• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.1025-1030
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• 2019

This paper describes SON(: Self Organization Network) technology in LTE networks. The SON is a unique feature of LTE compared to previous cellular systems such as UMTS and GSM, and it is a tool that effectively derives the best performance in the time-varying wireless radio environment. Also, the SON has the ability for the operator to automate the setting of the network, allowing for centralized planning and reducing the need for manual work. The SON is largely divided into three categories: Self-Configuration, Self-Optimization, and Self-Healing. Each large categories has a detailed description of technology, and the technologies in each categories are gathered to complete the technology called the SON. In this paper, we focus on MRO which is one of the Self-Optimization technique in each of the three categories.

• Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association
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• v.56 no.1
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• pp.14-25
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• 2021

Several factors need to be considered for a successful anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, such as preoperative planning, operation technique, and postoperative rehabilitation. Graft choice, fixation, preparation method, maturation, incorporation to host bone, and graft tension should also be considered to achieve a good outcome after an ACL reconstruction. Factors to consider when selecting a graft are the graft strength, graft fixation, fixation site healing, and donor site morbidity, as well as the effects of initial strength, size, surface area, and origin of the graft on its potential for weakening during healing. There are two types of graft for an ACL reconstruction, autograft or allograft. Several autografts have been introduced, including the bone-patellar tendon-bone, hamstring tendon, and quadriceps tendon-bone. On the other hand, each has its advantages and disadvantages. The recent increased use of allografts for an ACL reconstruction is the lack of donor site morbidity, decreased surgical time, diminished postoperative pain, and good availability of source. Despite this, there are no reports suggesting that an allograft may have a better long-term outcome than an autograft. Allografts have inherent disadvantages, including a longer and less complete course of incorporation, remodeling, biomechanically inferiority to autograft, the potential risk of an immunogenic reaction and disease transmission. Higher long-term failure rates and poorer graft maturation scores were reported for allografts compared to autografts. An autograft in an ACL reconstruction should remain the gold standard, although the allograft is a reasonable alternative. If adequate length and diameter of autograft can be obtained for an ACL reconstruction, an autograft with adequate graft fixation and postoperative rehabilitation should be chosen instead of an allograft to achieve better results.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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• v.12A no.5 s.95
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• pp.395-404
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• 2005

There have been large concerns about survivability defined as the capability of a system to perform a mission-critical role, in a timely manner, in the presence of attacks, failures. In particular, One of the most important core technologies required for the design of the ITS(Intrusion Tolerance System) that performs continuously minimal essential services even when the computer system is partially compromised because of intrusions is the survivability one of In included the dependability analysis of a reliability and availability etc. quantitative dependability analysis of the In. In this Paper, we applied self-healing mechanism utilizing two factors of self-healing mechanism (fault model and system response), the core technology of autonomic computing to secure the protection power of the ITS and consisted of a state transition diagram of the ITS composed of a primary server and a backup server. We also defined the survivability, availability, and downtime cost of the ITS, and then performed studies on simulation experiments and two cases of vulnerability attack. Simulation results show that intrusion tolerance capability at the initial state is more important than coping capability at the attack state in terms of the dependability enhancement.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.58-74
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• 1983

요꼬가와흡충을 수감염시켰을 태의 탕병증을 관찰하고자 은어로부터 분리한 피예유충을 모두 20마리의 개를 복용하여 인공감염 실험을 실시하였다. 이들 개를 대조군, 감염군, 재감염군으로 나눈 다음 18마리의 개에 10,000개씩 피설유충을 일차감염시켜 그중 5마리는 5일, 1주, 4주 및 6주에 도살하였으며 9주후에 다시 5,000개의 피예유충을 먹인 재감락수의 개 13마리는 1일, 3일, 5일, 1주, 2주, 4주, 6주 및 8주에 각각 도살하였다. 일차감염군과 재감염군에 있어서 충체회수률과 분포를 관찰하였다. 또한 이들 사병변의 소견을 호오적, 광학현미경 및 주사현미경적으로 관찰하였다. 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 충체회수률은 일차감염군에서 19.8%∼37.8%로 평균 충체회수률은 28.9%이었다. 한편 재감염상의 1일, 3일 및 5일에서의 미성숙 충체회수률은 6.3%∼16.3%로 평균 충체회수률은 12.9%이었으며, 성숙 충체회수률은 21.4%∼26.2%로 평균 충체회수률은 23.6%로 나타나 미성숙충체와 성숙충체 회수률의 비는 1 : 1.83이었다. 충체의 기생부위는 일차감염군에서 십이지장, 공장 및 회장상부에 한정되었으나 재감염군에서는 회장하부까지 연장되었다. 2. 상한적 병리소견으로 장관의 확장, 가로주름의 소실, 개수상의 장내용물, 장막림프절 및 Peyer씨 림프조직의 고대가 일차감영군의 5일 및 1주에 나타났으나 4주후에는 거의 소실되었다. 재감염군에서도 이들 소견이 초기에 나타났으나 일차감염군과 비교하면 그 소견이 농징하였으며 2주후에는 소실되었다. 3. 현징경적 병리소견으로 초기의 병변은 소정막에 국한되었으며 선와상피의 비후를 동반한 융모위축과 기질와 변화, 염증세계침윤 및 부종형성이 관찰되었다. 한편 재감염군에 있어서 정막 특히 섬모의 변화는 일차감염군과 비교할 때 그 소견이 경미하였다. 4. 주사현미경적으로 일차감염군에 있어서 섬모위축이 재확인되었으며 융모사이에서 충체를 발견할 수 있었다. 6주후에는 섬모가 거의 정상상태로 회복되었다. 그러나 재감량변에서 융모변화는 그 정도가 심하지 않았다. 이상의 결과에서 소위 자가치유 또는 자연치유 현상은 개의 요꼬가와흡충의 일차감염군과 재감염군에서 나타나지 않았다. 장병변의 경시적 관찰을 통하여 숙주면역은 요점막 회복에 관여하는 것 같았으며 특히 미성숙충체의 Lieberkiihn씨 선준 침입이 융모의 병적 변화에 일차적 원인일 것으로 추측하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2022.11a
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• pp.241-242
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• 2022

