• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2006.10d
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• pp.370-374
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• 2006

Ad-hoc 환경의 응용은 재난구조나 회의실 또는 강의실에서의 정보 교환과 같은 그룹 통에서 이용된다. Ad-hoc 환경은 무선 채널을 이용하므로 상대적인 낮은 대역폭과 높은 오류 발생률을 가지게 된다. 따라서 Ad-hoc 네트워크에서는 신뢰적인 전송이 요구된다. 이동 노드는 상대적으로 낮은 성능과 에너지의 제한으로 인해 유선 환경과 같은 신뢰적인 전송 기법을 Ad-hoc 환경에 적용하기에는 문제가 발생한다. Ad-hoc 환경의 무선 채널이 가지는 보안적인 취약성과 높은 에러율을 극복하는 신뢰적인 그룹 키 전송을 위한 재전송 기법을 제안한다. 신뢰적인 트리 형성하기 위해 n차 트리 구조를 이용한다. 손실 감지를 위한 ACK 메시지를 이용하고 손실 복구를 위한 재전송 기법에 대해 연구를 한다. 제안한 신뢰적인 그룹 키 전송을 위한 재전송 기법은 트리의 깊이의 차수가 루트 관리 노드, 서브 관리 노드와 로컬 멤버 노드로 구성되기 때문에 손실 감지와 손실 복구에 대한 연산의 오버헤드가 적다. 루트 관리 노드는 멤버 노드로부터 받은 개인키 정보를 이용하여 그룹 키를 생성하고 그룹 키 부분 정보를 서브 관리 노드에게 전송하고 서브 관리 노드에 대한 신뢰성을 책임진다. 서브 관리 노드는 루트 관리 노드로부터 받은 그룹 키 부분 정보를 로컬 멤버 노드에게 전송하고 로컬 멤버 노드에 대한 신뢰성을 책임진다. 루트 관리 노드와 서브 관리 노드를 관리 노드라 한다. 관리 노드가 신뢰적인 전송을 위해 관리하는 멤버 노드는 전체 그룹에 독립적으로 유지 가능하므로 확장성 및 효율성이 좋다. 관리 노드는 동적인 그룹에 따른 타이머를 설정함으로써 손실 감지에 대한 시간을 줄임으로써 효율적인 손실 감지 및 손실 복구를 한다. 임계값 설정으로 인한 중복 수신에 대한 오버헤드를 줄일 수 있다.신뢰성을 향상 시킬 수 있는 Load Balancing System을 제안한다.할 때 가장 효과적인 라우팅 프로토콜이라고 할 수 있다.iRNA 상의 의존관계를 분석할 수 있었다.수안보 등 지역에서 나타난다 이러한 이상대 주변에는 대개 온천이 발달되어 있었거나 새로 개발되어 있는 곳이다. 온천에 이용하고 있는 시추공의 자료는 배제하였으나 온천이응으로 직접적으로 영향을 받지 않은 시추공의 자료는 사용하였다 이러한 온천 주변 지역이라 하더라도 실제는 온천의 pumping 으로 인한 대류현상으로 주변 일대의 온도를 올려놓았기 때문에 비교적 높은 지열류량 값을 보인다. 한편 한반도 남동부 일대는 이번 추가된 자료에 의해 새로운 지열류량 분포 변화가 나타났다 강원 북부 오색온천지역 부근에서 높은 지열류량 분포를 보이며 또한 우리나라 대단층 중의 하나인 양산단층과 같은 방향으로 발달한 밀양단층, 모량단층, 동래단층 등 주변부로 NNE-SSW 방향의 지열류량 이상대가 발달한다. 이것으로 볼 때 지열류량은 지질구조와 무관하지 않음을 파악할 수 있다. 특히 이러한 단층대 주변은 지열수의 순환이 깊은 심도까지 가능하므로 이러한 대류현상으로 지표부근까지 높은 지온 전달이 되어 나타나는 것으로 판단된다.의 안정된 방사성표지효율을 보였다. $^{99m}Tc$-transferrin을 이용한 감염영상을 성공적으로 얻을 수 있었으며, $^{67}Ga$-citrate 영상과 비교하여 더 빠른 시간 안에 우수한 영상을 얻을 수 있었다. 그러므로 $^{99m}Tc$-transierrin이 감염 병소의 영상진단에 사용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.리를 정량화 하였다. 특히 선조체에서의 도파민 유리에 의한 수용체 결합능의 감소는 흡연에 의한 혈중 니코틴의 축

