• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.218-225
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• 2005

본 연구의 목적은 치아 회분말과 연석고 및 알긴산을 혼합하여 이식한 후 초기 골 형성을 알아보는 데 있다. 백서 30마리의 두개골에 8mm 직경의 골결손부를 형성한 후 인간의 치아 회분말과 연석고 및 알긴산을 혼합하여 이식한 후 대조군, 치아 회분말과 연석고 처치군, 그리고 치아 회분말과 연석고 및 알긴산 혼합 처치군에서 각각의 골 결손부 치유과정을 조직병리학적, 조직형태계측학적으로 비교 관찰하였다. 통계학적으로 주간 변화(4주, 8주)는 유의하지 않았고, 각 그룹 간에 있어도 치아 회분말과 연석고 처치군과 치아 회분말과 연석고 및 알긴산 혼합 처치군 간 모두(4주, 8주) 유의한 차이가 없었다. 그러나 이들 치아 회분말과 연석고 처치군과 치아 회분말과 연석고 및 알긴산 혼합 처치군은 대조군에 비해서는 유의하게 우수한 신생골 형성을 보였다. 비록 통계학적으로는 치아 회분말과 연석고 처치군과 치아 회분말과 연석고 및 알긴산 혼합 처치군이 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았지만 치아 회분말과 연석고 및 알긴산 혼합 처치군에서 보다 더 우수한 신생골 형성 경향을 보였다. 뿐만 아니라, 신생골의 내용면에서도 치아 회분말과 연석고 및 알긴산 혼합 처치군에서 좀더 많은 신생 직조골의 융합이나 골 소주형성이 관찰되어 신생골의 형성 및 성숙에 알긴산이 역할을 담당하는 것으로 사료되었다. 결론적으로 골결손부 치료 방법으로 치아 회분말과 연석고 처치군 또는 치아 회분말과 연석고 및 알긴산 혼합 처치로 결손부에 이식하는 것은 신생골 형성의 양적, 질적 개선에 통계학적으로 유의하며, 알긴산을 이식재와 함께 처리한 경우에 신생골 형성의 양적, 질적 개선에 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.$1^{\circ}C$ 냉수로 세척하고 PETE tray로 포장하여 $4^{\circ}C$로 저장한 경우 깻잎 고유의 초록색과 향을 유지하고 있어 저온냉수 세척과 tray 포장이 세척 청경채의 선도 유지에 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다.1%,\;pendimethalin\;1.3{\sim}2.9%$ 및 $3.8{\sim}10.8%,\;ethoprophos\;0.6{\sim}2.7%$ 및 $0.1{\sim}0.3%$이었다. 인공강우실험 후 공약의 토심별 분포를 살펴 본 결과 alachlor와 ethopropho는 토심 $10{\sim}15cm$까지 이동하였고, ethalfluralin과 pendimethalin는 대부분 토심 5 cm 이내에 잔류하였다. 경사도 30%의 경우가 10%에 비하여 각 농약의 유실량이 $0.2{\sim}1.9$ 배 증가하였는데 유출수에 의한 농약의 유실량 차이는 유출수 중 농도 차이로 판단되며, 유실토양에 의한 농약 유실량 차이는 토양 유실량과 관계되는 것으로 생각되었다. 농약의 강우에 의한 유실은 복잡하게 작용하는 많은 환경적 요인에 의하여 영향을 받지만 정교하게 구성된 환경 시나리오에 의하여 예측 가능할 것으로 판단되었다.고 도라지는 물에 우려 푹 삶았고, 감자, 송이 등은 잘게 썰어 쌀과 함께 밥을 조리하였다. 4. 약선 음식조리방법 약선음식의 재료는 평상시 식생활에 사용되고 있던 식품들의 기능성분과 약이성을 이용하여 만성적인 질병과 급성적인 복통 설사 등에 재료의 전처리를 통해 죽으로 많이 이용하였다. 특히 곡류 등은

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.583-615
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• 2014

