• Journal of Life Science
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.1603-1610
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• 2010

Fucoidans are sulfated fucosylated polymers from the cell wall of brown algae. We assessed the effects of Fucus evanescens fucoidan on ultraviolet-B (UVB)-induced expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) protein, mRNA, and promoter, and the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases in vitro using an immortalized human keratinocyte cell line. Pretreatment with 10 and $100\;{\mu}g/ml$ fucoidan significantly inhibited UVB-induced MMP-1 protein, mRNA and promoter activity, compared to UVB irradiation alone. Extracellular signal regulated kinase activation was markedly inhibited by treatment with fucoidan, though c-JUN N-terminal kinase activity and p38 activation were only marginally affected by fucoidan. F. evanescens fucoidan may be a potential therapeutic agent for the prevention and treatment of skin photoaging.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.11
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• pp.4924-4931
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• 2011

This research performed to evaluate a production processes reporting by the HACCP system of green vegetable juice products, containing lactic acid bacteria, stage of processing raw materials agricultural products and production facilities of general bacteria and pathogenic micro organism. General bacteria are found from four samples of storage of agricultural products at process stage and water was detected 8.67~14.67 CFU/ml. However, all samples were detected less than 105 CFU/ml as a legal standards after the process of UV sterilization. For the outcome of experiment of E.coli, E.coli O157:H7, B.cereus, L.moonocytogenes, Salmonella spp, Staph.aureus as the food poisoning bacterial, E.coli was detected until UV pre-step process in storage process and B.cereus was detected partly till 1st washing. Since all bacterial, Yeast and Mold are detected in main materials, pre-control method is a necessary to establish for decreasing with a number of initial bacteria of main materials and it is considered to establish the effective ways of washing and sterilization such as production facilities for cross contamination prevention of bacteria and Sthaphylococcus. Based on above results, the process of UV sterilization should be managed with CCP as an important process to reduce or eliminate the general and food poisoning bacterial of green vegetable juice products, including lactic acid bacteria. Therefore, it is considered to need an exhaustive HACCP plan such as control manual of UV sterilization, solution method, verification, education and training and record management.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.117-121
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• 1987

The ozone-induced reactivation factor for ozonated or UV-irradiated T3 phage was determined in defferent bacterial strains of Escherichia coli B resistant of sensitive to ozone. Our results suggest that ozone is a weak, if any at all, inducer of the Weigle reactivation, one of the SOS functions. This is in agreement with other studies which have suggested that thes agent is probably a weak inducer of the SOS functions.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.1517-1527
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• 2020

This study is about the UV protection effect and water resistance of a multiple emulsion (W/O/W) sunblock cream applied with emotional engineering and reports an actual industrial case. Multiple emulsion system of sunblock cream has the characteristics of changing to a W/O type that is soft and moist when applied, and has excellent water resistance after absorption. Multiple emulsion cream is a highly functional sunblock cream that has both moisture and water resistance. It is a stable milky white cream with a viscosity of 36,000 cps. The organic sunscreen used for the sunscreen was ethylhexylmethoxycinnamate and bisethylhexyloxyphenolmethoxyphenyltriazine. Hexagonal zinc oxide and titanium dioxide that block both UVB and UVA were used. As a result of measuring the UV protection effect by the in-vitro method, the UV protection effect (SPF) is 78.9 for multiple emulsion cream, 76.7 for W/O cream, and 71.3 for O/W cream. It was found that the blocking effect was different. This obtained the highest effect value in the multiple emulsion. As a clinical (in-vivo) result of the UV protection effect, the SPF value representing the UV protection effect of the sunblock cream developed with a multiple emulsion system was 85.7, and the PA-value that blocks the UVA area was 26.5, and ++++. It was found that it has a corresponding high blocking effect. As a result of the water resistance test, the W/O/W formulation had a high waterproofing resistance of 93.8% even after 4 hours, W/O had 75.4%, and O/W had a low water resistance of 25.3%. In the results of the HUT test, it was found in the order of multiple emulsion sun block cream > hydrophilic cream > lipophilic cream. Based on the research results of this multiple emulsion, it is expected to be highly active as a sunblock cream dedicated to outdoor activities by improving the feeling of use, UV protection index, and water resistance. Therefore, in this study, a multiple emulsion system of sunblock cream is developed and has a characteristic that changes to a W/O type that has a soft and moist feeling when applied, and has excellent water resistance after absorption.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.33 no.1 s.60
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• pp.53-60
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• 2007