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.35 no.9C
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• pp.761-770
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• 2010

In this paper, we propose a new Frame Rate Up-Conversion (FRUC) scheme to increase the frame rate from a lower number into a higher one and enhance the decoded video quality at the decoder. The proposed algorithm utilizes the preliminary frames of forward and backward direction using bilateral prediction. In the process of the preliminary frames, an additional interpolation is performed for the occlusion area because if the calculated value of the block with reference frame if larger than the predetermine thresholdn the block is selected as the occlusion area. In order to interpolate the occlusion area, we perform re-search to obtain the osiomal block considerhe osiomnumber of available ne block consblock. The experimental results show that performance of the proposed algorithm has better PSNR and visual quality than the conventional methods.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.246-249
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• 2001

본 연구는 온라인 지문 인식 기법의 속도 향상을 주목적으로 하여 기존의 지문 인식 기법과 비교하여 개선된 전처리 방법을 이용하여 적은 계산량으로 보다 높은 정확도를 확보하여 궁극적으로 지문 인식 및 대조 시스템이 적합한 특징점 추출 알고리즘 개발을 목적으로 한다. 먼저 방향성이미지에서 방향성추출에서는 4$\times$4화소를 하나의 Block으로 나눈 후, 3$\times$3의 Sobel 연산자를 이용하였고, 이 방향성 정보를 이용하여 지문영상의 품질 측정과 배경 분리를 하였으며, 또한 부분 영역간의 밝기 차이 등으로 발생하는 오류를 최소화하기 위하여 이진화 수행 과정에서 가장 애로점인 임계치(threshold value) 설정을 지문의 대상 영역의 밝기 등에 적응하여 스스로 변하도록 할 수 있게 Slit sum의 방법을 응용한 적응 이진화를 하였다. 세선화와 특징점 추출에서는 VHN(Vertical & horizontal Number)값을 이용하여 보정(Interpolation)효과를 주어 오류특징점을 배제하고, 자동 지문 인식 시스템의 인식성능을 향상시켰다.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.30 no.3B
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• pp.72-84
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• 2005

Optical burst switching networks usually employ one-way reservation by sending a burst control packet with a specific offset time, before transmitting each data burst Same. Due to such a Property, burst-contentions occur when multiple bursts contend for the same wavelength in the same output link simultaneously in a node, leading to burst losses, eventually degrading the quality of service. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a dynamic routing algorithm using minimum local state information in order to decrease burst-contentions. In this proposed scheme, if burst loss rate exceeds a threshold value at a certain node, a new alternative routing path is chosen according to burst priority and location of burst generation, which enables the contending bursts to detour around the congested link. Moreover, for reducing the effect of sending bursts on the primary path due to the alternative path, we also apply a minimum path-cost based routing on link-cost concept. Our simulation results show that proposed scheme improves the network performance in terms of burst loss probability and throughput by comparing with conventional one.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.45-52
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• 2015

The interoperability of multi-source data has become more important due to various digital maps, produced from public institutions and enterprises. In this study, the automatic matching algorithm of multi-source building data using hierarchical matching was proposed. At first, we divide digital maps into blocks and perform the primary geometric registration of buildings with the ICP algorithm. Then, corresponding building pairs were determined by evaluating the similarity of overlap area, and the matching threshold value of similarity was automatically derived by the Otsu binary thresholding. After the first matching, we extracted error matching candidates buildings which are similar with threshold value to conduct the secondary ICP matching and to make a matching decision using turning angle function analysis. For the evaluation, the proposed method was applied to representative public digital maps, road name address map and digital topographic map 2.0. As a result, the F measures of matching and non-matching buildings increased by 2% and 17%, respectively. Therefore, the proposed method is efficient for the matching of building polygons from multi-source digital maps.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.34 no.6_4
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• pp.1519-1529
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• 2018

The volcanic ash can spread out over hundreds of kilometers in case of large volcanic eruption. The deposition of volcanic ash may induce damages in urban area and transportation facilities. In order to respond volcanic hazard, it is necessary to estimate efficiently the diffusion area of volcanic ash. The purpose of this study is to compare in-situ volcanic deposition and satellite images of the volcanic eruption case. In this study, we used Near-Infrared (NIR) channels 7 and 8 of Geostationary Ocean Color Imager (GOCI) images for Mt. Aso eruption in 16:40 (UTC) on October 7, 2016. To estimate deposit area clearly, we applied Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and a series of morphology filtering (Eroded, Opening, Dilation, and Closing), respectively. In addition, we compared the field data from the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) report about Aso volcano eruption in 2016. From the results, we could extract volcanic ash deposition area of about $380km^2$. In the traditional method, ash deposition area was estimated by human activity such as direct measurement and hearsay evidence, which are inefficient and time consuming effort. Our results inferred that satellite imagery is one of the powerful tools for surface change mapping in case of large volcanic eruption.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.52-63
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• 2021

