• Explosives and Blasting
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.1-13
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• 2003

Overbreak or underbreak is one of the most important factors in evaluating the results of a tunnel blasting. Overbreak, which depends on the quality of rock, the type and quantity of explosives, and drilling conditions, has been a target of challenge to many blasting engineers because it directly affects construction cost. Drilling is generally known as one of the primary factors to generate overbreak. This study presents a real working model to reduce overbreak based on the analysis of drilling accuracy and overbreak generated from various working methods related to drilling. As the first step of the study, 45 experiments have been performed. The factors investigated are: marking contour line, the position of perimeter holes, the change of look-out with drilling rig position, and the proper space between perimeter holes. It is concluded that workers and engineers＇ will and efforts are the most important factors to reduce overbreak and that improving drilling method and pattern could reduce overbreak to a considerable amount.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.3-18
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• 2015

Numerosity perception is considered as an innate ability of human being where its sensivitiy may widely vary across each individual person. The present study explored the relationship between visual working memory (VWM), visual search efficiency, and numerosity sensitivity. To accomplish this, we calculated each participant's K-value from change detection performance representing one's storage capacity in VWM, slopes of search RTs representing the search efficiency, and discrimination sensitivity for a quantity difference across two sets of dot arrays representing the numerosity sensitivity. The correlational analysis across the measurements revealed that participants with a high VWM capacity better discriminated the numerosity difference in the arrays when the spatial information in the two dot arrays was preserved. In contrast, the participants with high search efficiency discriminated better the difference in the arrays when the spatial information in the arrays was not preserved. The results indicate high VWM-capacity individuals were presumably able to use a strategy of storing the dot arrays by grouping them into a smaller pattern of dot arrays while high search-efficiency individuals were able to use a strategy of rapidly switching their focused attention across the dots in the arrays to count each individual dot. These in sum suggest that individual differences in numerosity sensitivity rely on one's working memory capacity as well as their efficient use of switching focused attention.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.1-11
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• 2011

Many studies which assessed the function of forest are focused on usage of citizen, but studies which focused on natural-ecological function still lack. Hence, the purpose of this study is to select and apply the evaluation indicators on natural-ecological function of forest as a base research for sustainable planing and management. First, the 35 indicators were selected by the review of the internal and external 56 literature. The 12 indicators among those were reselected as natural-ecological indicator by the first survey and 7 indicators such as green area, connectivity etc. were determined through MCB analysis by the second survey. Also, the weights of 7 indicators for the functional evaluation were computed using AHP analysis by the third survey. As aresult of AHP analysis, the naturality was showed the highest indicator by 0.189, while the NDVI was evaluated the lowest indicator by 0.063. According to the result of evaluating the natural-ecological function on forest in Daegu which was selected as suitable study area, the natural-ecological functions around the Mt. Ap and Mt. Chengryong, top of Mt. Biseul had more than 85 scores, so those were assessed as an excellent area. On the other hand, the functions around the western area of Mt. Waryong and Mt. Macheon, the Mt. Daeni of Dalseong-Gun had less than 50 scores, which means that the area had to be controled by sustainable management. Therefore, we will be able to utilize the basic data for the preservation and management at urban and environmental planning through the results of this study.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.13D no.4 s.107
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• pp.583-592
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• 2006

Software development based on product lines has been proved a promising technology that can drastically reduce cycle time and guarantee quality by strategically reusing quality core assets that belong to an organization. However, how to measure within a product line is different from how to measure within a single software project in that we have to consider the aspects of both core assets and projects that utilize the assets. Moreover, the performance aspects of overall project lines need to be considered within a product line context. Therefore, a systematic approach to measure the performance of product lines is essential to have consistent, repeatable and effective measures within a product line. This paper presents a context-based measurements elicitation approach for product lines that reflects the performance characteristics of product lines and the diversity of their application. The approach includes both detailed procedures and work products resulting from implementation of the procedures, along with their templates. To show the utility of the approach, this paper presents the elicited measurements, especially for technical management practices among product line practices. This paper also illustrated a real application case that adopt this approach. The systematic approach enables management attributes, i.e., measurements to be identified when we construct product lines or develop software product based on the product lines. The measurements will be effective in that they are derived in consideration of the application context and interests of stakeholders.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.643-654
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• 2018

