• KLA journal
• /
• v.33 no.3 s.274
• /
• pp.13-28
• /
• 1992

이 논문은 Minnesota대학 Paul Campus 도서관 부관장인 존슨(P. Johnson)이 Journal of Academic Libraianship, Vol. 16, No. 4(Sept, 1990), pp.222-229에 게재한 "Matrix Management: An Organizational Alternative for Libraries"을 완역한 것으로, 도서관의 전통적인 조직구조에 대한 대안을 모색하는데 참고할 수 있는 이론적 논문으로 사료됨. 도서관조직구조가 점점 복잡해 짐에 따라 다양한 방안들을 모색하여 왔다. 이 논문은 전통적 계층구조에 대한 대안으로서의 매트릭스구조의 효용에 관하여 논의 한 것이다. 매트릭스관리가 매우 성공적으로 이루어질 경우에는 사서들에게 유연성을 증대시키기 위한 신전략과 고도의 전문적 독립성, 그리고 보다 균형된 의사결정과정을 제공해 준다. 제2차 세계대전까지만 해도 도서관을 포함한 대다수 기관의 조직구조는 몇 가지로 나눌 수 있었다. 비록 이들 조직구조가 바뀌게 되었다 하더라도 그것은 의도적인 계획하에서 진전된 것이 아니라 안정적이고 예측가능한 환경에 매우 적합하도록 자연스럽게 이루어진 것이다. 다만 최근 여러 해 동안 급격한 환경변화로 인하여 보다 새로운 조직구조가 발전하게 되었는데, 이는 자연진화적인 조직변화라기 보다는 오히려 특정적 요구를 충족시키기 위한 자의적인 계획의 결과라고 하겠다. 이와 같은 급격한 변화에 대처하도록 특별히 계획된 매우 혁신적인 조직구조중의 하나가 조직매트릭스이다. 이 논문은 대학도서관에 있어서 조직구조, 조직대안으로서의 매트릭스구조, 매트릭스경영관리의 효용 등 세 가지의 문제에 대하여 고찰하고자 한다.<역자주>

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.37B no.10
• /
• pp.901-911
• /
• 2012

Over the last decade, the Internet in Korea has developed rapidly. The number of ASes in Korea is 755. However, there has been no significant effort to obtain an accurate picture of the Internet AS-level topology. To construct more complete set of Korea AS-level topology data all the available data sources are critically reviewed and compared. Three data sources, which can be used to infer Korea Internet AS-level topology, are selected; BGP data of UCLA "Internet Topology Collection", IRR data and IXP data. It is known that global Internet AS-level topology follows power-law distribution. In this paper, we also investigate if the Korea Internet AS-level topology follows power-law distribution.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.101-114
• /
• 2008

흔히 관리의료 (Managed Care)라 불려지는 미국의 의료체계는 과거 약 30여년간 미국내 의료비용증가의 억제, 의료서비스 접근성 개선, 의료의 질향상이라는 세가지 목표를 이루기위해 시행되어 왔다. 이 관리의료체계는 지속적으로 증가하는 의료비용을 어느정도 억제하는데는 성공하였으나, 몇년전부터 의료정책전문가들은 관리의료체계의 의료비용증가 억제 역할은 이미 한계에 다다렀다고 판단하고 있으며, 의료서비스 접근성 개선이나 의료의 질향상에는 큰 성과를 이루지 못했다고 평가하고 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고 미국의 의료서비스 질향상을 위한 노력은 지속적이면서도 체계적으로 진행되어왔다고 자부하고 있다. 최근 미국내 의료서비스 질향상을 위한 형태를 살펴보면 자주 거론되는 것이 Prevention activity, Physician Profiling, Pay-for-Performance (P4P), Clinical Practice Guideline, Health Information Technology (Health IT)등임을 알 수 있다. 미국의 이러한 노력들이 최근 1-2년사이 한국내에도 널리 알려지고 이미 일부는 시범사업형태로 실시되고 있는 점을 감안하면 별반 다를 것이 없다고 여겨질 수 있으나, 여기서 주목할 것은 이러한 노력들이 미국내에서 시도되게된 계기와 목적, 그리고 그 과정들을 눈여겨 볼 필요가 있다는 점이다. 하지만 민간보험 주도 형태의 미국 의료시장에서 탄생한 이런 일련의 노력들이 정부주도하의 전국민건강보험체계로 운영되는 국내 의료시장에 도입되어 실효를 거두기 위해서는 모방형 도입이 아닌 국내 의료체계와 실정에 적합하도록 수정 혹은 개선된 형태로 선별, 도입되어야 함을 암시하고 있음도 주지해야 한다.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.44-56
• /
• 2017

Sustainable development is important because the ultimate objective is efficient development combining the economic, social, and environmental aspects of urban conservation. Despite Korea's rapid urbanization and economic development, the distribution of resources is inefficient, and land-use is not an exception. Land use distribution is difficult, as it requires considering a variety of purposes, whose solutions lie in a multipurpose optimization process. In this study, Yangpyeong-eup, Yangpyeong, Gyeonggi-do, is selected, as the site has ecological balance, is well-preserved, and has the potential to support population increases. Further, we have used the genetic algorithm method, as it helps to evolve solutions for complex spatial problems such as planning and distribution of land use. This study applies change to the way of mutation. With four goals and restrictions of area, spatial objectives, minimizing land use conversion, ecological conservation, maximizing economic profit, restricting area to a specific land use, and setting a fixed area, we developed an optimal planning map. No urban areas at the site needed preservation and the high urban area growth rate coincided with the optimization of purpose and maximization of economic profit. When the minimum point of the fitness score is the convergence point, we found optimization occurred approximately at 1500 generations. The results of this study can support planning at Yangpyeong-eup.ausative relationship between the perception of improving odor regulation and odor acceptance.

