• Korean Journal of Family Social Work
• /
• no.54
• /
• pp.155-185
• /
• 2016

The purpose of this study was to determine types, causes and instructional methods of challenging behaviors perceived by mothers of young children with and without disabilities. Then it was also to determine influencing factors of mothers' socio-demographic variables and mothers' perceptions of types and causes of young children's challenging behaviors on using instructional methods perceived by the mothers. The subjects were 176 mothers of young children aged from two to six including 100 mothers of young children without disabilities and 76 mothers of young children with disabilities in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province. Results showed that first, there were significant differences in areas on internalized challenging behaviors and avoidance of social activities for the types of challenging behaviors. Second, on the cause of challenging behaviors, areas on children's behaviors and nature had significant differences between the groups. Third, on instructional method of challenging behaviors, there were significant differences on areas of establishing supportive environment and social and emotional strategies. Lastly, for the mothers of young children without disabilities, mothers' educational background and children's nature area as cause of challenging behaviors significantly affected instructional methods. For the mothers of young children with disabilities, family's income and others area as cause of challenging behaviors affected instructional methods. Developing practical application strategies were suggested based on the results. Research limitations and further research suggestions were also discussed.

• 재활복지
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.247-264
• /
• 2016

The Children's Home Inventory for Listening Difficulties (CHILD) questionnaire has been applied for assessing listening and communication difficulties in various home situations for children with hearing loss. The purpose of the study was to translate the CHILD questionnaire for parents into Korean and verify reliability and validity of Korean version of CHILD (CHILD-K). CHILD-K was completed by 55 parents of children (from ages 3~12 years) using cochlear implants (CI). Among the 55 children, 27 were in preschool and 28 in elementary. Internal consistency reliability of CHILD-K was verified by Chronbach's alpha. The mixed factorial ANOVA was conducted to compare the effects of the age group and situation factors (Quiet, Noise, Distance, Social, and Media factors) on the score of CHILD. The results indicated that CHILD-K showed excellent internal consistency reliability (${\alpha}=.96$). The CHILD scores among age groups were significantly different as the older age group resulted in higher scores in all situations except Distance. For both groups the mean scores for the Quiet situation were significantly higher than other situations, and the mean scores for the Social situation were significantly lower than other situations. Moreover, analysis showed that children with CI had difficulties in the Social situation combined with other situation factors. The results indicate that the Korean version of CHILD questionnaire is a reliable tool for the assessment of communication abilities in home situation in Korean-speaking children using CI.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
• /
• v.30 no.1
• /
• pp.27-41
• /
• 2009

This study examined the cognitive and social development of children of low income, disabled mothers. Sixty-four disabled mothers and their 3- to 5-year-old normally developing children participated. Children's IQ, receptive vocabulary, and social adaptive ability were measured with Korean-Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (Park et al.,1996), Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-Revised (Seoul Community Rehabilitation Center, 1995), and Social Maturity Test(Kim & Kim, 1995), respectively. Results showed that IQ and receptive vocabulary scores were lower than average and that verbal IQ was positively related to shared reading time and library use; verbal IQ was negatively related to duration of child-care attendance. Children's social quotient was higher than average and positively related to mother's employment status and amount of books in the home.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.291-301
• /
• 2023

The purpose of this study is to examine the perception of early childhood teachers on ecological art activities oriented to education for sustainable development. The research results are as follows. First, Early childhood teachers recognized the visual art of natural media, the pursuit of community values, and the participation and communication of social members as educational significance of ecological art activities. And difficulties in practicing ecological art were recognized as lack of educational environment, lack of ecological art teaching materials and specific examples, and teachers' lack of understanding of ecological art. Also, they recognized that ecological art activities foster core competencies in art experience area, such as nature-friendly communication skills, eco-friendly sensibility, and creative convergence skills. Second, regarding ecological art activities and sustainable development education, early childhood teachers considered the difficulties in practice as lack of awareness about sustainable development, lack of play meia and materials, lack of educational policies and support, and insufficient teacher training programs. Also, regarding the SDGs that can be practiced in ecological art activities, teachers were found to be highly aware of 'grow affordable and clean energy', 'improve clean water and sanitation', 'provide quality education' in the order. In the contents of education for sustainable development that can be practiced in ecological art activities, teachers are given the order of 'climate change response', 'clean energy', 'water and sanitation', 'quality education', 'health and well-being' and 'marine ecosystem'. was highly recognized. If an ecological art activity program is developed, the rate of responding that it will be used is high, so it is considered that the development of an ESD-oriented ecological art activity program is urgent.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.9-17
• /
• 2017