Including the rolling black out in 2011, Korea has suffered from rapid increase of electricity consumption and demand forecasting failure for last five years. In addition, because of the Fukushima disaster, high fuel prices, and introduction of new generation sources such as renewables, the uncertainty on a power supply strategy increases. Consequently, a stable power supply becomes the new agenda and a revisino of strategy for new power generation sources is needed. In the light of this, we appraises the sixth basic plan for long term electricity demand and supply considering the changes of foreign and domestic conditions. We also simulate a strategy for the new power generation sources using a portfolio analysis method. As results, a diversity of power generation sources will increase and the share of renewable power generation will be surged on the assumptions of a cost reduction of renewable power sources and an increase of fuel costs. Particularly, on the range of a risk level(standard deviation) from 0.06 and 0.09, the efficient frontier has the most various power sources. Besides, the existing power plan is not efficient so that an improvement is needed. Lastly, the development of an electricity storage system and energy management system is necessary to make a stable and efficient power supply condition.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.36 no.7
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• pp.461-468
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• 2014

Biochar is a carbon rich solid produced by the pyrolysis of biomass such as energy crops, forestry residues, and wood wastes. Biochar returned to soil is to mitigate climate change and the feedstock of wood wastes reduces fossil fuel consumption as well as disposal costs. This study was practiced to evaluate a biochar system by gasification in terms of global warming regarding the soil application of the produced biochar. Life cycle assessment methodology was used to analyze the environmental impacts of the system, and the functional unit was 1 tonne of wood wastes. The result shows that the biochar system by using wood wastes as feedstock produces 4.048E-01 $kgCO_2-eq$ from the pre-treatment process as chipping and drying, 4.579E-01 $kgCO_2-eq$ from the pyrolysis process, and 9.070E-02 $kgCO_2-eq$ from the spreading to agricultural land, therefore total 9.534E-01 $kgCO_2-eq$ are generated. About 252 kg of $CO_2$ is still stored in the produced biochar in soil after carbon offsetting of the system. Therefore, the net carbon of the system is -251 kg of $CO_2-eq$.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.232-241
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• 2017

This paper presents an automated cow-feeding system based on an AGV and screw conveyor for domestic livestock farms, which are becoming larger and more commercialized. The system includes a hopper module for loading pellet-type mixed feed at the top of the system, a transfer module mounted with a screw conveyor to transfer feed from the hopper module to the outlet module, an outlet module composed of belt conveyors, and an electromagnetic guided driving-type AGV. The weight of the loaded feed is measured by a load cell located under the transfer module. The system reads the feed discharge information stored in RFID tags installed in each cowshed cell, and a predetermined amount of feed is discharged while the AGV is moving. A cow-feed test system was constructed to determine the design parameters of the screw conveyor in the transfer module that determine the feeding capacity. These parameters include the screw's outer diameter, the screw shaft outer diameter, and screw pitch. The parameters were applied to the finalized cow-feed system construction. A DSP-based main controller and cow-feeding algorithm for different scenarios were also developed to control the system. Experimental results confirmed that the system could supply a total of 21 kg of feed uniformly at 420 g/s for a cowshed cell which has 7 cows. The driving distance was 5 m and the speed was 0.1 m/s. Thus, the proposed system could be applied to standardized domestic livestock farms.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.95-104
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• 2017

As the technology in smart device is growing and Social Network Services(SNS) are becoming more common, the data which is difficult to be processed by existing RDBMS are increasing. As a result of this, NoSQL databases are getting popular as an alternative for processing massive and unstructured data generated in real time. The demand for the technique of digital investigation of NoSQL databases is increasing as the businesses introducing NoSQL database in their system are increasing, although the technique of digital investigation of databases has been researched centered on RDMBS. New techniques of digital forensic investigation are needed as NoSQL Database has no schema to normalize and the storage method differs depending on the type of database and operation environment. Research on document-based database of NoSQL has been done but it is not applicable as itself to other types of NoSQL Database. Therefore, the way of operation and data model, grasp of operation environment, collection and analysis of artifacts and recovery technique of deleted data in HBase which is a NoSQL column-based database are presented in this paper. Also the proposed technique of digital forensic investigation to HBase is verified by an experimental scenario.

