• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.35 no.12C
• /
• pp.1020-1028
• /
• 2010

Relay has attracted great attention due to its inherent capability to extend the service coverage and combat shadowing in next generation mobile communication systems. So far, most relay technologies have been developed under the half-duplex (HD) constraint that prevents relays from transmitting and receiving at the same time. Although half-duplex relay (HDR) is easy to implement, it requires partitioning of resource for transmission and reception, reducing the whole system capacity. In this paper, we propose a multinser precoding and power control scheme with sum rate matching for a full-duplex (FD) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) relay. Full-duplex relay (FDR) can overcome the drawback of HDR by transmitting and receiving on the same frequency at the same time, while it is crucial to reduce the effect of self-interference that is caused by its own transmitter to its own receiver. The proposed precoding scheme cancels the self-interference of the FDR as well as to support multiuser MIMO. Moreover, we suggest a power allocation scheme for FD MIMO relay with the constraint that the sum rate of the relay's received data streams is equal to that of the relay's transmit data streams.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.290-296
• /
• 1998

Interspecific hybrids between Aspergillus oryzae var. oryzae and Penicillium chrysogenum (Tyr$\^$-/), high alkaline protease producing fungi, were obtained by nuclear transfer technique. Nuclei isolated from the wild type Aspergillus oryzae var. oryzae strain were transferred into auxotrophic Penicillium chrysogenum mutants and selected the new strains showing an increased protein degrading capability. Maximum production of protoplasts were obtained by 1% Novozym 234 at $30^{\circ}C$ for 3 hours and the most effective osmotic stabilizers for the isolation of protoplasts were 0.6M KCl. Frequencies of hybrid formation by nuclear transfer were 1.3${\times}$10$\^$-3/∼2.8${\times}$10$\^$-3/. They could be suggested as an aneuploid by the observation of genetic stability, conidial size, DNA content, and nuclear strain. The hybrids showed 1.1～2.2 fold higher alkaline pretense activities than parental strains.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
• /
• v.27 no.6 s.93
• /
• pp.399-405
• /
• 1999

Intergeneric hybrids between Saccharomyccopsis fiburigera KCTC 7393 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae KCTC 7049 (tyr-, ura-) were obtained by nuclear transfer technique. Nuclei isolated from the wild type S. fiburigera strain were transfered into auxotrophic S. cerevisiae mutants and new strains showing an increased starch degrading capability were selected. Maximum production of protoplasts was obtained from the treatment with 0.1 % Novozym 234 at $30^{\circ}C$ for 90 min, and most effective osmotic stabilizer for the isolation of protoplasts was 0.6 M KCl at pH 5.8. The frequency of protoplast regeneration was 14.64% under the conditions. Genectic stability, conidial size, DNA content, and nuclear stain suggested that the fusants were aneuploidy. The specific activity of ${\alpha}-amylase$ was observed to increase about $1.2{\sim}1.9$ folds.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.14 no.10
• /
• pp.5268-5273
• /
• 2013

Technique for analyzing pile installed by vibratory pile driver was developed and results of analysis obtained from variation of bias weight were studied. It can be seen from load transfer curve for dynamic skin friction that load transfer curve shift to downward as bias weight increases. Shape of load transfer curve for dynamic skin friction becomes closer to shape of coil as the bias weight decreases. Magnitudes of toe resistances were not affected by the bias weight. Shape of load transfer curve for dynamic toe resistance shows the similar tendency as the load transfer curve for skin friction exhibits. Vertical displacement increases as the bias weight increases and the shape of vertical displacement with time shows more distinct shape of wave.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
• /
• v.7 no.3
• /
• pp.118-125
• /
• 2004

The purpose of this study is to decide an appropriate neighborhood and a transition rule of cellular automata by analyzing the past growth process of urban areas in Gimhae. With cellular automata which can manage the change based on the dynamic model and time, this study analyzes the urban growth of Gimhae from 1987 to 2001. Also, through the simulation of different types for neighborhood and transition rules, we can find the appropriate neighborhood and the transition rule for Gimhae. In conclusion, the forecast of physical urban growth pattern is more accurate under conditions when the number of matrixes for the neighborhood is small, the shape of the neighborhood is rectangular, "${\alpha}$" value, which control the pace of urban growth, is low and the transition possibility ($P_{ij}$) is high.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TE
• /
• v.39 no.4
• /
• pp.335-340
• /
• 2002

