• Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.46-53
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• 2020

Purpose: Scapular body fractures have generally been treated with non-surgical methods. This study reports the clinical and radiological outcomes after lateral-posterior internal fixation for treating displaced scapular body fractures. Materials and Methods: From March 2007 to May 2017, out of 40 patients who underwent internal fixation for scapular fractures, 13 cases of lateral plate fixation of a scapular body fracture were reviewed retrospectively. Preoperative and postoperative displacement, angulation and glenopolar angle (GPA) were measured. The range of shoulder motion, visual analogue scale (VAS), and disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand (DASH), and Constant score were assessed at the last follow-up. Results: The mean follow-up period was 17.7 months (range, 6-45 months). The mean preoperative GPA was 23.3°±3.96° (range, 17.8°-28.1°) and the postoperative GPA was 31.1°±4.75° (range, 22.5°-40.1°). Injury to the suprascapular nerve, nonunion, fracture redisplacement, metallic failure, or infection did not occur. At the last follow-up, the mean range of motion was 150.5°±19.3° in forward flexion, 146.6°±2.34° in lateral abduction, 66.6°±19.1° in external rotation, and 61.6°±18.9° in internal rotation. The VAS, DASH, and Constant scores were 1.7±1.3, 6.2±2.4, and 86±7.9 points, respectively. Conclusion: A scapular body fracture with severe displacement, angulation and marked decreased GPA can be stabilized by lateralposterior plate fixation using the appropriate surgical technique with good functional and radiological results.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.79-87
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• 2000

Objectives : To evaluate the findings useful for differential diagnosis and associated abnormaiities of isthmic spondylolisthesis and degenerative spondylolisthesis on CT. Materials and methods : We reviewed retrospectively the CT images of 65 patients who were diagnosed spondylolisthesis during 3 years period. Our technique was 5mm slices at 5mm intervals with gantry angle to parallel the interspaces. Also reformatted sagittal views were taken. 41 patients were isthmic spondylolisthesis and 24 patients were degenerative spondylolisthesis. Resuits : Isthmic spondylolisthesis. 1. Isthmic type was more common at L5-S1. 2. The degree of anterior displacement was grade I and II. 3. The plane of defect was more horizontal than the usual facet joint. 4. The defect had an irregular shape. 5. Medial aspect of bone just anterior to defect had a small round prominence. 6. Anteroposterior elongation of the spinal canal was common. 7. Pseudobulging disk was common. 8. The most common associated abnormality was a HNP at the upper level of the defect. Degenerative spondylolisthesis. 1. Degenerative type was more common at L4-5. 2. The degree of anterior disptacement was grade I and II. 3. The Plane of facet joint was oriented obliquely instead of horizontally. 4. The posterior facet(inferior facet of superior vertebra) was anteriorly displaced. 5. Bony spur of the posterior portion of anterior facet was seen. 6. The facet joints often contain gas(vaccum phenomenum). 7. The most common associated abnormality was a HNP at the level of the displacement. Conclusions : CT is a highly accurate and most sensitive technique for recognition, differential diagnosis of isthmic and degenerative types and the detection of associated abnormalities.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.100-108
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• 1998

Surgical treatment of cubital tunnel syndrome has been reported according to a wide variety of techniques since the end of the last century. Theses range from simple decompression to various forms of nerve transposition and medial epicondylectomy. However, we could find only few reports which compare the results between different types of operations. The treatment results of medial epicondylectomy and anterior subcutaneous transposition, were analysed retrospectively. From March 1984 to January 1996, a total of 110 patients had operations for cubital tunnel syndrome. Seventy four of them were followed-up for more than one year, and only they were included in this study. Anterior subcutaneous transposition was performed in 26 patients; and medial epicondylectomy in 48 patients. There were 52 males and 22 females, with an average age of 34 years (range, 13 to 75). The average follow-up period was 40 months (range, 12 to 132). Grading system by Gabel and Amadio were used for evaluation of the patients; pain, sensory and motor dysfunction were checked preoperatively and at last follow-up. In 26 patients of anterior subcutaneous transposition, 7 (27%) were graded as excellent, 11 (42%) good, 3 (12%) fair and 5 (19%) poor. In 48 patients of medial epicondylectomy, 16 (34%) were excellent, 27 (56%) good, 3 (6%) fair and 2 (4%) poor. Sixty nine percent were excellent or good in anterior subcutaneous transposition group, while ninty percent in medial epicondylectomy group. This difference was significant statistically (p<0.01 )., From our experiences, we suggest medial epicondylectomy for the treatment of cubital tunnel syndrome, rather than anterior subcutaneous transposition.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.106-110
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• 2011