• Proceedings of the Korean Association of Geographic Inforamtion Studies Conference
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.65-72
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• 2008

Mobile Collaboration is an enabling technology that makes users share information between mobile devices and various Mobile P2P platforms have been designed and implemented for it. There are, however, few research papers on application of SIP protocol to spatial data sharing on mobile devices. In this paper, SIP based real time sharing framework is proposed to compose a mobile P2P platform on which spatial data can be trans(erred. A new protocol based on WKT and WKB is defined to send and receive spatial objects with SIP MESSAGE method. Base maps such as digital maps and parcel maps can be provided by a map server that is integrated with SIP server after a new SIP session established and client agents are registered. The framework proposed based onSIP enables users to transfer spatial data such as maps and satellite images directly between mobile devices during VoIP based voice call and therefore, mobile applications can be applied in various domains such asforest management and national defense.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.102 no.3
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• pp.398-406
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• 2013

Afforestation/reforestation (A/R) clean development mechanism (CDM) is the only forestry-based activities allowed under the Kyoto protocol. This study was conducted to develop a methodology to estimate greenhouse gas (GHG) removals of a small scale A/R CDM pilot project in Goseong, Gangwon Province, Korea. AR-AMS0001 was applied as a methodology and selected tree species were Pinus koraiensis, Larix kaempferi, and Betula platyphylla for total area of 75.0 ha. To improve the accuracy on the GHG removals estimation, selection of the baseline scenario and carbon pools and stratification of the project site were conducted. Based on the developed methodology, net anthropogenic GHG removals were estimated as actual net GHG removals, subtracted by baseline net greenhouse gas removals and leakage. As a result, anthropogenic GHG removals of the project were 12,415 ton $CO_2-e$ and 165.5 ton $CO_2-e/ha$. This project is the first A/R CDM in domestic site and could enhance the technical accuracy of the GHG removals estimation by using countryspecific data reflecting the site condition.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.15-21
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• 2012

An analysis was completed of the hazards distance of hydrogen accidents such as jet release, jet fire, and vapor cloud explosion(VCE) of hydrogen gas, and simplified equations have been proposed to predict the hazard distances to set up safety distance by the gas dispersion, fire, and explosion following hydrogen gas release. For a small release rate of hydrogen gas, such as from a pine-hole, the hazard distance from jet dispersion is longer than that from jet fire. The hazard distance is directly proportional to the pressure raised to a half power and to the diameter of hole and up to several tens meters. For a large release rate, such as from full bore rupture of a pipeline or a large hole of storage vessel, the hazard distance from a large jet fire is longer than that from unconfined vapor cloud explosion. The hazard distance from the fire may be up to several hundred meters. Hydrogen filling station in urban area is difficult to compliance with the safety distance criterion, if the accident scenario of large hydrogen gas release is basis for setting up the safety distance, which is minimum separation distance between the station and building. Therefore, the accident of large hydrogen gas release must be prevented by using safety devices and the safety distance may be set based on the small release rate of hydrogen gas. But if there are any possibility of large release, populated building, such as school, hospital etc, should be separated several hundred meters.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.121-121
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• 2011

