• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.61-77
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• 2011

This study focused on relevant rock names related to Sinsun(神仙) which had been settled as Taoist traces were combined with places. While interpreting major features of Sundoism relevant rocks, it also discussed types and places of rocks reflected in their names by considering distinct characteristics of landscape characters that ancestors viewed through the rocks or on the rocks. Conclusion of this study is summarized as follows. 1. Among the rock names related to Sinsun, the most frequently discovered one was Sinsunbawi(52) and followed by Sinsunbong(神仙峰: 38), Sinsundae(神仙臺: 31). Other than these, there were Gangsundae(降仙臺: 12), Sunyoodae (仙遊臺: 10) and Sasundae(四仙臺: 5). 2. In the name of Sinsundae, 'Dae(臺)' ascertains that it was located in greatly superb place in the aspects of viewpoint and appreciation where landscape superiority and overlook scenery were fair and outstanding. 3. Sinsunbong was named for a peak of mountain. At the same time, it implied a notion of worship with images of 'merging with sky' or 'looking up.' Most of time, Sinsunbong indicated the tallest rock in the mountain chain. 4. A significant number of Sinsunbong had names where legends of Sinsun's Go game or descent were originated from. It shows that 'Sinsun(仙) and Go game' used to be very important motives for folk etymology of Sinsun related rocks. Along with the Sinsundae, a number of Sinsunbawi were also turned out to exist in land and ocean with excellent marine view. 5. According to analysis of their altitudes and heights of the peaks where the rocks belong to, Sinsunbong, Sinsundae and Sinsunbawi were in order. It might indicate that the rocks were located on top of mountain or that Sinsunbong represented the mountain itself. Compared to this, Sinsundae was located in where distant panoramic views were overlooked. It was not necessarily to be in peak but in where with a great view like Taoist world. On the other hand, Sinsunbawi was located in where has fine scenery and great valley not so far from villages, which proved its name had been influenced by place feature not altitude. 6. Feature of rock with Sinsun related name is to comprise visual stability of worship object with close linkage to attitude of worshiper. Considering its deep connection with communicative method of worship object and worshiper, seemingly it was main factor to lead folk etymology of rocks with Sinsun related names. 7. Rock is an object with the greatest implication of Sinsun imagination and Sinsun rocks show most clearly the fact that Taoism, which used to be considered as inaccessible, had been actualized in a visual and realistic manner with the change of time.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.85-102
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• 1998

The Changing Characteristics of Office Location in Central Seoul In recent years, central Seoul has been experiencing a dynamic transformation. In the process of reorganization of urban industrial structure including tertiarization and quaternarization of the economic base of Seoul, business services are growing very rapidly and large scale urban renewal projects are agilely implemented. Downtown office activities become a nucleus for economic performance of Seoul and high-rise office buildings steer the landscape transformation of central Seoul. Even though there appear to exist some evidences that office districts have dispersed to several subcenters, major office activities are still concentrated in the central Seoul. This paper redefines office industry in a narrow meaning comprising only relevant economic sectors and office buildings as office activity-functioning units. It then explores the industrial networking and territorial specialization of office activities focusing on the dual process of concentration and dispersion in Seoul. The changing characteristics of the downtown linkages of office activities in this post-industrial era transforms the spatial economy of central Seoul into more flexible and volatile, while territorial concentration of power and control functions are fortified at the same time. Finally, the paper addresses the development of manufacturing-tertiary-quaternary industrial complex, which can be regarded as new industrial clusters, selling cultural economy of urban space and possessing placeness or images for clients and customers, in relation to urban competitiveness and territorial specialization of large metropolitan areas.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.1-22
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• 2001

The object of this research is to explain types and factors of locations and regional linkages of manufacturing firms in rural areas using Eumsung County as a case of rural areas. Eumsung County is now vigorously industrializing owing to the government policy dispersing factories in the Capital region. The results of the survey conducted on industrial firms in Eumsung County through questionnaires reveal that individual sites are dominantly preferred by factory owners in comparison to the designated industrial complexes because the former is cheaper in land price. The main factors of industrial location in Eumsung County are cheap land cost, convenient highway accessibility, and the dispersion policy of the Capital region. In terms of the regional linkage, the proportion of the linkage with other regions is larger than that within the local region in case of purchasing raw materials, but the linkage with other regions is lower than that within the local regions in case of selling products. Also most white collar employees in Eumsung County were revealed to reside in and around the Capital region. In order to develop and maintain industrial firms in rural areas so as to avoid "dependency development," efforts for improving of the linkages between the local firms and expanding of social overhead capital are necessary.necessary.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.95 no.4
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• pp.443-452
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• 2006

This study was conducted to investigate the site and growth characteristics of Mackia amurensis stand in natural forest of Mt. Joongwang, Pyongchang-Gun, Gangwon-Do, Korea. The 28 sample plots ($30m{\times}30m$) were established to examine the vegetation and site characteristics for M. amurensis stand. Stem analysis was performed on two sample trees for each of the 5 plots situated at intervals of 100 m by altitude. M. amurensis trees were mainly distributed at the ridge and the slope facing north, with altitudes ranging from 790 to 1,170 m. The M. amurensis grew at relatively deep A-layer of soil with high moisture but infertile. Dominant species with M. amurensis were Quercus mongolica, Fraxinus rhynchophylla, Acer pseudo-sieboldianum, A. pictum subsp. mono, Ulmus davidiana var., japonica, Tilia amurensis, and Populus davidiana. TWINSPAN classified four communities in Mt. Joongwang area; M. amurensis-P. davidiana community (xeric type), M. amurensis-U. davidiana var. japonica community (xeric type), M. amurensis-T. amurensis community (moist type), and M. amurensis-Styrax obassia community (moist type). According to the community type, trees per ha were more abundant in the area of the moist types than the xeric types. Height growth of M. amurensis increased with increasing ages until 10 years, and then decreased thereafter, especially at altitude of 1,020m. M. amurensis showed rapid early growth of height and volume, indicating possible high biomass production under enough light. Growth of M. amurensis increased greatly at about 40 years if released from severe competitions. The rotation age of natural M. amurensis stand was expected for above 50 years.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.69-77
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• 2015

