• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.945-952
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• 2003

With the rapid growth of the B2B electronic commerce, digital catalogs for expressing product information effectively and exchanging it easily between companies become increasingly important. In this paper, we refer a product expression model to effectively integrate product information, and implement the model using XDK(XML Development Kit), which is given by Oracle 8i. We will first derive an XML DTD reflecting the model. We will then develop a system that stores and retrieves product information on/from Oracle 8i databases, which is written in XML, complying the XML DTD structure. Finally, We will give an experiment on the system.

• Proceedings of the Korea Database Society Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.349-357
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• 2008

E-Catalogs are often duplicated in multiple database systems due to various reasons. This causes the problem of assuring ACID properties of global transactions in multi-database management systems. We suggest a log-based synchronization mechanism for a special situation that catalogs can be changed only in one system and the changes spread to other systems. We have defined several conditions that have to be satisfied to assure the synchronization of the information. We show that the information can be kept identical in a delayed manner if synchronization module fulfills the defined conditions. Finally we show that the suggested mechanism is useful by showing a real world application that uses this synchronization mechanism in e-commerce environment.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.1095-1099
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• 2000

최근 전자상거래의 상업성이 부각되면서 많은 기업들과 개인사업자들이 독자적인 웹서버를 구축하고 자사의 상품 또는 기업에 대한 광고 내용을 인터넷을 통해 서비스를 하고 있다. 그러나 소비자에게 홍보가 부족하고, 상품의 종류와 정보의 부족으로 외면을 당하고 있는 웹사이트들이 많이 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 기업들의 카탈로그를 수집하여 재구성한 후, 한 사이트에서 여러 기업의 상품을 검색할 수 있도록 하여 소비자의 접근과, 각 기업의 상거래 사이트를 활성화 할 수 있는 메타 전자 쇼핑몰 개발에 관해 기술한다. 본 시스템의 특징은 로봇이 자동으로 데이터 베이스를 구축하여 소비자가 쉽게 검색 할 수 있도록 주제어 검색과 디렉토리 검색 인터페이스를 구성을 가지고 있다는 점이다.

• Journal of KIISE:Databases
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.102-116
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• 2006

Electronic catalogs (or e-catalogs) hold information about the goods and services offered or requested by the participants, and consequently, form the basis of an e-commerce transaction. Catalog management is complicated by a number of factors and product classification is at the core of these issues. Classification hierarchy is used for spend analysis, custom3 regulation, and product identification. Classification is the foundation on which product databases are designed, and plays a central role in almost all aspects of management and use of product information. However, product classification has received little formal treatment in terms of underlying model, operations, and semantics. We believe that the lack of a logical model for classification Introduces a number of problems not only for the classification itself but also for the product database in general. It needs to meet diverse user views to support efficient and convenient use of product information. It needs to be changed and evolved very often without breaking consistency in the cases of introduction of new products, extinction of existing products, class reorganization, and class specialization. It also needs to be merged and mapped with other classification schemes without information loss when B2B transactions occur. For these requirements, a classification scheme should be so dynamic that it takes in them within right time and cost. The existing classification schemes widely used today such as UNSPSC and eClass, however, have a lot of limitations to meet these requirements for dynamic features of classification. In this paper, we try to understand what it means to classify products and present how best to represent classification schemes so as to capture the semantics behind the classifications and facilitate mappings between them. Product information implies a plenty of semantics such as class attributes like material, time, place, etc., and integrity constraints. In this paper, we analyze the dynamic features of product databases and the limitation of existing code based classification schemes. And describe the semantic classification model, which satisfies the requirements for dynamic features oi product databases. It provides a means to explicitly and formally express more semantics for product classes and organizes class relationships into a graph. We believe the model proposed in this paper satisfies the requirements and challenges that have been raised by previous works.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.41-52
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• 2000

This paper introduces the design and implementation of product search support agent for an efficient Internet shopping. In existing shopping malls, electronic catalogs provide the product information by subject or keyword, or the buying information by purchasing history. This proposed product search support agent system is designed to analyze navigating patterns of customers, extract more effective buying information with regard to the current trend in customer navigating . In conclusion, this product search support agent can propose more suitable buying information to customers that he can be proposed to make purchases more efficiently.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.119-139
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• 2002