In order to understand and manage traffic flows in urban areas in the past, a variety of traffic engineering theoretical indicators such as intersection lag and highway speed have been applied. However, these theories and indicators have been developed under the constraints of traffic engineering research before the construction of intelligent transportation system. Since the ATIS system currently exists, it is necessary to introduce a separate traffic engineering technology that utilizes the data. In this paper, it is aimed to confirm whether it is applicable to intermittent flow (approach road, intersection, control group, main road axis) by using 'congestion intensity' which is already used in traffic engineering field. The results of this study are as follows: (1) The traffic signal improvement effect of urban road access road, intersection road, control group, Two verification studies were performed to verify the derived congestion intensity index. (1) verification of congestion intensity threshold value analysis and (2) crossing improvement using the congestion intensity. Through verification, it was confirmed that it is possible to apply the congestion intensity in the inter - city intermittent flow using the 5 - minute unit speed data so as to be able to escape from the existing traffic signal operation management which is past passive and manpower limit.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.1-19
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• 2012

A large-scale IS development project takes a long time, thus its project manager needs to be more careful on risk management. In particular, appropriate cutover decision making is critical in large-scale IS development projects because the opening of the large-scale IS significantly impacts the organization. Regardless of its importance, cutover decision making in conventional IS development projects has been done in a quite simple way. Conventional cutover decisions have been made by considering just whether the new IS operates or not from the system, application, and data implementation perspectives. However, this approach may lead to unsatisfactory performance or system failure in complex large-scale IS development. Under this background, we propose a new framework for cutover decision making on large-scale IS projects. To validate the applicability, we applied the framework to a core banking system development case. The case study shows that our framework is effective in proper cutover decision making.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.624-627
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• 2004

본 연구는 동일한 병렬기계에서의 총 납기지연의 합을 최소화하는 일정계획 문제에 대해 다룬다. 이 문제는 Lenstra et al. (1977)에 의해 NP-hard로 알려져 있으며, 작업의 수와 기계의 수가 큰 현실적 문제에 대해 적절한 시간 내에 최적해를 찾는다는 것은 사실상 불가능하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 이 문제를 해결하기 위하여 혼합형 유전 알고리즘(hybrid genetic algorithm)을 제안한다. 혼합형 유전 알고리즘에서는 임의로 발생시킨 모집단에 대해 먼저 유전 알고리즘(genetic algorithm)이 세대를 진행하며 해를 개선한다. 유전 알고리즘이 일정기간동안 더 이상 해를 개선하지 못하면, 부분탐색 알고리즘(local-search algorithm))이 유전 알고리즘의 모집단의 개체들에 대해 해의 개선을 시도한다. 즉, 부분 탐색 알고리즘은 모집단 속의 각각의 개체를 초기해로 하여 모집단 내의 개체 수만큼의 부분 최적해(local optimum)들을 구한다. 이렇게 구한 부분 최적해들로 새로운 모집단을 구성하면 다시 유전 알고리즘이 진행된다. 이 과정을 종료조건에 이를 때까지 번갈아가며 반복 수행한다. 본 연구에서 제안한 유전 알고리즘에서는 Bean(1994)이 제안한 Random key 방법으로 개체를 표현하였으며 Park(2000)이 제안한 3가지 교차 연산자들을 채용하였다. 부분탐색 알고리즘을 위해서는 쌍대교환(pair-wise interchange) 방법을 통해 이웃해를 생성하였다. 선행실험을 통하여 제안한 혼합형 유전알고리즘에서 사용하는 다양한 모수(parameter)값들을 최적화하였으며 알고리즘의 성능을 비교하기 위하여 기존의 알고리즘과도 비교실험을 수행하였다.복적인 지표가 채택되는 경우를 포함하고 있다. 셋째는 추상적이며 측정이 어려운 지표를 채택하고 있는 경우이다. 여기에는 지표에 대한 정확한 정의가 이루어져 있지 않아 피 평가자가 불필요하거나 과다한 평가 자료를 준비해야 하거나 평가자로 하여금 평가 시 혼돈을 유발할 가능성이 있거나, 또는 상위개념의 평가항목과 하위개념의 평가항목이 혼재되어 구분이 모호한 경우를 포함하고 있다. 바탕으로 '생태적 합리성'이라는 체계적인 지식교육을 거쳐서, '환경정의' 의식의 제고로 이어가고, 굵직한 '환경갈등'의 상황에서 뚜렷한 정치적 태도와 실천을 할 수 있는 '생태적 인간상'의 육성으로 나아갈 수 있어야 한다는 것이 필자의 생각이다. 이를 위해서는 어찌되었건 체험학습 영역에서는 환경현안에 대한 사회적 실천을 '교육 소재'로 삼을 수 있어야 하며, 교과학습 영역에서는 한국사회의 환경현안에 대한 정치경제적 접근을 외면하지 말고 교과서 저작의 소재로 삼을 수 있어야 하며, 이는 '환경관리주의'와 '녹색소비'에 머물러 있는 '환경 지식교육'과 실천을 한단계 진전시키는 작업으로 이어질 것이다. 이후 10년의 환경교육은 바로 '생태적 합리성'과 '환경정의'라는 두 '화두'에 터하여 세워져야 한다.배액에서 약해를 보였으나, 25% 야자지방산의 경우 50 ${\sim}$ 100배액 어디에서도 액해를 보이지 않았다. 별도로 적용한 시험에서, 토마토의 경우에도 25% 야자지방산 비누 50 ${\sim}$ 100배액 모두 약해를 발생하지 않았으나, 오이에서는 25% 야자지방산 비누 100배액에도 약해를 나타내었다. 12. 이상의 결과, 천연지방산을 이용하여 유기농업에 허용되는 각종의 살충비누를 제조할 수 있었으

