• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2009.12a
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• pp.474-478
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• 2009

본 연구는 2008년 맞춤형 방문건강관리사업에 사용되고 있는 관절통증을 중심으로 한 사례관리를 수정 보안하여 우리나라 실정에 맞는 관절통증 사례관리 프로그램을 개발, 제안하며, 맞춤형 방문건강 관리사업의 활성화와 완성도를 높이는데 있다. 연구방법으로는 2007년 전국 12주 관절통증 사례관리 결과자료 분석하고, 전국 253개 보건소의 맞춤형 방문건강관리사업 인력에 대한 자료 분석과 전국 보건소 전문가 자문회의와 토론 결과를 통해 설문지를 수정 보완하여 2008년도 충청남도 관절통증 12주 사례관리를 실시하였다. 자료분석은 SPSS 12.0 통계 프로그램을 이용하여, p-value가 0.05 미만과 0.01미만인 경우를 통계적으로 유의한 것으로 판정하였으며, 전국자료는 빈도분석, wilcoxon 부호순위 검정과 McNemar's 검정을 실시하였으며, 12주의 관절통증 사례관리의 연구기간동안 수집된 자료를 1주와 8주간, 1주와 12주간, 8주와 12주간을 paired t-test 검정과 McNemar's 검정을 실시하여 유의성 평가를 실시하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 12주 기간 동안 사전 사례관리 방문간호사의 교육을 통한 사례관리 서비스의 강도의 조절 및 매주로 서비스의 횟수를 조절하여 사례관리를 실시한 결과 총 109개 항목에서 1주와 8주간에 유의한 항목은 TG(mg/dl)를 비롯한 51개 항목, 1주와 12주간에는 콜레스테롤(mg/dl)을 비롯한 53개 항목, 8주와 12주간에는 지난 48시간동안 관절통증 점수를 비롯한 3개 항목으로 유의한 차이를 볼 수 있었으며, 1주와 8주간은 유의하나 1주와 12주간은 유의하지 않게 나타나는 항목은 TG(mg/dl)를 비롯한 3개 항목, 1주와 8주간은 유의하지 않다가 1주와 12주간은 유의하게 나타나는 항목은 콜레스테롤(mg/dl)를 비롯한 6개 항목, 1주, 8주, 12주간의 모든 기간에서 유의한 항목은 지난 48 시간동안 관절통증 점수를 비롯한 3개 항목으로 조사되었다. 결론적으로 현재 우리나라에서 추진되고 있는 맞춤형 방문건강관리 사업의 사업지침에 대한 보완을 위해 관절통증사례관리 프로그램에 있어 중재 서비스 또는 프로그램의 기간은 12주간에서 8주간으로 조정 되어야 하며, 추가가 필요한 항목으로는 교육, 자기역량 강화, 운동처방, 물리치료, 약물치료, 대체요법, 식이, 영양, 생활지도 등이며, 어골도 분석을 위한 기본 틀 및 주요 구성요소를 제시 및 기여 요인 및 결정요인을 위한 논리적 모형 제시가 필요하며, 개선목표를 위한 유지증진 및 관리능력, 지기 관리 수행도 개선과 대상자별 맞춤형 사례관리를 위한 표준화된 행동 체크리스트 제작 보급 및 사례별 운동, 물리치료 지도 방법 계획 수립에 대한 인력 충원이 필요하다.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.88-97
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• 1994