In Korea, local governments have decided the location of shelters as part of their disaster planning. However, no quantitative standards, such as assuming different hazard and shelter types, shelters' capacity, are specified in that planning. To propose the direction of disaster evacuation policy, first of all, the current state of shelters' location and evacuation area is needed to be analyzed. In addition, considering topographical condition such as road slope and physical strength by age are important factors to measure optimal evacuation route. The purpose is to suggest a new methodology of estimating optimal evacuation route considering resistance of road slope and difference of walking speed by age. Moreover, as a case study of Seoul, Korea, using coverage analysis of GIS analysis tool, the accessible area (or vulnerable area) to the shelters is evaluated based on the spatial distribution of disaster evacuation shelters and their accommodation capacity, according to evacuation time within 7.5, 15 and 30 minutes. The main results are summarized as follows: 1) The average area of disaster evacuation shelter per person is calculated as 0.45 square meters. Considering that the minimum shelters' area per person is 1 square meters, only 45% of people in Seoul can be accommodated. 2) The ratio of inhabitants who live in accessible area within 7.5 minutes presents only 33% of all. Furthermore, the ratio of inhabitants by age group of 5~9 or over 65 years old shows significantly lower percentage in comparison with 15~49 years old people.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.197-202
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• 2017

In this study, the current status of the South Korean performance facilities was analyzed, and then the key tasks for the improvement of such facilities were identified. The study results show that the country's performance facilities are disproportionately concentrated in the Seoul region whereas the lack of performance facilities per unit area in the other regional provinces considerably lowers the accessibility of such facilities to the local residents. As part of the measures to solve such problems, this study proposed the development of a system that would enable the optimal placement of such performance facilities. It also proposed the development of another system that can simulate and suggest an optimal performance type for a given region because the ultimate goal of this study was to raise the utilization rate and financial self-reliance of the performance facilities in South Korea.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.32 no.5D
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• pp.519-525
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• 2012

This study suggests 3 different elements to develop a rail station-influenced area effectively. Above all, several typical models of TOD (Transit Oriented Development)are suggested. They consider the land use types around a rail station, characteristics of a rail station whether it serves a single line or multiple lines. a method of developing a rail station-influenced area. Secondly, the optimal level of service is suggested for connection facility and access modes. Finally, the allocation criteria of on-and-off facility to provide convenient transfer activity.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.14 no.2 s.49
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• pp.128-134
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• 2005

This dissertation is about a study on the space planning of take-out coffee shops grouped by type. The classification is based primarily on stand-alone shop, which runs independently, and shop in shop, located inside of another shop with different industry. And its subdivision is characterize by 3 types: Combination type has not only space to enjoy coffee as we can usually see in conventional coffee shops, but also a counter where take-out coffee is served. Separation type has space for drinking coffee and an external booth for easy buy. Booth type is a booth itself or driving (cruising) booth. In conclusion, some take-out coffee shop are exampled and space analysis is made with analytic tools, such as people of preference, location evaluation, functional space division, dimension per person, and planning of traffic line.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.12-28
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• 1992

본 연구는 미국의 Huron-Clinton 대구시의 공원체계의 공간적 특 성의 구명을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위하여 다음과 같은 인자들을 분석한다. 첫째 13개의 지역공원으로 구성되어 있는 Huron-Clinton 대구시 공원체계 의 전체의 구성적 특성을 파악하기 위하여 본 공원체계의 입지의 지역공간 적, 생태적 인자를 분석한다. 둘째, 공원체계를 구성하는 각 공원의 개별적 특성을 알아내기 위해 각 공원내의 시설의 유형, 크기, 다양성을 분석한다. 셋째, 본 연구대상지역의 인구의 특성을 분석한다. 넷째, 인구의 특성과 공 원체계의 공간적 특성을 상호대조 함으로써 그 지역의 인구와 공원체계간 의 관계를 분석한다. 분석결과를 25인 조경전문가를 통해 평가함으로써 향 후 대도시 공원체계의 계획과 개발이 지향해야 할 방향의 설정과 구성의 합리적 지표를 설정한다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.34-46
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• 2009

and to provide (case example-focused) guidelines for environment-friendly oriented plans. Key findings of this study are as follows : first, a total of 2,465 development projects covering $173km^2$ were undertaken in Gyeonggi province in last three years. Second, based on the analysis of 16 development projects in four types, about 20 alternative environment-friendly location were suggested. Thirdly, 56 environment-friendly criteria were suggested for the environmental assessment items by setting at least three alternatives. Going forward, if discussion case examples by project type, environment-friendly location criteria by project type, and environment friendly review criteria by assessment item suggested in this study are fully utilized when initiating or approving various development projects in the future, environment-friendliness will be enhanced in development projects.