• Title/Summary/Keyword: 잠재가격

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Average Shadow Price in Integer Programming and its Stability Analysis (정수계획모형에서의 평균잠재가격과 이의 안정성)

  • 조성철
    • Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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    • v.24 no.2
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    • pp.109-119
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    • 1999
  • The average shadow price is a substitute for the traditional marginal shadow price. It can serve as a standard for decision making problems about the economic resources where the marginal analysis gives no useful information. This paper treats the average shadow price in pure integer programming and shows some stability properties of it. This implies that the values of the average shadow prices once computed are reliable within some extent of the data perturbations of the integer programming model.

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A Study on the Web-Based ERP Construction Strategy for Electronic Commerce (전자상거래를 위한 웹기반 ERP 구축 전략에 관한 연구)

  • Han, Cheol-Woong;Pyeong, Ryu;Park, Sei-Sung
    • Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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    • 2000.10a
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    • pp.563-566
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    • 2000
  • 본 논문에서는 무한한 잠재시장과 원가절감효과 등을 통한 가격경쟁력을 가지고 있는 인터넷쇼핑몰에서 첨단식 제품판매방법과 기업의 기간 시스템인ERP을 통합관리전략에 관하여 연구한다. 다른 인터넷신기술과 많은 정보시스템을 연계하여 새로운 수익모델창출을 발생시킴으로써 정보시스템의 표준화, 닷컴기업과 중소기업의 활성화 그리고 정보기술의 발전을 위해 웹과 연동한 ERP시스템을 제안한다.

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중소기업 마케터를 위한 e-CRM

  • 김재경
    • Proceedings of the CALSEC Conference
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    • 2001.02a
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    • pp.107-128
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    • 2001
  • 잠재고객 및 가격 ㆍ 닷컴 사이트들의 eCRM에 대한 관심은 매우 높음 ▷ 88% 개념 이해, 53%는 이해도 높음 ㆍ eCRM의 도입동기는 마케팅/고객지원이 주된 이유 ▷ 87% 마케팅 효율화, 76% 고객지원 강화 ㆍ eCRM도입시기는 2001년에 집중 ▷ 75% 2001년경으로 예상 ㆍ eCRM도입비용은 저 예산 선호추세 ▷ 58% 1억 이하 예상 ▷ 78% 3억원 이하 예상 (H/W, S/W 및 구축비 포함) ㆍ외산제품은 고가의 부담과 장기간의 구축시간 필요(중략)

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Comparison of Potential CO2 Reduction and Marginal Abatement Costs across Sectors and Provinces in the Chinese Manufacturing Industries (중국 제조업 부문별 CO2 잠재감축량 및 한계저감비용 지역 간 비교 분석)

  • Jin, Yingmei;Lee, Myunghun
    • Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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    • v.22 no.3
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    • pp.459-479
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    • 2013
  • To assess the feasibility of 'low carbon, sustainable growth' policy pursued of the Chinese government, this paper first measures technical efficiency, $CO_2$ shadow prices, and indirect Morishima elasticity of substitution between capital and energy for 24 of manufacturing sectors in Beijing and Chongqing, in which China launched pilot carbon emissions trading scheme, by estimating the input distance function. Based on these results, then the potential for $CO_2$ reduction, cost savings from emissions trading, and the effectiveness of capital investment in reducing $CO_2$ are compared across industries and provinces. In 2010, manufacturing industries in Beijing and Chongqing could potentially reduce the largest $CO_2$ emissions, amounting 5.2 and 17 million tons, respectively, by achieving 100% technical efficiency. While, on average, Chongqing has a comparative advantage in the cost savings from carbon trading over Beijing, Beijing is more likely to reduce $CO_2$ by expanding capital investment.

Housing Need and Demand Assessment: Focused on Public Housing Development Projects (공공주택 사업지구의 수요평가모델 구축 연구)

  • Ji, Kyu-Hyun;Lee, So-Young;Kim, Yong-Soon
    • Land and Housing Review
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    • v.5 no.4
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    • pp.247-257
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    • 2014
  • This study proposes a new housing need and demand assessment model centering on small-scale housing development projects and happy house development projects that reflected the recent changes in rental and small sized apartment centered public housing policies and development paradigms. The housing need and demand assessment model of public housing development projects consists of quantitative evaluation factors such as potential need indicator and demand pressure indicator and qualitative evaluation factors such as local condition indicator. The potential need indicators of small sized housing development projects are calculated by subtracting the stock of already-supplied constructed rental and purchased rental housings from the potential quantity of need drawn from the small regions such as -eup, -myeon, and -dong. In the potential need indicators of happy house development projects, the potential need is calculated from those who are expected to receive a happy house in the unit of -si, -gun, and -gu. In small-sized housing development projects, demand pressure indictors are the number and the proportion of those who opened a subscription deposit, the number of those who received basic livelihood security and the number of those who were patriots and veterans. The demand pressure indicators of the happy house development projects are stock ratio of small-sized houses, rate of rise in housing rent price, level of housing rent price, and rate of monthly rent house.