This study investigates and analyzes the convenience facilities to strengthen or mitigate the Barrier Free awareness and Kindergarten Barrier Free for the kindergarten school staff and the public facility officials of the education office. In addition, to improve the Barrier Free, the improvement facilities of the kindergarten were investigated and analyzed. First, from the institutional viewpoint, it is necessary to amend the existing regulations of the Act for the Promotion of the Convenience Promotion of Disabled Persons, Elderly and Pregnant Women in Korea, and to change the facilities for duties and recommended installation of the kindergarten and the Barrier Free certification standards. Second, in order to apply the Barrier Free certification system to the kindergarten in terms of facility environment, it is necessary to activate the barrier kind of the kindergarten so as to receive the Barrier Free certification by lowering the score of the items difficult to improve due to the terrain or building structure. Third, the perception of Barrier Free is still not high in terms of social awareness. The purpose of this study is to investigate the method of creating a Barrier Free for a kindergarten in the education and living space of children who are the socially underprivileged. Therefore, based on this study, it is anticipated that it will be an opportunity to promote change of Barrier Free in Kindergarten if an attempt is made to improve the Barrier Free certification index suitable for public kindergarten.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.13-25
• /
• 1998

Aim：We think that the most important etiology in parent abuse is the psychodynamic and psychopathology in the family. So, we investigated the adolescents being admitted in SNMH, whose chief complaints were parent abuse. We were trying to explore families psychodynamic and psychopathology, especially mother-child interaction and to differentiate them in according to developmental psychopathology. Method：Our objects were the adolescent patients admitted in SNMH from 1987 to 1997 because they attacked parents verbally and physically. We examined 21 adolescents except those with psychosis, organic mental disorder, autism and mental retardation by means of interview or chart review. Result and Conclusion：The number of male patients was 14 and the number of female patients was 7. The most common diagnosis was conduct disorder and borderline personality disorder. The mean age was in the mid-teens. We observed 4 subgroups that were divided developmentally in object relation. 1) Symbiotic group with mother：(1) They did not separate and remain in symbiotic relationships with their mothers based on insecure attachment. Fathers were abscent emotionally and physically, and their mothers were prominent in close relationships with the patients in their family , where as the patients were the only man in the family. Adolescents entered the second separation-individuation. They expressed anger and internal tension involved with the close attachment with their mothers and also attempted separation from their mothers through physically attacking them. (2) These patients had suffered from physical illness and developmental delay since birth. Therefore the parents overprotected their children. The children had persistent infantile omnipotence and fantasies of power, so they could not deal with unrealistic states, adapt to reality, and depended on their parents overtly. They easily acted out unless their demands were fulfilled. 2) Borderline personality disorder：We observed deficiencies in care taking. Their parents had personality problems and immaturity. They coulden’t help their children to be separated in the rapproachment phase. Their conflict about dependence-independence was revived in the second separation-individuation adolescent period. We understand parent abuse as an attempt to overcome the conflict. 3) Conduct disorder：They did not build up basic attachment with their parents. They think of their parents as only a means of fulfilling their needs. When patients’ need were not fulfilled and remained in a conflicted state, they attacked their parents, unable to control their aggressions and impulses.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.38 no.1
• /
• pp.159-165
• /
• 2018

In recent years, universal design concepts have been introduced that are designed to make everybody more comfortable and safe to use for products, buildings, environments, services, and so on. In the case of urban railroad history, it is important to maintain facilities that incorporate the universal design concept because it is an important facility that serves as a base of city life and there are various users. This research is the last annual task of 5 years as part of the project of "Development of Technique to Improve the Convenience of Urban Railway History User" by the National Institute of Transportation Technology Promotion Agency. The purpose of this study is to develop criteria and method of facilities convenience evaluation based on UD and to evaluate user convenience by selecting test bed station. For this purpose, the UD principle of the historic facilities of Weihai Urban Railway was established and detailed evaluation criteria were presented. As a result of evaluating the test bed history using the 5-point Likert scale of the joint research institute / railway operating agency / expert, 50.3% of convenience improvement was achieved. As a result of evaluating the applicability according to the UD principle, 48.7% Respectively. The evaluation criteria and methodology based on the UD suggested in this study is a quantitative method for evaluating UD application of urban railway facilities in the future.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.1-14
• /
• 2018

Objective : The present study investigated the effects of group play activities based on Ayres Sensory $Integration^{(R)}$ (ASI) on sensory processing ability, social skill ability and self-esteem of low-income children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods : A total of 20 low-income participants with children with ADHD were recruited and divided into an experimental group (n=10) and a control group (n=10). Sensory processing ability was measured via the Short Sensory Profile (SSP). Social skill ability was measured via the Social Skills Rating System (SSRS). To measure self-esteem, the Rosenberg's self- esteem scale was used. The experimental group received the $ASI^{(R)}$ group play activities for 50 minutes, twice per week for six weeks, while the control group did not receive an intervention. Level of significance of all statistical analyses was .05. Results : Social skill ability (F=4.443, p=.05), cooperation (F=5.328, p=.035) and self-esteem (F=5.358, p=.033) differed significantly between groups after the intervention. Conclusion : Our findings indicate that the group play activities based on $ASI^{(R)}$ are effective in improving social skill ability and self-esteem. This study provided a theoretical basis for the claim that sensory integration therapy should be applied in general elementary schools.