In electronic catalogs, each item is represented as an independent unit while the parts of the item can be composed of a higher level of functionality. Thus, the search for this kind of product database is limited to the retrieval of most similar standard commodities. However, many industrial products need to configure optional parts to fulfill the required specifications. Since there are many paths in finding the required specifications, we need to develop a search system via the configuration process. In this system, we adopt a two-phased approach. The first phase finds the most similar template, and the second phase adjusts the template specifications toward the required set of specifications by the Constraint and Rule Satisfaction Problem approach. There is no guarantee that the most similar template can find the most desirable configuration. The search system needs backtracking capability, so the search can stop at a satisfied local optimal satisfaction. This framework is applied to the configuration of computers and peripherals. Template-based reasoning is basically the same as case-based reasoning. The required set of specifications is represented by a list of criteria, and matched with the product specifications to find the closest ones. To measure the distance, we develop a thesaurus of values, which can identify the meaning of numbers, symbols, and words. With this configuration, the performance of the search by configuration algorithm is evaluated in terms of feasibility and admissibility.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.9D no.4
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• pp.697-702
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• 2002

In the Internet based information technology community, the exchange of product information is more activated in e-commerce of B2C and B2B. We have suggested a XML based unified product description model with which all kinds of product informations can be represented. This model also has a feature to avoid duplication of the product information. In this paper, we will implement this model using Java Beans and EJB (Enterprise Java Beans) of the Java component technology, and then test this system over several products on the web. finally, we will analyze the effect due to the removal of the information duplication.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.280-287
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• 2004

Purpose: This study was carried out to determine the protective effects of vitamin C on the hepatotoxicily induced by radiation. Materials and Methods : The Spraque Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups; the control group, the radiation exposed group, aud the radiation and vitamin C-treated group. SOD activity, ca-talase, malondialdehyde and liver enzymes were analyzed to assess the antioxidant effects of vitamin C. Results: The increased level of malondialdehyde and the decreased catalase activity that were induced by radiation were improved after vitamin C but there was no statistical significance among three groups. The superoxide dismutase activity of the liver was increased by vitamin C, but there were no statistically significant differences between the vitamin C-treated group and the non vitamin C-treated group. The level of liver enzymes in sera such as glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase, lactate dehyrogenase and alkaline phosphatase were remarkably elevated by radiation. The levels of those enzymes were decreased in the vitamin C-treated group and statistical significance was noted for the GPT level ($p<0.01$). On the electromicrographic findings, the hepatic cell destruction was considerably decreased in the vitamin C-treated group. Conclusion: Vitamin C is thought to be an effective antioxidant against the hepatotoxicity induced by radiation.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.7 no.9
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• pp.1219-1232
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• 2004

Recently, the web sites, such as e-business sites and shopping mall sites, deal with lots of catalog image information and contents. As a result, it is required to support semantic-based image retrieval efficiently on such image data. This paper presents a semantic-based image retrieval system, which adopts XML and Fuzzy technology. To support semantic-based retrieval on product catalog images containing multiple objects, we use a multi-level metadata structure which represents the product information and semantics of image data. To enable semantic-based retrieval on such image data, we design a XML database for storing the proposed metadata and study how to apply fuzzy data. This paper proposes a system, generate the fuzzy data automatically to use the image metadata, that can support semantic-based image retrieval by utilizing the generating fuzzy data. Therefore, it will contribute in improving the retrieval correctness and the user's satisfaction on semantic-based e-catalog image retrieval.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.131-145
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• 2010

Until now, popular paradigms to provide e-catalog documents that are adapted to users' needs are keyword search or collaborative filtering based recommendation. Since users' queries are too short to represent what users want, it is hard to provide the users with e-catalog documents that are adapted to their needs(i.e., queries and preferences). Although various techniques have beenproposed to overcome this problem, they are based on index term matching. A conventional Bayesian belief network-based approach represents the users' needs and e-catalog documents with their corresponding concepts. However, since the concepts are the index terms that are extracted from the e-catalog documents, it is hard to represent relationships between concepts. In our work, we extend the conventional Bayesian belief network based approach to represent users' needs and e-catalog documents with a concept network which is derived from the Web directory. By exploiting the concept network, it is possible to search conceptually relevant e-catalog documents although they do not contain the index terms of queries. Furthermore, by computing the conceptual similarity between users, we can exploit a semantic collaborative filtering technique for recommending e-catalog documents.