• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Dyers and Finishers Conference
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• 2012.03a
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• pp.64-64
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• 2012

아라미드는 일반적인 유기섬유와는 다른 우수한 역학적 성질을 바탕으로 보호의류 중에서 방탄방호 및 방검보호 의류에 사용되는 고부가 소재이다. 현재까지 ATY기계에서 사의 구조와 물성에 큰 영향을 미치는 Nozzle의 구조에 대한 연구결과는 많이 발표되어왔다. 그러나 최근 들어 소방방화방 검용 보호의류에 많이 사용되는 아라미드사에 ATY 공정 중에서 Nozzle의 직경이 ATY사의 물성에 어떤 영향을 미치는가에 대한 연구는 발표된 바가 없다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 Para-aramid/Nylon hybrid사를 이용하여 ATY로 제조할 경우, 표면에 생기는 loop로 인하여 타 소재와 접착시, 접착제 담지 성능이 향상되어 접착력이 상승되는 반면 아라미드 Hybrid사의 역학물성은 ATY가 가공되기 전의 물성보다 저하되는 약점을 가지고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 ATY 제조공정에서 Nozzle의 직경을 달리할 때 Aramid/Nylon Hybrid ATY사의 물성변화를 분석함으로서 방화복과 방검용 보호의류에 적합한 아라미드 ATY사를 개발하고자 한다. 본 연구에서는 ATY 제조공정 중 다른 공정조건은 동일하게 하고 Nozzle의 직경을 0.6, 0.75, 1, 1.2mm로 변경하여 4가지 시료를 준비하고 물성분석을 위하여 제조된 시료의 강신도, 초기탄성률을 각각 측정하여 인장특성을 확인하였으며, 건열수축률과 습열수축률을 측정하여 시료의 열 수축률을 측정 분석하였다. 표면의 루프 발현 정도를 보기위하여 형태 불안정성을 측정 평가하였으며 영상현미경시스템을 사용하여 표면특성을 측정 평가하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. Nozzle의 직경이 증가함에 따라 절단강도는 30% 감소하였고 초기탄성률은 3배 가까이 감소하였다. 그리고 절단신도는 2배정도 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 또한 Nozzle의 직경이 증가함에 따라 ATY hybrid사의 건 습열수축률이 증가하다가 직경이 1.2mm일 때 감소하는 경향을 나타내었고 직경 변화에 따라 4~6%의 열 수축률의 분포를 보였다. Para-aramid/Nylon hybrid사의 형태불안정성은 0.3~0.5%를 분포를 나타내었고 Nozzle의 직경이 0.6, 1mm일 때 상대적으로 낮은 ATY의 불안정성이 확인되었다. Nozzle의 직경이 감소할수록 loop의 엉킴이 적으며 flat하였으며 직경이 1.2mm일 때 가장 조밀하고 표면에 loop가 많이 형성된 것을 확인하였다.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.466-473
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• 2018

Purpose: Nowadays, it is the trend that seismic isolation method and combined method are used for seismic retrofitting, if concrete sphere foundation(CSF) system is applied to mid and low rise RC structure for the seismic isolation, the characteristics of concrete sphere, etc split tensile strength will be need. Method: The various experiments are carried out to know the split strength of high strength concrete sphere(60Mpa) and the ratio of split strength of concrete sphere to standard cylinder specimen, the size effect of concrete sphere with diameter. Results: It was purposed that the split strength of concrete sphere with diameter 150mm will be lower than that of cylinder specimen but, the average value is 4.39 Mpa and the ratio is higher than that of cylinder specimens, each 3.8% and 13.7%, the reason of this result is thought that the internal stress action of spot load and line load are different. Conclusion: There is a standard method for split tensile strength of cylinder type specimen, but there are few studies for the tensile split of concrete sphere. And therefore, in this study, theoretical and experimental details of concrete sphere will be served for the concrete sphere foundation or other sequent studies.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.25-32
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• 2007

