• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.17 no.11
• /
• pp.225-232
• /
• 2019

This study proposes a temporary residential prefab modular structure to provide residential space to displaced people after a disaster. Patent cases related to prefab structures are collected for related design implementations, and classified. Space in temporary residential prefab modular structures must consider factors such as "Expandability", "Assembly and Disassembly", "Built-in Structure", and "Energy Efficiency", and the cases are classified into "Detailed Assembly Modular Type", "Modular Expandable Type", and "Space Unit Expandable Type". Overseas patents cases will be collected and analyzed in future studies for providing the efficient way for mass production for the lowest production cost.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
• /
• v.13 no.4
• /
• pp.519-528
• /
• 2017

Even in South Korea, disaster victims are suffering from various disasters such as floods, earthquakes, landslides, fires, and most of them have evacuated to temporary housing facilities for disaster victims. However, there are few plans for the placement and performance of indoor temporary housing facilities provided to secure private space in temporary housing facilities for disaster victims. In order to improve the living environment in the temporary housing facility of the victim, we constructed a module of minimum temporary accommodation area per person of 3.3 square meters, designated by the MPSS, and are proceeding with the module arrangement plan, Presented the evaluation direction of the form, material and performance of the indoor temporary housing facility.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.18 no.11
• /
• pp.207-214
• /
• 2020

This study analyzes the method for easily constructing a simple space in various environments. It also analyzes cases of modular prefab construction structures and explores various solutions and development directions that can form temporary residential spaces. This research intends to propose the diverse methods and solutions for constructing residential space for users' stable living environment in various unpredictable situations. This study amis to collect and analyze cases of various foreign patents related to the subject. With the analysis on the patents case, the prefab structures are mainly grouped into 4 types of 1) Assembly method using small parts, 2) Prefab module stacking method, 3) Space expansion method, and 4) Production methods of detailed elements. Based on the results, future research will inquire the lower cost and more efficient way of constructing prefab structure.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.301-311
• /
• 2019

Purpose and Method: In this study, a questionnaire interview survey was conducted for the victims living in the temporary house by the Pohang earthquake, and improvements were derived. Results: As a result, major improvements in terms of facilities are as follows. First, in order to expand the toilet and cooking space, the existing inner gate and the wall are removed and the width of the toilet is expanded. Minimize the inconvenience by adding a cooking table as wide as the extended toilet. Second, a separate sleep compartment is set up to secure storage space in a limited area. And the storage closet is installed below and used as a storage space. At this time, the size of the sleeping space is set to double bed size. Third, curtains and blinds are installed on both windows to secure privacy, thereby protecting privacy and psychological stability. Conclusion: If the remodeling of the temporary house proposed in this study is utilized and applied, it is possible to provide a better living environment. In addition, it is expected that it will be possible to improve the efficiency of space and overcome existing spatial limitations by minimizing inconveniences reflecting the needs of the victims.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.21 no.5
• /
• pp.877-888
• /
• 2021

This study used three types of temporary shelters, tents, and prefabricated houses provided by the Chinese government for victims after the Wenchuan earthquake in 2008 as case study objects. Through literature review, 12 evaluation items were selected from the social, economic, and environmental elements of the sustainability of residential space design to analyze and evaluate three types of temporary shelters, and derive their respective characteristics and problems. The analysis results show that the temporary centralized settlements and tents had problems such as imperfect infrastructure, poor sanitation, narrow living space, no personal space, and inconvenience in life. Prefabricated houses had problems such as high construction costs, non-environmentally friendly building materials, occupation of arable land, low recycling rate of materials, and environmental pollution by waste. The common problem of the three types of shelters was that the government took the lead in the construction and distribution of shelters, and the disaster victims passively accept government support. Therefore, disaster victims were not actively involved in the construction and management of temporary communities. Secondly, the designs of all three types of temporary shelters did not fully consider the psychological needs of the victims, especially the need for safe and hygienic personal space. Finally, this research proposes improvement plans for the problems in the sustainable design of three temporary shelters and the construction and management of temporary communities.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.21-28
• /
• 2012

The artillery fire accident in Yeonpyeong Island showed that the man-made disaster caused by the domestic political conditions as well as the conventional natural disaster can occur in Korea. Especially, it can be known that the whole community can be abandoned despite of a small scale of practical damage in residential district and the resulting large scale of refugees can be produced in the nation. This study investigated the real condition of temporary housing which has been provided at the Island. Firstly, in the theoretical review based on the literature study, the content on the background of temporary housing, the providing procedure of its concept, the status of supply, etc. has been considered. And it researched the current condition of the entire temporary housing through the questionnaire and interviews targeting the residents in the Island. So it purposed to make use of the results as a plan and design for future temporary housing against disaster.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.270-279
• /
• 2002