Recently, related studies on the application of bacterial spores to self-healing concrete have been widely reported. Using the self-healing method of bacterial spores as a kind of pro-environment, the green method is very attractive, but because the living environment of bacterial spores is relatively harsh, it is necessary to have a way to separate the living environment of bacterial spores from the harsh external environment, And release bacterial spores when needed. Therefore, capsules are widely used in self-healing concrete. To enhance the self-healing effect, the capsules need to be evenly distributed in the concrete. Furthermore, we develop a CIP-based smart capsule with controllability. We determined the magnetic force of each capsule by mixing CIP in resin, then mass-fabricating the capsules for self-healing by a microfluidic method, and by measuring the kinetic distance of the capsules containing different amounts of cip under the action of a magnetic field strength. The results show that with the increase of the amount of cip, the active distance of the capsule also increases. When the cip is 8wt%, the active distance reaches 1.75cm. We believe this research can provide momentum for the development of self-healing capsule applications.

• Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.18-26
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• 2011

Purpose: This study is to compare the clinical results of ACL reconstruction between three groups using hamstring tendon autograft, mixed and tibialis tendon allograft. Materials and Methods: Between August 2003 and August 2008, we analyzed 169 cases of ACL reconstruction, 66 cases used hamstring tendon autograft, 42 cases used mixed graft and 61 cases used tibialis tendon allograft, with a minimum follow-up of 12 months. For the clinical evaluation, we evaluated the Lysholm score, Telos stress test device and IKDC score. Results: The average side to side difference in Telos stress test decreased from $7.5{\pm}1.0$ mm to $1.6{\pm}1.0$ mm in autograft group, from $7.6{\pm}1.1$ mm to $1.4{\pm}1.1$ mm in mixed graft group and from $7.4{\pm}1.3$ mm to $2.5{\pm}1.3$ mm in allograft group. The average Lysholm knee score improved from 58.6 to 92.3 in autograft group, from 60.6 to 92.6 in mixed graft group and from 55.3 to 91.5 in allograft group. There was no significant difference between three groups in clinical results. At second look arthroscopy, tension of ligament and synovial coverage were good result in autograft and mixed graft than allograft group. Conclusion: All hamstring tendon autograft, mixed graft and tibialis tendon allograft groups showed satisfactory clinical results, with no significant difference in outcomes between the groups. Both hamstring tendon autograft and mixed graft showed good synovial coverage in second look arthroscopy. So mixed graft will be considered as good alternative in case of shorter or thin harvested hamstring tendon.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.893-900
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• 2019

This paper deals with the analysis of SON (Self Organization Network) technology in LTE networks. SON is a unique LTE feature compared to previous cellular systems UMTS and GSM, and is a cost-effective tool for achieving the best performance in a changing environment. In addition, SON has the function of automating the settings of the network, enabling centralized planning and reducing the need for manual tasks. SON is largely divided into three categories: Self-Configuration, Self-Optimization, and Self-Healing. Each large category has a detailed description, and all the technologies in each category come together to complete the technology called SON. In this paper, we analyzed intensively about ANR among the techniques of Self-Configuration in each of the three categories.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.165-184
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• 2016

Generally, Bibliotherapy is aimed to cure the emotional or psychological wounds by using books for common users as self-treatment. But, Bibliotherapy for disabled people is carried out by alternative formats instead of a book. In library for the disabled, it is developing various bibliotherapy programs, but not yet activated. In order to carry out bibliotherapy, it is necessary to improve the bibliotherapy catalog preferentially. However, most Bibliotherapy catalogs are created for the common users, not for disabled people specially. How to make the special catalog for disabled people and catalog of alternative formats according to pathological symptom or situation is still a big problem. Basing on this premise, the author examined the necessity of bibliotherapy catalog for disabled people, and the present situation of alternative materials for the bibliotherapy. And then, the author proposes plans of bibliotherapy for how to build the bibliotherapy for disabled people.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.232-240
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• 2013

Microcapsules having healing agent were prepared in which 2,6-dimethylphenol (DMP) as a healing agent forms the core and melamine/formaldehyde resin forms the shell. Microcapsule-contained asphalts showed better mechanical properties than non-contained ones. And as the rest time passed the impact strength of microcapsule-contained asphalt was getting higher than that of asphalt without the microcapsule. As the rest time of 15 days passed, the original strength was restored. This tells that microcapsule-contained asphalt had the ability of self-healing. X-ray photos proved that DMP on asphalt fracture surface, which were burst out of the microcapsules when cracks occurred on asphalt, were polymerized to polyphenyleneoxide and this PPO covered the crack and healed the damage.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.654-659
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• 2007

We performed sinus bone graft using some amount of autogenous bone and $BioOss^{(R)}$ and covered the sinus window with $Ossix^{(R)}$ membrane in these case series. After 4 to 6 months after operation, histopathologic examinations of trephine core biopsy showed following results. 1. There were bone density of 39.2% to 41.2% four months after operation, and we could observe the favorable early new bone formation. 2. Active bony remodeling of woven and lamellar bone was observed during 4 to 6 months healing period. 3. There were no significant differences between two groups. And also there were no significant differences between 4 months and 6 months.