Because of the increasing use of clayey soil as the backfill in reinfurced soil structures and embankments, nonwoven geotextiles of drain capability have been receiving much attention. However, there are few studies on the deformation behavior analysis of nonwoven geotextiles in reinforced soil structures in the site because nonwoven geotextiles which have low tensile stiffness and higher deformability than geogrids and woven geotextiles, are difficult to measure their deformation by using strain gauges. In this study, it was suggested that a new and more convenient method could measure the deformation behaviour of nonwoven geotextile using a strain gauge and examine the availability of the method by conducting laboratory tests and applying to two geosynthetics reinforced soil (GRS) walls in the site. The result of wide-width tensile test conducted under confining pressure of 70 kPa shows that the local deformation of nonwoven geotextile to be measured with strain gauges has a similar pattern to the total deformation measured with LVDT. In the GRS walls, nonwoven geotextile shows a larger deformation range than the woven geotextile and geogrid. However, the deformation patterns of these three reinforcement materials are similar. The function of strain gauges attached to nonwoven geotextile in the walls works normally for 16 months. Therefore, the method proposed in this study for measuring nonwoven geotextile deformation using a strain gauge has proved useful.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.152-161
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• 2023

In general, large-capacity hydrogen storage vessels, typically in the form of vertical cylindrical vessels, are constructed using steel materials. These vessels are anchored to foundation slabs that are specially designed to suit the environmental conditions. This anchoring method involves pre-installed anchors on top of the concrete foundation slab. However, it's important to note that such a design can result in concentrated stresses at the anchoring points when external forces, such as seismic events, are at play. This may lead to potential structural damage due to anchor and concrete damage. For this reason, in this study, it selected an vertical hydrogen storage vessel based on site observations and created a 3D finite element model. Artificial seismic motions made following the procedures specified in ICC-ES AC 156, as well as domestic recorded earthquakes with a magnitude greater than 5.0, were applied to analyze the structural behavior and performance of the target structures. Conducting experiments on a structure built to actual scale would be ideal, but due to practical constraints, it proved challenging to execute. Therefore, it opted for an analytical approach to assess the safety of the target structure. Regarding the structural response characteristics, the acceleration induced by seismic motion was observed to amplify by approximately ten times compared to the input seismic motions. Additionally, there was a tendency for a decrease in amplification as the response acceleration was transmitted to the point where the centre of gravity is located. For the vulnerable components, specifically the sub-system (support columns and anchorages), the stress levels were found to satisfy the allowable stress criteria. However, the concrete's tensile strength exhibited only about a 5% margin of safety compared to the allowable stress. This indicates the need for mitigation strategies in addressing these concerns. Based on the research findings presented in this paper, it is anticipated that predictable load information for the design of storage vessels required for future shaking table tests will be provided.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.5A
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• pp.649-656
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• 2008

The enhancement of the service life of damaged or cracked structures is a major issue for researchers and engineers. The hierarchic void element based on the integrals of Legendre polynomials is used to characterize the fracture behaviour of unpatched crack as well as repaired crack with bonded composite patches by computing the stress intensity factors and stress contours at the crack tip. Since the equivalent single layer approach is adopted in this study, the proposed element is necessary to represent a discontinuous crack part as a continuum body with zero stiffness. Thus the aspect ratio of this element to represent the crack should be extremely slender. The sensitivity of numerical solution with respect to energy release rate, displacement and stress has been tested to show the robustness of zero stiffness element as the aspect ratio is increased up to 2000. The stiffness derivative method and displacement extrapolation method have been applied to calculate the stress intensity factors of Mode I problem. It is noted that the proposed hierarchical void element can be one of alternatives to analyze the patched crack problems.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.37-44
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• 2013