In the patient who has intradural mass associated with spinal stenosis, if the operation for spinal stenosis is performed alone, the symptom may remain. We report with literature review that we achieved the successful outcome after simultaneous decompression of spinal stenosis and space occupying mass removal in the case of intradural and extradural compression. A 71-year-old female patient suffering from low back pain and radiating pain of both lower extremities admitted. In magnetic resonance imaging, spinal stenosis on L4-5 and spondylolisthesis on L5-S1 compressed dural sac and intradural space occupying mass on L4 level compressed. By posterior approach, decompression and interbody fusion were carried out. Then mass was removed with median durotomy. Pathologic diagnosis was schwannoma and the symptom was improved remarkably.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.44-51
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• 2018

Background: In this paper, the relationship between the Cranio-Vertebral Angle (CVA) and the vital capacity in each position is reviewed, and the vital capacity in the position is studied. Methods: This study targeted 20 non-smoking female students of U university, which is located in Gyeongju-si. To review the Forward Head Posture (FHP) of each subject, CVA was measured, and FVC, FEV1, and FEF (25-75%) were measured and analyzed using a spirometer. Subjects were ordered to exhale three times with ease and then inhale up to their total lung capacity. After then, they were requested to exhale longer than six seconds. Then the inspiration and expiration were repeated. The measurement was executed in three positions, including supine, prone, and sitting. In each position the measurement was repeated twice, and a one-minute break was given between each cycle, so it was measured six times in total. SPSS 14.0 for Windows was used to analyze the data. The subjects' general properties were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and the correlation between the angle and the respiration variable result in each position was analyzed. The result of the respiration variable in each position was analyzed using the one-way ANOVA, and then a Scheffe post-hoc comparison was executed. Results: According to the analysis result of the correlation between the angle and respiration variable in each position, the sitting position and FEF (25-75%) showed a positive correlation (P<0.05). The respiration variable in each position showed a significant difference in FVC (p<0.05), and the Scheffe post-hoc comparison differed in prone and sitting positions. Conclusion: To increase the FVC of FHP patients, different exercises for each position can be applied, and the result of this study can be utilized as background data for further research.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.749-759
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to provide basic information for improving a soft tennis forehand middle volley technique based on kinematic and kinetic analyses of volleys performed by four male national tennis players($33.3{\pm}2.16$ years). The results are as follows. The first phase of the stroke was the longest, covering 64.7% of the stroke time. The displacement of the center of gravity was 48.1% to the right and 54% to the front in the first phase. When impacted, the elbow joint showed the highest average velocity, 3.67m/s, and the upper arm segment displayed the highest angular velocity, $201^{\circ}/s$. The average of the elbow angle and the ball velocity were $149^{\circ}$ and 18.9m/s, respectively. In the ground reaction force, the left and right foot forces in both the x and y directions showed a statistically significant difference. This result seems to indicate that when the left foot is pushed to the right, the force of the right foot is proportional and symmetrical to the left, serving as a supporter.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.25-29
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• 2016