In previous research, the coastal wetlands were detected by using the vegetation indices or land cover classification maps derived from the multispectral bands of the satellite or aerial imagery, and this approach caused the various limitations for detecting the coastal wetlands with high accuracy due to the difficulty of acquiring both land cover and topographic information by using the single remote sensing data. This research suggested the efficient methodology for detecting the coastal wetlands using the sentinel-2 satellite image and SRTM(Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) DEM (Digital Elevation Model) acquired in Gomsoman Bay, west coasts of South Korea through the following steps. First, the NDWI(Normalized Difference Water Index) image was generated using the green and near-infrared bands of the given Sentinel-2 satellite image. Then, the binary image that separating lands and waters was generated from the NDWI image based on the pixel intensity value 0.2 as the threshold and the other binary image that separating the upper sea level areas and the under sea level areas was generated from the SRTM DEM based on the pixel intensity value 0 as the threshold. Finally, the coastal wetland map was generated by overlaying analysis of these binary images. The generated coastal wetland map had the 94% overall accuracy. In addition, the other types of wetlands such as inland wetlands or mountain wetlands were not detected in the generated coastal wetland map, which means that the generated coastal wetland map can be used for the coastal wetland management tasks.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.43 no.1 s.343
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• pp.49-56
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• 2006

This paper describes the design and the verification of IEEE 802.15.4 LR-WPAN 2.4GHz Physical layer for Ubiquitous Sensor Network(USN). We designed the Carrier Frequency Offset(CFO) compensation satisfied the frequency tolerance of IEEE 802.15.4 LR-WPAN and the adaptive matched filter that re-setting of the threshold for the symbol synchronization of the various USN environment. The multiplications is reduced 1/16 by this method each other at i, q phases and has 0.5dB performance improvement in detection probability. Proposed baseband system is designed with verilog HDL and implemented using FPGA prototype board.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.206-211
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• 2005

We describe the design for a correlator and an access code generator in bluetooth system. These are used for a connection setting, a packet decision and a clock synchronization between Bluetooth units. The correlator consists of two blocks; carry save adder based on Wallace tree and threshold-value decision block. It determines on an useful packet and clock-synchronization for input signal of 1.0Mbps through the sliding-window correlating. The access-code generator also consists of two blocks; BCH(Bose-Chadhuri-Hocquenghem) cyclic encoder and control block. It generates the access-codes according to four steps' generation process based on Bluetooth standard. In order to solve synchronization problem, we make use of any memory as a pseudo random sequence. The proposed correlator and access-code generator were coded with VHDL. An FPGA Implementation of these modules and the simulation results are proved by Xilinx chip. The critical delay and correlative margin based on synthesis show the 4.689ns and the allowable correlation-error up to 7-bit.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.245-253
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• 2009

The importance of chloride ions in the corrosion of steel in concrete has led to the concept for chloride threshold level (CTL). The CTL can be defined as the content of chlorides at the steel depth that is necessary to sustain local passive film breakdown and hence initiate the corrosion process. Despite the importance of the CTL, due to the uncertainty determining the actual limits in various environments for chloride-induced corrosion, conservative values such as 0.4% by weight of cement or 1.2 kg in 1 $m^3$ concrete have been used in predicting the corrosion-free service life of reinforced concrete structures. The paper studies the CTL for blended cement concrete by comparing the resistance of cementitious binder to the onset of chloride-induced corrosion of steel. Mortar specimens were cast with centrally located steel rebar of 10 mm in diameter using cementitious mortars with ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and mixed mortars replaced with 30% pulverized fuel ash (PFA), 60% ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and 10% silica fume (SF), respectively, at 0.4 of a free W/B ratio. Chlorides were admixed in mixing water ranging 0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0% by weight of binder(Based on $C1^-$). Specimens were curd 28 days at the room temperature, wrapped in polyethylene film to avoid leaching out of chloride and hydroxyl ions. Then the corrosion rate was measured using the polarization resistance method and the order of CTL for binder was determined. Thus, CTL of OPC, 60%GGBS, 30%PFA and 10%SF were determined by 1.6%, 0.45%, 0.8% and 2.15%, respectively.