A comparison was made between gastric cancer and gastritis patients regarding stress Perception and depression, using Global Assessment Recent Stress(GARS) scale and Beck Depression Inventory(BDI). 50% of gastric cancer patients and 38% of gastritis patients were found to be depressed on scores of BDI scale, respectively. There was no significant difference in scores of stress perception between both the groups. However, gastric cancer patients tended to be more depressed than gastritis patients, although the difference is statistically not significant. In the gastric cancer patients, severity of psychic distress showed significantly positive correlation with depression, whereas in the gastritis patients, severity of physical symptoms showed significantly positive correlation with depression. It suggested that depression of gastric cancer patients was more likely to be related to the extent of psychic distress than that of physical symptoms. In each of both the groups, female patients showed significantly higher stress perception than male patients, and age was found to have significantly negative correlation with stress perception. In conclusion, severity of pathology of the same organ was not related to extent of stress perception and of depression in which denial of gastric cancer patients might play a role. Thus, it is emphasized that psychosocial approach is more needed for gastric cancer patients than for gastritis patients.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.151-157
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• 1997

The relationship of stress and psychopathology with subjective or objective tinnitus intensity was investigated in 43 patients with tinnitus. Global assessment of recent stress scale, Beck depression inventory and symptom checklist-90-revision were used to measure stress perception and psychopathology. Subjective tinnitus intensity was assessed by subjective tinnitus severity inventory, whereas objective tinnitus intensity was assessed by tinnitogram. Scores of perceived stress related to interpersonal relationship and sickness or min had significantly positive correlation with subjective tinnitus intensity. In psychopathology, scores of somatization, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, phobia, paranoid ideation, psychoticism had significantly positive correlation with subjective tinnitus intensity. However, stress perception and psychopathology did not significantly correlate with objective tinnitus intensity. These findings suggest that tinnitus may be associated with stress perception and multiple psychopathology including anxiety and depression. Thus, it is emphasized that Psychosocial intervention as well as effective consultation-liasion activity is needed for evaluation and treatment of patients with tinnitus.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.105-119
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• 2001

Currently serious conflicts arose for the use of coastal area in Korea. However, there is no mediation program or mediators' activities for conflict resolution which are shown in the developed countries. Even though, the MOMAF(Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries) was established in 1997 and the Division of Coastal Zone Management under the Ministry took over the authority to establish ICM program and formulated the CZMA(Coastal Zone Management Act) in 1998 after understanding the seriousness of coastal degradation due to the importance of coastal zone management and the understanding of dispute resolution, it still lacks consistency among legislative power on the continuous policy for wise coastal use and management which results coastal conflicts. The objective of this study is to lay the evaluation criteria for the formalized objective evaluation among disputants of coastal conflicts for the better understanding and characterizing of coastal conflicts in Korea. In order to do so, this study has adopted the PCA(Principal Component Analysis) for the subtraction of the components of evaluation mechanism to describe the present conditions of conflicts in the selected study area(Sihwa lake), to analyze the problems, and then to explore alternative approaches for resolving the conflicts. As research methodologies, we have depended upon literature review and field survey methods. As field survey methods, we employed structured questionnaires for the various samples from the experts of research institutes, professors, representatives of NGOs and citizens. Survey results suggested that 5 representative elements comprising 35 detailed elements could be identified. Based on these results, this study was able to identify and classify the evaluation mechanism and help to resolve coastal conflicts in Korea.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.125-132
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• 2015

As for noise and vibration occurring due to construction near fish farms, engineering and the technical opinions of experts in different areas were excluded in calculating any damage. The victims tend to present only biological consulting-based opinions while construction companies tend to present information on general construction noise and vibration as they have little biological knowledge on fish. So, the National Environmental Dispute Medication Commission presented specific damage standard in 2009 through studies on standard in calculating compensation and damage assessment of farm-raised fish that were affected by noise and vibration. Currently, 140 dB re $1{\mu}Pa$ is accepted as damage standard of underwater noise in the country. This standard is the RMS value of continuous sounds for more than a second, not the impulsive sounds. To look up the data on existing studies, fish showed different reactions to underwater sounds according to the different kinds of fish such as ostariophysan or non-ostariophysan, and pinnipeds or non-pinnipeds. So, this study will present damage standards for impulsive sounds in consideration of the differences in the characteristics of the impulsive and continuous sounds.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.51
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• pp.5-28
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• 2002