In this paper, the stress induced leakage currents of thin silicon oxides is investigated in the ULSI implementation with nano structure transistors. The stress and transient currents associated with the on and off time of applied voltage were used to measure the distribution of high voltage stress induced traps in thin silicon oxide films. The stress and transient currents were due to the charging and discharging of traps generated by high stress voltage in the silicon oxides. The transient current was caused by the tunnel charging and discharging of the stress generated traps nearby two interfaces. The stress induced leakage current will affect data retention in electrically erasable programmable read only memories. The oxide current for the thickness dependence of stress current, transient current, and stress induced leakage currents has been measured in oxides with thicknesses between 113.4${\AA}$ and 814${\AA}$, which have the gate area $10^3cm^2$. The stress induced leakage currents will affect data retention and the stress current, transient current is used to estimate to fundamental limitations on oxide thicknesses.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
• /
• v.39 no.11
• /
• pp.1021-1032
• /
• 2011

This paper presents the results of a parametric study for the design of optimal Earth-Moon transfer trajectory using mixed impulsive and continuous thrust. Various types of the optimal Earth-Moon transfer trajectories were designed by adjusting the relative weight between the impulsive and the continuous thrust, and flight time. Two very different transfer trajectories can be obtained by different combination of design parameters. Furthermore, it was found that all thus designed trajectories permit the ballistic capture by the Moon gravity. Finally, the required thrust profiles are presented and analyzed in detail.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2019.05a
• /
• pp.77-81
• /
• 2019

식생전이에 따른 기간분리는 해외 및 국내 논문에서 식생영향을 받지 않는 곡선식과의 차이를 검토하고, 측정성과별 분류를 통해 곡선식을 개발하는 방법이 제시하고 있으나 적용기간 설정에 대한 구체적인 방법이 없다. 또한 상하류 비교를 통해 기간분리의 적정성을 검토할 수 있다고 명시되어 있으나 비교 관측소가 없는 경우 검토에 어려움이 있다. 본 연구는 2017년 수위-유량관계곡선식의 적용시간 결정에서 현장 식생모니터링 자료와 함께 연간 수온변화를 참고 자료로 활용하였다. 연간 수온자료를 산정하기 위해 측정된 수온과 해당 기온에 대한 상관관계식을 개발하였다. 또한 산포가 발생하는 측정성과는 생성된 연간 수온자료를 참고하여 전이여부를 판단하였다. 2018년은 2017년의 계절별 수온변화 자료 및 수집된 주요 수중식생의 생활사를 참고하여 연간 측정계획에 활용하였으며, 수위-유량관계곡선식 개발 시 동일한 방법을 사용하였다. 2017년은 가뭄으로 인해 수중식생에 의한 전이가 활발했던 기간으로 측정성과에 대해 식생영향 최고 기간과 최대 기간의 동일수위에 대해서 유량을 비교한 결과 $0.003m^3/s{\sim}1.099m^3/s$의 범위를 보였다. 유출량 비교의 경우 기간분리를 적용하지 않았을 경우 약 40.1% 과대 산정되었다. 2018년은 잦은 강우로 인해 수중식생의 이탈 및 전이 영향수위의 발생빈도가 비교적 적어 동 수위 유량을 비교한 결과 $0.19m^3/s{\sim}0.49m^3/s$의 범위를 보였다. 연 유출량을 비교한 결과, 기간분리를 고려하지 않은 경우가 약 39.6%로 과소 산정되었다. 따라서 본 연구사례를 통해 식생에 의한 기간분리가 발생하는 지점에 대해서 비교적 합리적인 측정주기 계획을 위한 확립 근거와 기간분리 적용기간에 대한 합리적인 자료로 활용 될 수 있을 것이다.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.155-160
• /
• 2011

An animal fat is an attractive biodiesel energy source for its high stability against oxidation and low incomplete combustion ratio due to the high heating value and cetane value. However, it requires a refinery process because of the high content of saturated acid and impurity which increas the boiling point. In this study, the optimum biodiesel synthetic process of lard is suggested. Indeed, we demonstrate new biodiesel production processes to alter conventional process of heating and mixing by applying ultrasonic energy. While the optimum reaction temperature and mole ratio of methanol and lard, when using conventional mixing and heating process, were $55^{\circ}C$ and 12, respectively, the reaction time were reduced to 30 minutes by applying ultrasonic irradiation power of 500 W. The new process applying ultrasonic irradiation yielded synthetic biodiesel properties as followings: 3.34 cP of the viscosity, 37.0 MJ/kg of the caloric value and below 0.25 mgKOH/g of the acidic value, which satisfy biodiesel quality criteria.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.465-470
• /
• 2024

The advancement of AI-based image generation technology has resulted in the creation of various images, emphasizing the need for technology capable of accurately discerning them. The amount of generated image data is limited, and to achieve high performance with a limited dataset, this study proposes a model for discriminating generated images using transfer learning. Applying pre-trained models from the ImageNet dataset directly to the CIFAKE input dataset, we reduce training time cost followed by adding three hidden layers and one output layer to fine-tune the model. The modeling results revealed an improvement in the performance of the model when adjusting the final layer. Using transfer learning and then adjusting layers close to the output layer, small image data-related accuracy issues can be reduced and generated images can be classified.