• Information Systems Review
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.55-72
• /
• 2011

As the complexity of business environment increases rapidly the use advanced information technology start to affect not only the business processes of individual companies but also the fundamental nature of business and industrial ecosystem. The changes observed at the level of business and industrial ecosystem encompasses a broad range of transformation. This unit of analysis is not sufficiently dealt with by existing information systems research. This research attempted to analyze the changes in business ecosystem caused by digital transformation using a relatively new approach called ecosystem mapping. We developed and suggested an ecosystem mapping methodology step by step and applied the methodology to film industry. The film industry is chosen because it is an industry very sensitive to the changes in technology and has gone through massive transformation during the last three decade by way of using modem information technology.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics C
• /
• v.35C no.12
• /
• pp.85-98
• /
• 1998

This paper proposes a new design method of neuro-FLC by the Lamarckian co-adaptation scheme that incorporates the backpropagation learning into the GA evolution in an attempt to find optimal design parameters (fuzzy rule base and membership functions) of application-specific FLC. The design parameters are determined by evolution and learning in a way that the evolution performs the global search and makes inter-FLC parameter adjustments in order to obtain both the optimal rule base having high covering value and small number of useful fuzzy rules and the optimal membership functions having small approximation error and good control performance while the learning performs the local search and makes intra-FLC parameter adjustments by interacting each FLC with its environment. The proposed co-adaptive design method produces better approximation ability because it includes the backpropagation learning in every generation of GA evolution, shows better control performance because the used COG defuzzifier computes the crisp value accurately, and requires small workspace because the optimization procedure of fuzzy rule base and membership functions is performed concurrently by an integrated fitness function on the same fuzzy partition. Simulation results show that the Lamarckian co-adapted FLC produces the most superior one among the differently generated FLCs in all aspects such as the number of fuzzy rules, the approximation ability, and the control performance.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
• /
• v.37 no.5
• /
• pp.19-28
• /
• 2000

It is not so easy to control the wheeled mobile robot because of some causes like non-holonomic constraints. To overcome these problems, a controller that PD system is combined with fuzzy process is composed of several steps that have each separate algorithm and niche search algorithm and immune algorithm is applied partly. Output term set is changed by search that is performed to get optimal elements and then the rule base is also reformed. The fitness for the altered system is estimated and the surplus elements are removed. After the adjustment of output term set and rule base is finished, input and output membership functions is tuned.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
• /
• v.37 no.12
• /
• pp.1513-1519
• /
• 2013

A genetic algorithm (GA) is an optimization technique based on natural evolution theory to find the global optimal solution. Unlike the gradient-based method, it can design nanoscale structures in the electric field because it does not require sensitivity calculation. This research intends to design a nanoaperture with an unprecedented shape by the topology optimization scheme based on the GA and ON/OFF method in the visible frequency range. This research mainly aims to maximize the transmission rate at a measuring area located 10nm under the exit plane and to minimize the electric distribution at other locations. The finite element analysis (FEA) and optimization process are performed by using the commercial package COMSOL combined with the Matlab programming. The final results of the optimized model are analyzed by a comparison of the electric field intensity and the spot size of near field with those of the initial model.

• Journal of Distribution Research
• /
• v.15 no.5
• /
• pp.127-153
• /
• 2010

This study explores the locomotives of the growth in the Korean online shopping industry upon the theoretical basis based on the last 10 years' rapid changing environment. This attempt reveals the counter-arguments against preemtive effects based on the observation of reintermediation process in the online industry. We reviewed the NEBIC model proposed by Wheeler(2002) and propose the growth model, double helix framework based on the dynamic capability view. Furthermore the relevance of the proposed framework was validated with the review of last 10 years' sales and market share data in the online shopping industry. Meanwhile we found the limits of online market growth with the open market domination. So future of the online shopping retailers is depending on the development of the channel functions and merchandising on the basis of self-capability. Based on the tentative conclusion, we also suggest implications for the policy makers. Firstly policy facilitating the specialization of the power sellers incubased in the open market is necessary for the sustainable online market growth. And the establishment of the control tower is suggested to coordinate the consistency of the policies and regulations. And the device of the incentive is also proposed to strengthen the open markets' function to facilitate the small and medium online merchants.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
• /
• v.34 no.1
• /
• pp.58-62
• /
• 2006

Rapid assay of enzyme is a primary requirement for successful application of directed evolution technology. Halo generation on a turbid plate would be a method of choice for high throughput screening of enzymes in this context. Here we report a new approach to prepare turbid plates, by controlling the crystallization of tyrosine to form needle-like particles. In the presence of tyrosine phenol-lyase (TPL), the needle-like tyrosine crystals were converted to soluble phenol rapidly than the usual rectangular tyrosine crystals. When an error-prone PCR library of Citrobacter freundii TPL was spread on the turbid plate, approximately 10% of the colonies displayed recognizable halos after 24 hours of incubation at $37^{\circ}C$. Representative positives from the turbid plates were transferred to LB-medium in 96-wellplates, cultivated overnight, and assayed for the enzyme activity with L-tyrosine as the substrate. The assay results were approximated to be proportional to the halo size on turbid plates, suggesting the screening system is directly applicable to the directed evolution of TPL. Actually, two best mutants on the turbid plates were identified to be $2{\sim}2.5$ and 1.5-fold improved in the activity.