Livestock Industry Odor Reduces the Property Value - Spatial Hedonic Model - (축산농가의 악취가 주택가격에 미치는 영향 - 공간헤도닉모형 -)

  • Park, Dooho
    • Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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    • v.14 no.4
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    • pp.923-941
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    • 2005
  • Odor problem of livestock operation is important issue in a local community. I quantified the property price impact of 199 livestock operations for 3,355 housing sales in the U.S (Colorado). Spatial hedonic model was adopted to deal with spatial autocorrelation in housing market. Small beef and dairy operations, which are the traditional agricultural sector, seem to create a positive rural lifestyle amenity effect. However, the impact of livestock operation on rural residential sales turns to negative if the operation is over a certain size and species. Large hog and sheep operation seems to bring fatal economic loss from the local community perspective if it close to residential area. Livestock odor is one of the negative externality, the results provide the potential social cost of the livestock sector in the region. Policy makers may incorporate this social cost in the regional planning to minimize the social and maximize the development effect. Therefore, local officials and private individuals should carefully consider the location and characteristics of new residential properties and livestock operations alike.

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A Case Study of the Deferred Exposure by Real Estate Finance Types: Focusing on the Distortion of Loan and the Overestimation of Value (부동산금융 유형별 익스포저 이연 사례 연구: Loan의 왜곡과 Value의 과대평가 문제를 중심으로)

  • Jeong, Dae-Seok;Hwangbo, Chang
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.20 no.6
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    • pp.38-50
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    • 2020
  • The purpose of this study is to identify the risks to financial institutions in terms of expanding potential risks due to the deferral of exposure, by identifying the structures in which real estate finance and financial institutions affect real estate prices at low interest rates. To this end, real estate financing is categorized according to the method of financing and the type of value measurement from a risk management perspective and analyzed for each case. As a result of analysis, in the case of profitable real estate, the rate of real estate is increased by directly decreasing the cap rate and directly affecting the fair value calculation method. In the case of non-profitable real estate, the real estate price is increased by expanding the leverage width of investors or financial institutions. Through the analysis of this case, the continuous increase in real estate prices over the past 10 years has the potential to prevent financial institutions from losing under the circumstances such as the growth of real estate finance due to the advancement of the financial market and the continued low interest rate trend that has continued for 10 years. It is judged that the deferred delay is part of the cause, which leads to an increase in the risk to financial institutions.

A Long Run Classical Model of Price Determination (한국(韓國)의 물가모형(物價模型))

  • Park, Woo-kyu;Kim, Se-jong
    • KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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    • v.14 no.4
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    • pp.3-26
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    • 1992
  • The pupose of this paper is to construct a price determination model of the Korean economy and to find out the propogation mechanism of monetary and fiscal policies. The model is a small-size macroeconometric model consisted of ten core equations : consumption, investment, exports, imports, consumer price index, wage rate, corporate bond rate, potential GNP, capital stock, and GNP identity. The model is a Keynesian model : consumer price index is determined by markup over costs, and wage rate is expressed by Phillipse curve ralation. Two features of the model, however, distinguish this model from other macroeconometric models of the Korean economy. First of all, the estimation of potential GNP and the capital stock is endogenized as suggested by Haque, Lahiri, and Montiel (1990). This allows us to calculate the level of excess demand, which is defined as the difference between the actual GNP and the potential GNP. Second, interest rate, inflation and wages are all estimated as endogenous variables. Moreover, all quantity variables include price variables as important determinants. For instance, interest rate is an important determinant of consumption and investment. Exports and imports are determined by the real effective exchange rate. These two features make the interactions between excess demand and prices the driving forces of this model. In the model, any shock which affects quantity variable(s) affects excess demand, which in turn affects prices. This strong interaction between prices and quantities makes the model look like a classical model over the long run. That is, increases in money supply, government expenditures, and exchange rate (the price of the U.S. dollar in terms of Korean won) all have expansionery effects on the real GNP in the short run, but prices, wage, and interest rate all increase as a result. Over the long run, higher prices have dampenning effects on output. Therefore the level of real GNP turns out to be not much different from the baseline level ; on the other hand, the rates of inflation, wage and interest rate remain at higher levels.