Three Maltese dogs, 5 to 7 months old, were admitted to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, Chonnam National University with malocclusion including Class IV mesiodistocclusion. In the first case, the treatment was performed by moving the mandibular canine teeth caudally with orthodontic buttons and Masel chains. The second patient was treated for rostroverted mandibular canines using buttons and chains. When distal movement of the mandibular canine teeth was completed, a maxillary arch wire with finger springs was applied to push the incisor teeth forward. In the third case, the treatment began by moving the mandibular canine teeth caudally with buttons and chains. An arch wire with finger springs was applied at maxilla to move the maxillary incisor teeth labially. Additionally, the mandibular incisor teeth were moved lingually by an elastic band attached to the buttons cemented to mandibular canine teeth. As a result, all patients successfully regained a normal occlusion.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.36-42
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• 2005

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical results of anterior subcutaneous ulnar nerve transposition operation and the factors that influence the results for cubital tunnel syndrome. Materials and Methods: Seventeen cases of cubital tunnel syndrome were treated by anterior subcutaneous transposition between March 2001 and December 2003. The mean age was 56 years and mean follow up period was 20.4 months. All patients were reviewed retrospectively. The preoperative evaluation was done by Dellon's classification and the clinical results were evaluated by Messina’s classification. We analyzed the effect of the operation and the relations between the results and the preoperative factors, for example, duration of symptom, age, cause of illness, present of association with diabetes mellitus or preoperative flexion contracture of the elbow were analyzed. Results: The results according to Messina's classification were 4 cases of excellent, 9 cases of good, 3 cases of fair, and 1 case of poor. The preoperative factors like duration of symptom, age, cause of illness and flexion contracture of the elbow didn't show any statistical difference in the result of operation, but the cases which have diabetes mellitus were unsatisfactory with statistical difference (p=0.018). Conclusion: Anterior subcutaneous ulnar nerve transposition is relatively easy and good operative method in cubital tunnel syndrome.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.374-378
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• 1991

The electrochemical reduction behavior of Bilirubin (BR) in phosphate buffer (pH 7.8) solution was studied by DC polarography, differential pulse polarography, cyclic voltammetry and controlled potential coulometry. In DC polarogram, two reduction waves of BR were found. The half wave potentials of two reduction waves were -1.32 and -1.51 volts vs. Ag/AaCl respectively. The current type of 1st reduction wave was diffusion-controlled and the 2$^{nd}$ reduction wave was diffusion current containing a little kinetic current. The electrochemical reduction process of BR at each reduction step was all irreversible. The prewave appeared at lower concentration than 3.4 ${\times}$ 10$^{-4}$M, this prewave was identified as adsorption prewave. And the number of electron transfered in reduction steps, n$_{app}$ was two for the 1st reduction step and one for the 2$^{nd}$ reduction step.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.30 no.sup2
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• pp.235-241
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• 2001

Objective : Controversy exists which surgical treatment better in lumbar grade I spondylolisthesis, decompressive laminectomy with or without lumbar instrumentation. Methods : Out of Sixty-four patients with lumbar spondylolisthesis underwent surgery, 18 patients operated with decompressive laminectomy alone and 44 patients with decompession and lumbar instrument, during recent 5-years between January, 1994 and December, 1998. The author studied a long term follow-up in the above two groups to analyzing the overall clinical outcomes in each group and to determining the incidence of pos-toperative radiologic instability. Results : 1) Overall postoperative symptoms improvement were not so different in both groups. 2) Postoperative progressive subluxation is more common after decompressive laminectomy without instrumentation than with instrumentation group. 3) Overall clinical outcomes were slightly better in decompressive laminectomy without instrumentation than with instrumentation group but there was no significant difference. 4) Postoperative radiologic changes did not seem to influence the patient-reported clinical outcomes. 5) Postoperative complications is more common in decompressive laminectomy with instrumentation group than without instrumentation group. Conclusion : In the surgical management of grade I spondylolisthesis, the efficiency and superiority of surgical treatments requires the cost effectiveness and risk/benefit analysis of decompressive laminectomy with or without instrumentation. Therefore, Further detailed studies of long term follow up in a large number of patients in each group are needed for choice of best treatment.