The superiority of bearing ground anchor system has been recognized for the stability and economical efficiency since 1950s in Japan, Europe and etc. The ground anchor introduced in Korea, however, has the structural problem that the tensile strength comes only from the ground frictional force caused by the expansion of the wedge body and it is impossible to evaluate the bearing resistance because the adhering method of the anchor body to hollow wall is not appropriate. In this study, the underreamed ground anchor system was developed so that the bearing pressure of ground anchor can exert as much as possible. And the in-situ tests were performed to evaluate the pullout behavior characteristics and to verify the decreasing effect of the bonded length. The pullout tests were performed with the non-grouted tension condition and grouted tension condition in order to identify the pull-out resistance of each conditions. In addition, it was compared with the results of friction anchor. Finally, the numerical analysis was fulfilled to verify the bearing effect at the bonded part through the detailed modeling by PLAXIS-2D, which is general finite element method analysis program.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.702-709
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• 2018

A quick-hardened concrete track was developed to improve the aged ballasted track to a concrete track, and applied to earthworks and tunnels of main and urban railways. Rebars for reinforcement are not generally applied to prestressed concrete sleepers. On the other hand, many cracked sleepers have been observed in railroad sites. A wide sleeper, which is one of the main components of quick-hardened concrete track, should be structurally safe and crack-resistant in a ballasted and concrete track to avoid this problem. In particular, a wide sleeper manufactured by a post-tension method must have reinforcing bars applied to the rail-seat section. In this paper, static tests, dynamic tests, and fatigue tests were carried out to compare the flexural strength and crack resistance performance of a wide sleeper with and without reinforcing bars for a quick-hardened concrete track. As a result of the test, if some reinforcing bars are applied appropriately to the rail-seat section of a wide sleeper, it will be possible to prevent the occurrence of cracks, delay the expansion of the crack width, and the flexural fracture.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.147-156
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• 2012

In recent years, many high-rise buildings have been constructed in irregular structural system with inclined columns, which may have effect on the structural behavior of beam-column joints. Since the external load leads to shear and flexural forces on the inclined columns in different way from those on the conventional vertical columns, failure mode, resistant strength, and ductility capacity of the inclined column-beam joints may be different than those of the perpendicular beam-column joints. In this study, six RC inclined beam-column joint specimens were tested. The main parameter of the specimens was the angle between axes of the column and beam (90, 67.5, and 45 degree). Test results indicated that the structural behavior of conventional perpendicular beam-column joint was different to that of the inclined beam-column joints, due to different loading conditions between inclined and perpendicular beam-column joints. Both upper and lower columns of perpendicular beam-column joints were subjected to compressive force, while the upper and lower columns of the inclined beam-column joints were subjected to tensile and compressive forces, respectively.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.21-29
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• 2023

In this study, the stress characteristics of temporary fixed steel rods were analyzed in the "temporary fixing system using internal prestressing tension", which is mainly applied to the construction of superstructures by FCM. It was difficult to confirm the changes in initial tensile force in this system because the steel rod was internally connected to the pier and the PSC BOX. Therefore, measurement was performed before and after the completion of each segment using an FBG sensor to measure the change in the micro length of the steel rod. The results of the analysis showed that 75% to 90% of the maximum vertical contraction of the steel rod that occurred until the completion of the cantilever segment occurred in the fixing ~ 1segment, and the maximum loss of initial prestressing force was 39%. Such excessive loss of tension force to 1 segment means that tension is needed to improve the precision of construction during the fixation, and re-tension is needed to secure stability for conduction of cantilever segments after the completion of 1segment. In the 2 ~ last segment, the stress of the steel rod decreased gradually, and in the summer, the decrease in stress tended to partially recover due to the increase in the length of the steel rod corresponding to the increase in the vertical volume of PSC BOX. The dominant factor in the stress change in 2~ last segment in this phenomenon is judged to be the change in the length of the steel rod according to the temperature. Unlike the change in length, the relaxation was 1.2-2.7%, which was mostly offset by the opposite stress corresponding to the temperature stress. Therefore, a plan was proposed to improve the internal stress, such as adjusting the fixation time.