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Estimation of the Shadow Price of Carbon Dioxide Emissions, the Potential Reduction, and Substitution Possibility for fuels in the Chinese Fossil-fueled Power Generation Sector (중국 화력발전산업의 CO2 암묵가격 및 잠재감축량, 연료에 대한 대체가능성 분석)

  • Jin, Yingmei;Lee, Myunghun
    • Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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    • v.22 no.1
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    • pp.77-98
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    • 2013
  • China, the world's largest $CO_2$ producer, is likely to be obligated to reduce greenhouse gas emissions under the post-Kyoto protocol. This paper estimates a Shephard input distance function for the Chinese fossil-fueled power generation sector to measure the shadow price of $CO_2$ emissions, technical efficiency, and indirect Morishima elasticities of substitution between inputs. Empirical results show that, on average, it costs approximately 3.2 US dollars per year to reduce $CO_2$ emissions by one ton over the period 1981-2009. This finding indicates that Chinese power sector is expected to benefit from selling emission permits to other countries such as Korea and Japan, given that our estimate for China is lower than the ones previous literatures estimated for the power sector in these countries. The maximum attainable average $CO_2$ reduction potential amounts to approximately 25 million tons per year by improving technical efficiency. Capital is substitutable with both coal and oil and capital is relatively more readily substituted for these fuels.

The Development of Bag-fabrics with Using ATY Composite Yarn (이소재 복합 ATY사를 이용한 PET Base 가방지용 직물 개발)

  • Hong, Sang-Gi;Park, Seong-Woo;Seo, Mal-Yong;Kang, Yun-Hwa;Kang, Su-Jin;Oh, Ik-Hwan
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Dyers and Finishers Conference
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    • 2011.03a
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    • pp.95-95
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    • 2011
  • 가방지 중에서 고급 브랜드의 핸드백은 근래의 세계적인 경기불황에서도 꾸준한 소비층을 형성하면서 매출 상승을 유도하고 있는데, 기존 40~50대 시니어들을 위한 전통적인 레자 또는 자카드 문양직물의 고유한 디자인 뿐만 아니라 20~30대의 젊은 층을 위한 다양한 칼라의 프린팅 문양 직물도 많이 개발되고 있는 실정이다. 본 연구는 잠재권축사와 고강력PET를 이용하여 이소재 복합 ATY를 제조하고 제직 및 날염을 통해 다양한 프린팅 문양을 발현할 수 있는 가방지용 직물 개발에 관한 것이다. 최근의 캐주얼 및 힙합룩은 물론, 베이직 정장 차림까지 트렌디한 우븐 백이 코디 아이템 1호로 떠오르고 있는데, 가방용 브랜드 중"레스포색"과 "키플링" 등이 급상승 기류를 타며 국내에 빠르게 정착하고 있으며 수입 브랜드인 경전상사의 "롱샴"도 폴딩백으로 인기를 누리고 있다. 핫 이슈인 스포티즘을 떠올리지 않더라도 최근의 변화는 소비자의 니즈를 적극 수용하려는 패션잡화 업체들의 움직임을 대변하고 있으며, 직물형태의 백이 합리적인 가격에서나 가볍고 편리한 실용적인 부분 모두 소비자의 니즈를 채워주기에 충분하고, 트렌드가 부각된 가방일수록 시즌에 따라 스피디하게 구매가 이뤄지고 있다는 장점이 있어서, 최신 트렌드의 디자인과 재료 효과를 극대화한 제품이 다수 선보이고 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 다양한 트렌드 디자인의 문양 발현을 위한 직물을 위해 PET Base의 잠재권축사와 PET 고강력사를 사용하였는데, 이때 사용되는 잠재권사는 Effect사로써 온도, Air압 등의 공정요소 제어를 통해 Soft한 touch을 위한 잔루프를 발현하도록 하였으며, PET 고강력사는 Core사로 사용함으로써 잠재권축사의 강도를 보강하여 가방지로써 요구되는 강력을 가질 수 있도록 하였다.

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