1997년 IMF 경제위기 이후 한국사회의 뚜렷한 변화의 하나는 빈부격차의 확대와 함께 사회계층의 양극화가 진행되고 있다는 점이다. 이 논문의 목적은 사회적 양극화의 주요 원인은 무엇이며, 사회적 양극화가 공간적으로는 어떻게 나타나는가를 서울을 사례로 하여 규명하는 데 있다. 서구 선진자본주의 국가에서 사회적 양극화에 대한 논의는 이미 1990년대 초 세계화 또는 세계도시가 주요한 연구주제로 등장하면서 시작되었다. 1980년대 이후 선진자본주의 국가를 중심으로 한계에 도달한 포드주의 축적체계가 포스트 포드주의로 급속히 전환되면서 사회적 양극화가 자본의 유연화 및 세계화 전략과 맞물리는 현상으로 인식되었기 때문이다. 이런 점에서 최근 전개되고 있는 한국의 사회적 양극화는 서구 선진국과 유사하다. 1997년 경제위기 이후 세계화가 급속히 진행되는 가운데 지식기반경계의 대두로 고소득 전문직이 등장하는 반면, 중산층의 몰락과 더불어 임시적 고용이 확대되고 실업이 만성화되는 등 자본의 세계화와 유연화 과정에서 나타나는 양극화 양상이 보이기 때문이다. 이와 같은 맥락에서 한국의 사회적 양극화는 이미 1990년대 초부터 진행되어 왔으며, IMF 경제위기는 단지 그러한 사회적 양극화를 급속히 진행시키는 방아쇠 역할을 하였다고 할 수 있다. 그러나 양국의 사회적 양극화는 직업구조와 임금소득의 격차만으로 설명하기 어려운 또 다른 특성을 갖는다. 왜곡된 시장구조에서 무엇보다도 부동산과 같은 자산소득의 격차가 큰 역할을 하기 때문이다. 서울은 이와 같은 한국의 사회적 양극화가 한 도시 내에서 전형적으로 전개되는 곳이라고 할 수 있다. 한국 내 어떤 도시보다도 세계화되어 있고 전문지식을 기반으로 하는 산업이 발달하고 있기 때문이다. 서울의 사회적 양극화는 공간적으로도 나타난다. 일반적으로 서울은 크게 주거지로서는 공동화되고 있는 중구 종로구 용산구 등 사대문안의 구도심지역, 강남구 서초구 송파구 등을 중심으로 한 1970년대 이후 계획적으로 계발된 이른바 강남의 신흥주택 및 신산업 지역, 영등포구 구로구 금천구 성동구 동대문구 등 제조업 중심의 구 산업 및 저소득층 주거지역 그리고 그 나머지 강북 강서 강동 등의 전형적인 주거지역 등 4개 유형으로 지역이 구분된다. 그러나 IMF 경제위기 이후에 강남구 서초구 송파구를 중심으로 하는 고소득증의 주거지와 그 나머지 주거지로 공간적 양극화가 이루어지고 있다. 사회적 양극화의 이와 같은 공간화 과정에는 자산소득의 격차를 확대하는 강남구 서초구 송파구의 높은 지가 및 아파트 가격이 중요한 역할을 하고 있다. 높은 부동산 가격이 이 지역에 대한 일종의 진입장벽을 참음으로써 고소득층에 의한 공간독점을 가능하게 하기 때문이다. 공간적 양극화를 촉진하는데는 지하철 및 문화복지시설의 집중 둥 불균형적인 공공투자와 강북에서 이전한 명문고등학교를 중심으로 형성된 8학군 등 양호한 교육환경 또한 중요한 역할을 하고 있다. 서울의 사례에서 확인할 수 있듯이, 한국에서의 사회적 양극화는 직업구조와 임금소득이라는 일반적인 요인 외에도 부동산 가격 및 소득 그리고 생활인프라의 격차를 통해 공간적 양극화물 야기하고 있다. 이러한 현상이 한국내 다른도시에서도 전개되고 있는지, 공간적 양극화로 인한 도시문제는 무엇이고 대처방안은 무엇인지 등에 대해서 후속연구가 요구된다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.43 no.2
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 2015