(6R)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin ($6-BH_4$) cofactor is essential for various process, and is present in probably every cell or tissue of higher organism. $6-BH_4$ is required lot various enzyme activities, and for less defined functions at the cellular level. And it is well known about the antioxidant effects as a non-protein compound. Recently, scientists proposed another roles for $6-BH_4$ in melanogenesis. $6-BH_4$ is a well known tyrosinase inhibitor. In this study, we found that methyl-$BH_4$ and $6-BH_4$ have antioxidant activities and inhibitory activity for melanin synthesis. These pterin compounds were not toxic in HaCaT and B16F10 cells and showed scavenging activity against DPPH radicals. We also showed that pterin compounds decreased protein levels of tyrosinase and TRP-1. In a clinical test, pterin compounds showed the significant skin whiteining effect after treatment for 3 weeks. Furthermore pterin compounds significantly suppressed the UVB-induced expression of $PGE_2$ and IL-6 genes induced UVB In HaCaT and inhibited UVB-induced melanogenesis in B16F10 cells. These results showed the effect of pterin compounds as a cosmeceutical ingredient.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.1204-1210
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• 2014

New control methods are proposed for indoor air quality by removing fine airborne dust-particles. As suspended fine dust-particles contain inorganic dust as well as fine organic bacteria, studies for simultaneous control of these contaminants are required. In this study, photocatalytic disinfection of indoor suspended microorganisms such as E. coli and Bacillus subtilis is performed by three types of photocatalysts with UVA irradiation. The UVA irradiation strength was controlled to the minimum $3{\mu}W/cm^2$, and ZnO, $TiO_2$, and ZnO/Laponite ball were used as the catalysts. The results indicate that E. coli was removed over 80 % after about 2 hours of reaction with UVA and all three types of photocatalysts, whereas only with UVA, around 50 % E. coli removal was obtained. Among the catalysts, ZnO/Laponite composite ball was found to have similar sterilizing capacity to $TiO_2$. However, in case of B. subtilis, which has thick cell wall in its spore state, disinfection was not effective under the low UVA irradiation condition, even with the catalysts. Further studies need to figure out the optimal UVA irradiation ranges as well as photocatalysts doses to control airborne dust, to provide healthy clean air environment.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.242-248
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• 2015

This study was performed to investigate the microbiological contamination on toothbrushes, toothbrush caps, and tooth cleaning cups in the child care centers and to evaluate the toxin genes, toxin production ability and antibiotic resistance of food-borne pathogens. The average number of total aerobic bacteria and fungi were 5.3 log CFU and 3.2 log CFU. Coliform bacteria were detected in 41 (54.7%) of 75 toothbrushes, 13 (44.8%) of 29 toothbrush caps, and 29 (44.6%) of 65 tooth cleaning cups. Salmonella spp. was not detected in all of samples but Bacillus cereus was isolated from 1 (1.3%) of 75 toothbrushes and 2 (3.1%) of 65 tooth cleaning cups. Staphylococcus aureus was detected in 1 (1.5%) of 65 tooth cleaning cups. The nheA, nheB, nheC, hblC, hblD, hblA and entFM toxin genes were possessed in B. cereus isolated from toothbrush which also produce NHE and HBL enterotoxins. S. aureus was resistant to ampicillin and penicillin, while B. cereus was resistant to ${\beta}-lactam$ antibiotics. These results indicated that the sanitary conditions of toothbrushes and tooth cleaning cups in the child care centers should be improved promptly. The UV sterilization after drying and then storage in dried condition is required to improve the sanitary condition of toothbrushes and tooth cleaning cups in the child care center.

• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.72-79
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• 1996

보리로부터 분리한 Fusarium sp. BYA-1균주의 감자한천배지 배양체로부터 여러 식물병원곰팡이에 길항력을 나타내는 세 개의 항생물질을 분리하였다. 추출한 세 개의 항생물질은 silica gel관 크로마토그래피와 분취 HPLC, 그리고 Phytolhthora capsici 검정을 이용하여 정제하였다. 이들 분리한 항생물질들을 동정하기 위하여 융점 결정, 자외선흡광법, 질량분석 및 핵자기공명법 등의 기기분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과, 세 개의 항진균성 항생물질들은 fusarielin A, enniatin B, 그리고 enniatin B\ulcorner으로 각각 동정되었다. 분리한 세 개의 물질 중 fusarielin A가 공시된 곰팡이에 가장 강한 항균활성을 나타내었으며, 최소저해농도는 40$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml이하였다. Fusarium속 균주가 구조적으로 다른 두 종류의 항진균성 항생물질인 fusarielin A와 enniatins을 동시에 생성한다는 것은 본 논문에서 처음으로 보고하는 것이다.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.104-111
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• 2013

Phellinus baumii is a medicinal mushroom used in Asian countries for a long period of time. The purpose of this study was to investigate the skin whitening activities of methanol extracts from fruiting bodies of P. baumii. To evaluate the antioxidant activities of the extract, polyphenol and flavonoid contents, and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity and chelating activity on ferrous ions were studied. For assay of skin whitening activities, tyrosinase and DOPA inhibitory activities, and tyrosinase and melanin synthesis inhibitory activities of B16/F10 melanoma cells treated with the methanol extract were investigated. The total polyphenol content of P. baumii methanol extract was 4.19. DPPH scavenging ability of P. baumii methanol extract was 88.26% in $25{\mu}g/mL$ concentration. We tested tyrosinase inhibitory activity and melanin contents in melanoma cells. The tyrosinase activity was inhibited to 65.17% at the concentration of $125{\mu}g/mL$ and melanin synthesis was inhibited to 57.61% at the concentration of $25{\mu}g/mL$. Overall, the experimental results showed that P. baumii methanol extract had inhibitory activities of tyrosinase and melanin synthesis by dose dependent manner in B16/F10 melanoma cells. Strong ultra-violet absorption spectra in the range of 270~370 nm indicated that ethanol extract of P. baumii could protect the skin from UV. Therefore, P. baumii methanol extract might be used for development of skin whitening, anti-UV and skin care agents.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.255-261
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• 2012

The skin is continuously exposed to environmental stresses. One of the most important stress factor is UV radiation. UV radiation causes a variety of biological effects on the skin, including inflammation, pigmentation, photoaging and cancer. Therefore in this study, we tried to search for skin-protective antioxidant materials from marine natural products (Porphyra Thalli, Laminariae japonicae thallus, Ostreae Concha, Sargassum Thallus, Undaria thallus, Haliotidis Concha, Agar, Codium thalli, Hizikia fusiforme thalli; HFE, Thalli) which exhibit protective activities against UVB-induced cytotoxicity and oxidative cell death and antiaging effects. As a results, UVB-induced cytotoxicity and cell death were effectively suppressed by treatment of Sargassum Thallus, Agar, Haliotidis Concha, Codium thalli, Thalli ethanol extracts. UVB-induced cell death was mediated by intracellular accumulation or ROS, which was significantly inhibited by treatment with marine natural products extracts. Also, The protective effect of these marine natural products seemed to be mediated by increased expression of type I collagen and Type I procollagen. These results suggest that marine natural products may have anti-aging effects new functional materials against oxidative stress-mediated skin damages.