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.95-102
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• 2016

Computer security incident such as confidential information leak and data destruction are constantly growing and it becomes threat to information in digital devices. To respond against the incident, digital forensic techniques are also developing to help digital incident investigation. With the development of digital forensic technology, a variety of forensic artifact has been developed to trace the behavior of users. Also, a diversity of forensic tool has been developed to extract information from forensic artifact. However, there is a issue that information from forensic tools has its own forms. To solve this problem, it needs to process data when it is output from forensic tools. Then it needs to compare and analyze processed data to identify how data is related each other and interpret the implications. To reach this, it calls for effective method to store and output data in the course of data processing. This paper aims to propose DFIOC (Digital Forensic Indicators Of Compromise) that is capable of transcribing a variety of forensic artifact information effectively during incident analysis and response. DFIOC, which is XML based format, provides "Evidence" to represent various forensic artifacts in the incident investigation. Furthermore, It provides "Forensic Analysis" to report forensic analysis result and also gives "Indicator" to investigate the trace of incidence quickly. By logging data into one sheet in DFIOC format for forensic analysis process, it is capable of avoiding unnecessary data processing. Lastly, since collected information is recorded in a normalized format, data input and output becomes much easier as well as it will be convenient to use for identification of collected information and analysis of data relationship.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.177-181
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• 1996

This study was carried out to obtain basic data for technical inprovement about cultivation according to micrometerological changes under various mulching materials in Dendropanox morbifera LEV. The results are summarized as follows. Transparent polyethylene film and black polyethylene film mulching materials increased the soil porosity and reduced change of the soil moisture content. The rate of missing plant during overwinter increased in the control plot. Growth of Dendropanox morbifera LEV, was accelerated by transparent polyethylene film and black polyethylene film mulched.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.1-8
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• 2004

Large distributed systems such as computational and data grids require that a substantial amount of monitoring data be collected for various tasks such as fault detection, performance analysis, performance tuning, performance prediction, security analysis and scheduling. to cope with this problem, they are needed network monitoring architecture which can collect various network characteristic and analyze network security state. In this paper, we suggest network performance and security analysis system based on network monitoring. The System suggest that users can see distance network state with tuning network parameters.