This study explores urban gardening and garden culture in residential area as an everydayness that has been overlooked during the modern period urbanization and investigates the meaning and value of urban gardening from the perspective of urban formations and growth in spontaneous urban residential area, Haebangchon. The result identified that urban gardening as a meaning of contemporary culture is a new clue to improving the urban physical environment and changing the lives and community network of residents. Haebangchon is one of the few remaining spontaneous habitations in Seoul, and was created as a temporary unlicensed shantytown in 1940s. It became the representative habitation for common people in downtown Seoul through the revitalization of the 60s and the local reform through self-sustaining redevelopment projects during the 70s through the 90s. This area still contains the image of times during the 50s to the 60s, the 70s to the 80s and present, with the percentage of long-term stay residents high. Within this context, the site is divided into third quarters, and the research undertaken by observation and investigation to determine characteristics of urban gardening as an everydayness. It can be said that urban gardening and garden culture in Haebangchon is a unique location culture that has accumulated in the crevices of the physical condition and culture of life. These places are an expression of resident's desires that seeking out nature and gardening as revealed in densely-populated areas and the grounds of practical acting and participating in care and cultivation. It forms a unique, indigenous local landscape as an accumulation of everyday life of residents. Urban gardens in detached home has retained the original function of the dwelling and the garden, or 'madang', and takes on the characteristic of public space through the sharing of a public nature as well as semi-private spatial characteristic. Also, urban gardens including small kitchen garden and flowerpots that appear in the narrow streets provide pleasure as a part of nature that blossoms in narrow alley and functions as a public garden for exchanging with neighbors by sharing produce. This paper provides the concept of redefining the relationship between the private-public area that occurs between outside spaces that are cut off in a modern city.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
• /
• v.24 no.5
• /
• pp.108-116
• /
• 2015

This study intends to research the spatial characteristics of Asian interim housing that accommodates sufferers pro tempore after disasters. The scope of this research covers the interim spaces used for housing people after natural disasters that occurred in Asia for the past fifteen years. Within this scope, literature review was conducted as the basis to derive the characteristics and environmental elements of interim housing, which provided the criteria to compare and evaluate cases of interim housing along with characteristic elements required of interim housing found in previous studies. According to literature review, interim housing can be classified by life-span, region, economy, climate, type, number of household, square measure, residential cost, structure/material, and service life. Within the scope of the present research, literature review showed a total of twenty-eight cases of interim housing in fifteen countries revealing a high rate of disaster occurrence in the subtropic and tropic climate of Southeast Asia. A great percentage of interim housing was used for long-term stay of over a year. The structure of interim housing varied from lightweight steel, wooden, masonry, membrane, to traditional structure and the type were divided into temporary shelter, transitional housing, temporary housing, and permanent housing. Followed by literature review, the characteristics required of post-disaster interim housing were analyzed based on previous research and case studies. The characteristics of interim housing can be divided into environmental, technological, and socio-cultural ones. Sub-characterical items according to such division include amenity, health, surroundings, structure, convenience, eco-friendliness, safety, communication, and locality. As a result of evaluation, most items met the required characteristics of interim housing, while technological characteristics such as structure and convenience varied with the types of interim housing and appeared even unnecessary in some cases. According to analysis, amenity is maintained through the structural and material characteristics of interim housing and is also facilitated by increasing number of infrastructure such as educational, sanitary, and convenience facilities provided by the governmental and organizational bodies. It is expected that this study will be utilized as preliminary data for follow-up studies that improve the environment of post-disaster interim housing suitable for domestic circumstances in environmental, technological, and socio-cultural respects.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.36 no.6
• /
• pp.81-90
• /
• 2009

This study seeks those elements that form a sense of place in Yen-Ben Street, which represents a typical ethnic enclave in Seoul, to provide a basic resource in the creation of an urban landscape that can provide a positive space for cultural diversity. The results of the study can be summarized as follows: First, the element of a physical environment that develops a sense of place was in fact the poor dwellings that correspond to the economic condition of Korean Chinese. While this element has a negative cognition to outsiders, Korean Chinese feel positively toward it. Secondly, signboards were a physical element of sense of place which retains cultural identity as a means of communication inside the community. Thirdly, it was found that activities such as shopping, recreation, and the exchange of information that are found in the pursuit of daily life act as an essential element in the formation of a sense of place even more than architectural elements. Fourthly, the appropriation of space by Korean Chinese and the isolation from the surroundings were obvious. This isolation is perceived as a negative sense of place formation to outsiders in Yen-Ben Street. Fifthly, the aspects of cultural dualism, mingling the concepts of home country, language, writing, and food have also affected the formation of a sense of place in the area. Sixthly, transience was a prominent phenomenon of Yen-Ben Street and is strengthened by illegal immigration. Although transience causes negative impacts such as in a lack of concern for the residential environment, it acts as a positive factor in the sense of place by mitigating uneasiness, and strengthening insider ties and cooperation.