The purpose of this paper is to examine the issues and the characteristics of the recent social security pension debate in the United States. For the purpose the transforming process from the funded system to the pay-as-you-go system in the 1930s, three alternatives of social security reform proposed by the Social Security Administration in 1996, and the other various alternatives proposed by the politicians, the business leaders and the scholars were analysed. While the alternatives were compared, the critical issues could be identified. The core issues were as follows. First, the individual accounts should be newly made or not? Second, who is the main administrator, government or private investment companies? Third, what is important, the inter-generational and the vertical income redistribution effect or the individual equity in social security pension system? Besides, the different positions of the social forces were also examined. The supporters of privatizing the social security pension, supporters of IA and PSA, prefer the value of equity, the effect of promoting savings, the private management of the social security funds, and the investment of the funds to the private capital markets. The supporters of pay-as-you-go system, supporters of MB, prefer the inter-generational and the vertical income redistribution effect of social security pension, and were convinced that fundamental changes of the systems are not necessary, and the insolvency problem could be overcome through a few reform, for example, increasing the rate and decreasing the benefits.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.43-54
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• 2021

This study focused on indoor spaces and convenience devices among vehicle interior designs suitable for the autonomous driving era, and presented an interior design model for future automobiles by applying the STEEP analysis method. The service design methodology is applied to deal with changes in display devices installed for the purpose of rearranging layouts and providing driver-centered information. Changes in types and installation locations of displays for various purposes such as connected and infotainment are expected. In particular, through this analysis, trends and experiences through indoor interior research in future self-driving cars will be studied, and subsequent studies will be used as basic data for actual development and application. Key drivers were extracted after deriving future trends linking the research project conducted in five stages to STEEP and consulting experts through FGI. Through this, it was later presented as a direction for indoor design. Through user-centered participatory design methods, emotional keyword derivation methods were used, summarized the derived drivers in five major trends in the future society, and each derived drivers were grouped to consider the relevant technology fields, and added elements to the autonomous driving level. This is an indoor ray viewed from the perspective of various social issues as well as personal tendencies in the future self-driving car industry.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.378-394
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• 2016

Purpose: Screening of preschool-age children for nutrition programs to improve dietary intake and behaviors requires cost-effective and easily administered validated assessment tools. The purpose of this study was to develop a parent/caregiver-administered instrument for measuring diet quality and behaviors of preschoolers as a nutrition quotient for preschoolers (NQ-P). Methods: Development of NQ-P was carried out in three steps: item generation, item reduction, and validation. The 24-h dietary record was selected as the gold standard reference tool. The 38 items of the NQ-P checklist were derived from a systematic literature review, expert in-depth interviews, statistical analysis of the fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data, and national nutrition policies and recommendations. Self-administered questionnaires were delivered to parents who recorded 24-h dietary intakes of 100 responders aged 3~5 yr. Pearson's correlation was used to measure the level of agreement between questionnaires. Item reduction was performed, and 20 items were selected based on survey results, expert reviews, and priorities of national nutrition policy and recommendations. The 412 nationwide subjects sampled through daycare centers completed the 20-item checklist questionnaire. The construct validity of the NQ-P was assessed using confirmatory factor analysis, LISREL. Results: After analyses of exploratory factors, NQ-P items identified three dimensions of diet (balance, moderation, and environment). The three-factor structure accounted for 49.28% of the total variance. Standardized path coefficients were used as weights of the items. The NQ-P and three-factor scores of the subjects were calculated by the obtained weights of the questionnaire items. Conclusion: A food behavior checklist for preschoolers' NQ would be a useful and suitable instrument for evaluating nutrition adequacy and dietary quality of Korean preschoolers.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.569-589
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• 2008