도시유역 물순환 해석 모형(Catchment hydrologic cycle Analysis Tool, CAT)은 기존의 개념적 매개변수 기반의 집중형 수문모형과 물리적 매개변수 기반의 분포형 수문모형의 장점을 최대한 집약하여, 도시유역 개발 전/후의 장/단기적 물순환 변화특성을 정량적으로 평가하고 물순환 개선시설의 효과적인 설계를 지원하기 위한 물순환 해석 모형이다. 이 모형은 수문학적으로 균일하게 판단되는 범위를 소유역으로 분할하여 지형학적 요인에 의한 유출 특성을 객관적으로 반영할 수 있으며, 개발 공간 단위별로 침투, 증발, 지하수 흐름 등의 모의가 가능하도록 하는 링크-노드 방식으로 개발되었다. 모형의 UI(User Interface)는 사용자가 손쉽게 모형을 적용/관리하고, 여러 시나리오를 동시에 효과적으로 모의하여 분석할 수 있도록 설계되었다. 또한, 모든 입/출력 자료를 엑셀이나 텍스트 형식과 연동되도록 하여 프로젝트별 매개변수 관리가 용이하도록 개발하였다. 특히 본 모형에서는 사용자의 목적에 맞는 다양한 물순환 개선시설(침투시설, 저류지, 습지, 빗물저장시설, 리사이클 및 외부급수 등)의 구현 및 모의가 가능하도록 개발하였다. CAT은 수자원의지속적확보기술개발사업(2008 ~ 2011)의 연구 성과로서 한국건설기술연구원에서 개발하였다. 2008년 말에 모형의 기본구조가 개발되었고, 2009년에는 세부 알고리즘인 증발산, 침투, 유역 유출, 지하수 유거, 하도추적 등의 모듈과 사용자 편의시스템이 개발되었다. 2010년에는 우리나라 논의 특성을 반영한 논 유출 해석 모듈 및 저류지, 침투시설, 습지, 빗물이용시설 및 하천에서의 취수와 도수 등과 같은 물순환 개선시설을 평가할 수 있는 모듈을 추가하여 개발하였으며 2010년 3월에 도시유역 물순환 해석 모형 1.0 베타 버전을 출시하였다. 2010년 12월 에는 1.0 베타 버전에 침투해석모듈(Green&Ampt, Horton), 논에서의 개량물꼬 배수, 침투녹지(Bioretention) 및 차집관거 기능을 추가하였고, 기타 GUI의 업그레이드 및 추가를 통하여 1.5 베타 버전을 출시하였다. 현재까지 여러 자연유역과 신도시 개발지역에 대한 적용을 통하여 모형의 적용성을 평가하였다. 본 연구에서는 기존의 자연유역과 신도시 개발지역 외에 농업용 저수지와 논 관개지구가 위치한 유역을 대상으로 모형의 적용성을 평가하고자 하였다. 대상유역은 농업용수 지구이며 농업수리시설의 종류와 규모가 다양할 뿐만 아니라 농촌유역으로써의 대표성을 가지고 기존의 관측자료가 풍부한 점 등을 고려하여 경기도 평택의 이동유역을 선정하였다. 이동유역은 행정구역으로는 경기도 용인시 이동면, 남사면 일원이며 서쪽은 경기도 오산시, 남쪽은 평택시, 안성시 그리고, 북쪽은 용인시와 인접하고 있다. 이동유역 내 주요시설로서 유역면적 $94.4km^2$의 이동저수지와 상류에 용덕저수지($12.41km^2$)와 미산저수지($4.39km^2$), 노곡저수지($2.00km^2$)의 3개 저수지가 위치하며 2개의 유입하천(진위천, 송전천)에 의해 이동저수지로 유입된다.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.13D no.6 s.109
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• pp.847-856
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• 2006

In this paper, we suggested a mobile collaboration framework for supporting mobile services among mobile devices, and designed and implemented on this environment. The suggested framework has three elements; groups of sensors and mobile devices(Fixed and Moving-typed PDAs) and a home server. We designed interfaces for interactions with each other in collaboration environment with three elements described above. The information collected by sensors can be share and exchanged by mobile devices or a home server in accordance with Push and Pull methods. This framework is based on the distributed object group framework(DOGF) we implemented before. Therefore the DOGF provides functions of object group management, storing information and security services to our mobile collaboration framework via application interfaces defined. The information collected by sensors is arranged according to user's security 'demands. And user profile information is used for checking authority of each service object. Each component for executing functions of mobile devices and a home server is implemented by TMO scheme. And we used the TMOSM for interactions between distributed components. Finally, we showed via GUI the executablity of a given healthcare application scenario on our mobile collaboration framework.