sector. If the certification is needed, we would like to recommend the desirable development direction.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.436-443
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• 2014

This study was begun on the premise that architecture which has the definite disposition for survival even in the urban, social structure of that uncertainty and constructs specialty is biomorphic architecture. This study was organic philosophy background analysis of Biomorphic architecture occurrence, through meaning inherent analysis in Biomorphic architecture, which going to be deployed atypical and new shape one. Biomorphic architecture is organism shape of structure of autonomous survival, which is shaped the potential of biological phenomena. Theoretical analysis of the Biomorhpic architecture characteristic was analysed. Factor in the occurrence of Biomorphic architecture based on an objective analysis of the research is characteristic analysis. Which is reason as the 'create', the science of complexity and emergent System. The generation causes of biomorphic architecture are an organic philosophy. Biomorphic architecture makes the realization of simile form using the procedural principle represented by in natural phenomena.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.339-362
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• 2018

In this paper, we simulate the contribution of an increasing renewable energy to demands for fossil fuels and power supply price by estimating a cost function for the Korean electric power generation sector. Since the renewable energy is a composite input, it is not feasible to compute the price index for renewable energy due to data limit. We estimate a restricted cost function, which is derived by minimizing the costs of fossil fuels conditional on the quantity of renewable energy set to its optimal level, jointly with supply relation. In particular, derivation of the shadow price of renewable energy would make it possible to analyze potential costs incurred by power plants.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.8
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• pp.2860-2867
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• 2010

In this research, I tried to make a comparative study of ideological characteristics of Industrial Relations between Korea and U.K., based on the presupposition that ideologies of Industrial Relations' Actors played an important role in Industrial Relations. U.K. have a voluntary and pluralistic ideological tradition of Industrial Relations, therefore U.K. is very rational to adjust and integrate different ideologies of actors. Meanwhile Korea have unrealistic, exclusive and rigid ideologies, therefore these have played a important role in worsening labor-management conflicts. For example strikes frequencies and workers involved in strikes are relatively few, but Workdays Lost due to strikes are very severe because of long strike durations, compared to U.K. Consequently national economic loss due to strikes has been severe. Korea trade unions are various and poor, but at the same time not mutual understanding in ideologies. Therefore from the viewpoint that strength in U.K.'s Industrial Relations stands on the power of adjusting different ideologies, we have to diminish the disparities between ideologies and realities of Industrial Relations through public discussion.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.1462-1466
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 청라지구 경제자유구역 개발사업의 일환으로 지구내 하천 및 공원에 최적의 주운시설을 도입하기 위한 방안을 모색하였다. 유역의 일반현황 및 국내외 사례조사를 통해 현재까지 진행된 주운관련 사례를 분석하여 적용가능성을 검토하였으며 이수, 치수, 환경 측면에서 주운시설 도입을 위한 종합적인 검토를 수행하였다. 물수지분석, 담수량 및 손실량 파악, 물갈이율 조사 등을 통해 필요수량을 파악하였으며, 산정된 필요수량 확보를 위해 하수처리장 고도처리수, 상수원수, 상수도, 유역관리 등의 다각도의 수량확보 방안을 검토하여 적용가능방안을 제시하였다. 또한 하천수질현황, 국내외 수질기준, 생태계 친수환경에 미치는 영향을 고려하여 목표수질을 설정하였으며, 유역, 하천, 호수공원 및 내부수로 등에 적용가능한 수질보전방안을 제시하였다. 인근하천, 중앙호수 공원, 내부수로를 동시에 고려하여 유역통합관리 차원의 치수안전성 확보 방안을 제시하였으며 주운시설 도입에 따른 추가적인 치수안전성 확보방안을 검토하였다. 특히 간척지라는 지역적 특수성을 고려하여 항구적인 치수 및 이수 대책의 필요성을 제시하였으며, 지속 가능한 개발을 위해 최첨단 유지관리 시스템의 도입 및 안전시설 확보를 통해 재해로 부터 안전한 주운계획을 제시하였다. 향후 청라지구-서해-굴포천 방수로-한강을 잇는 해상과 연계된 주운 개발을 통한 광역운하망 구축 방안을 제고하였다. 향후 주운시설의 도입에 따라 도시의 어매니티 증진과 친수도시 구현, 물순환 확보와 치수에 안전한 방재도시 수립이 가능할 것으로 판단되며 이를 통해 지속가능한 신도시 개발의 초석이 될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.291-301
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• 2018

Supply chain in service sector has been established on the premise that firms need to manage their process uncertainties to satisfy customers in an efficient manner. Information sharing and synchronization play key roles in minimize uncertainties from their involved supply chain. The duality of customers being inputs providers as well as consumers, differentiates service supply chains from manufacturing and is a challenging issue to traditional supply chain management. The service supply chain is a structured network which should be managed with supply chain theory and principles. Various key operations need to be carried out through a highly integrated and collaborated service supply chain and supporting information hub. The purpose of this paper is to present the issues and key components in the service supply chain, where the repetitive service is provided along the value chain, such as tourism, restaurant, mega-sized hospital supply chain.