One of the main factors that affect the improvement of G/T education is the number and the level of quality of the professionals who are working for the gifted. The professionals vary depending on the role they play for the gifted from the classroom teacher, coordinator, to consultant. Since the legislation of the law for the enhancement of the gifted education in Korea, the in-service training for the classroom teacher has been expanded in number throughout the country. Nowadays, the gifted education is about to be expanded into the general school population, and it becomes more necessary that the training at the level of university graduate program be expanded beyond the short-term in-service training so far. In this vein, the number of universities in Korea that offer the staff development for the gifted education at the graduate level has been increased. However, the problem is whether those programs meet the need to produce the quality professionals. Based on this problem awareness, the study analyzed the graduate programs of 8 universities in Korea by comparing their course descriptions with the graduate-level training program standards of the United States and Europe. It was found that most of the universities fulfilled the areas that both standards commonly consider import, such as "concept and development of giftedness", "curriculum development for the gifted", "teaching methods for the gifted." However, the number of the offered subjects was different among the universities, which indicates that it is suspicious that the universities equally satisfy the areas both standards require. Furthermore, it was also found that the universities differ in satisfying the other standards, From these findings, several suggestions were made for the improvement of the university graduate programs in Korea.

• Proceedings of The Korean Society of Health Promotion Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.17-58
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• 2004

뉴저지주 보건교육/건강 증진정책을 논하기전에 건강증진과 보건 교육사의 뜻을 먼저 기술하기로 한다. 건강증진이란 일상 사회생활과 행동과학의 응용에서 시작하며 교육의 효율적 작전 및 기술, 질병 역학 조사, 개인 및 가족단위 건강 위해 행위 절감, 사회연관 구축망 조성, 그리고 적게는 이웃, 더 나아가 조직체계 및 지역 사회의 네트웍 실시등을 실시한다. 보건교육 및 건강증진 전문가란 ' 전국 보건교육 인증 위원회(NCHEC) ' 에서 채택된 다음 7개 활동 영역에서 개인적, 그룹, 각주단위, 그리고 범 국가적 조직에서 종사하는자로 한다. 개인 및 지역사회 보건 교육 필요성 분석- 계회, 실행, 효율성 평가, 사업 진행 조정, 자문, 컴뮤니케이션 등의 활동범위를 들 수 있다. 공인 보건 교육사(CHES)란 대학 및 대학원에서 보건 교육학 소정의 필수 과목을 이수하고 학.석사 소지자로서 ' 전국 보건 교육 인증 위원회 ' 에서 그 자격을 인정 받고 공인 자격 시험에 합격한자로 한다. 합격자는 자기 성명뒤에 CHES란 칭호를 부치며 매 5년마다 75단위이상 인정된 전문 직업 보수 교육을 받아야 한다. 보건 교육사 고용 분야는 연방, 주, 지방 정부의 보건 교육사(10-15%) 및 건강 증진 전문가로 종사하며; 이들은 지역 사회 조직화, 프로그람 기획, 공공사업 마켓팅, 메디아, 컴뮤니케이션 자질을 갓추어야 하며; 상해 예방, 학교 보건, 지역 사회 영양 실태 향상, 그 외 모든 건강 증진과 질병 예방에 일익을 담당 하여; 의사, 간호사, 약사, 영양사,환경 위생사드의 전문분야종사자들괴 한팀이 되어 지역 사회 보건 사업에 기여한다. 쥬저지 보건 교육사들은 주법령 8조 '||'&'||' 보건행정 표준 시행령 ' 에 따라 포괄적 보건교육/건강증진 프로그램을 개발하여 총체적으로 조절 관장한다. 특희 ' 미국 학술원 의료 연구원 ' 에서 제정한 ' 10대 필수 공중 보건 사업 ' 에 기준을 두고; 1) 개인 및 지역사회 필수 보건 여건 분석 평가, 2) 보건 교육 이론에 따른 사업 계획 설정, 3) 교육 전략과 보건문제 발굴에 따라 일반 대중 대상 보건 교육 실행 (프로그람 기획, 연수 교육, 미디어 캠페인, 공중보건 향상책 옹호), 4) 사업 진행 과정 정리, 그 결과에 대한 영향력과 결과 평가, 5) 프로그램진행, 인사 및 예산관리 참여, 6) 근무향상을 위한 보수교육 프로그램 개발, 7) 보건 의료 업무 종사자 상호 협조성 향상 훈련, 8) 지역 사회자원 밭굴, 9) 적절한 고객 의뢰 체제 시행, 10) 위기 관리 컴뮤니케이션 체제 개발실시, 11) 일반 대중에게 공중 보건 향상 고취, 12) 각종 협력 지원금 신청서 작성 제출, 13) 문화/인종적으로 적절한 시청각 교재 발굴, 15) 질적 및 양적 보건교육/건겅증진책 연구 실시, 16) 비 보험 가담자, 저 보험자, 빈곤자, 이민자 색출 선도, 17) 관활 구역내 상재하는 각 건강증진 프로그램 밝혀 내서 불필요한 중복 회피등이다. 그 외에도 보건 교육사들은 사회 복지 단체인 미국 암 협회, 미국 심장 협회,미국 폐장 협회 등 각종 사회 복지 비영리단체 와 자선 사업 단체들과 긴밀희 협조하거나 그 단체 임직원으로서 건강 증진 사업에 종사한다. 병원 및 의료기관에선 임직원 보수 교육, 환자의 질병 예방및 건강증진 교육, 그리고 의료 사업장내 건장 증진업무에 종사한다. 건강 유지 의료 기관(HMO)에선 예방주사, 정기검진 촉진등을 통한 입원일수 절감, 응급실 사용도 절감등으로 의료비 감축, 삶의질 향상상에 종사한다. 사업장 보건 교육사는 스트레스 관리, 금연 및 흡연 중단선도, 체중 절감, 종업원 건강증진 생활화참여 유치, 컴뮤니케이션 개발, 마켓팅, 질병 예방등에 그 전문 직업적 노하우를 사업체 건강 증진 프로그램 개발에 접목한다. 뉴저지 2010년대 건강 증진책은 5대 목표 설정하여 현재 시행하고 있다. 특이한점은 2001년 9.11사태 이후 연방정부와 주정부의 상당한 예산 지원을 그랜트 지원금 형식으로 받아 연방, 주정부, 지방 정부, 의료 기관등에서 일사 불란하게 생물/화학/방사성 테러에 대비하는데 보건 교육사들은 시민 인지도 향상과 위기관리 컴뮤니케이션 영역에서 활약한다. 총체적인 보건 교육/건강 증진책은 다음 천년간 뉴저지 건강증진 백서와 미연방 정부 건강증진 2010에 준하여 설립한 뉴저지 건강 증진 2010 에 의한다. 그 모델을 보면; 1) 생활 습관 향상으로 위해 행위 절제; 적절한 영양 섭취 와 과체중화 차단 불필요한 투약 절제와 그 관리 흡연 탐익 절감, 금연, 흡연관련 신체/정신적 피해 관리/치료 습관성 약물 중독 조기발견 예방 낙상 예방 폭력, 의도적/비의도적 상해 예방 2) 심장질환, 암, 뇌졸중, 당뇨, 폐염, 인프루엔자등 주사망원인 질병 조기 발견 예방 책 마련; 독감.폐렴 예방 주사 실시 3) 보건 교육 대상과 표적 설정 특히 보건사업 참여 동반자 발굴하여 그 동참과 책임분담 책려; 주. 지방 정부기관, 의료 종사자, 의료 보험 업자, 대학 등 교육 기관, 연구 기관, 교육자, 지방 보건소, 지역 사회 비 영리단체, 종교 단체 및 교역자 등의 참여 촉구., 지역 사회 비 영리단체, 종교 단체 및 교역자 등의 참여 촉구.