• Elastomers and Composites
• /
• v.40 no.1
• /
• pp.12-21
• /
• 2005

In this work, magnesium carbonate and calcium hydroxide as metallic crosslinking agent were added to chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber (CSM) emulsion to enhance the mechanical properties of emulsion film such as tensile strength, elongation at break, and tear strength and crosslinking density, thermal features, and surface energy were also investigated. Crosslinking density of the CSM emulsion film with increasing the amount of magnesium carbonate and calcium hydroxide increased, leading to the enhancement of water resistance. It was shown that compared with calcium hydroxide, magnesium carbonate had a little higher crosslinking density and $T_g$ value. The surface energy and mechanical characteristics of the CSM emulsion film, however, showed somewhat different behaviors. The highest surface energy, tensile strength, and tear strength were observed when 0.75% for magnesium carbonate and 1.0% for calcium hydroxide were added respectively. Therefore, it can be concluded that as metallic crosslinking agent to improve water resistance and mechanical properties of the CSM emulsion, magnesium carbonate is more preferable to calcium hydroxide.

• Elastomers and Composites
• /
• v.37 no.4
• /
• pp.258-264
• /
• 2002

In this work, the influence of thermal treatment on surface properties of silicas and mechanical interfacial properties of silicas/polyurethane composites was investigated. The surface properties of thermally treated silicas were studied in the context of Fourier Transform-IR (FT-IR), solid-state 29Si NMR spectroscopy, and contact angle. And the mechanical interfacial properties of the silica/polyurethane composites were evaluated by composite tearing energy (GIIIC). As a result, it was found that the thermally treated silica surfaces became hydrophobic in nature, due to the condensation of surface hydroxyls and the formation of siloxane bonds, resulting in increasing the London dispersive component of surface free energy. From which, the increase of the London dispersive component of the silicas led to an improvement of the dispersion of silicas in a polyurethane matrix, finally resulting in improving the tearing energy (GIIIC) of the silicas/polyurethane composites.

• Polymer(Korea)
• /
• v.32 no.3
• /
• pp.270-275
• /
• 2008

Crack growth characteristics of elastomeric materials are an important factor determining the strength and durability. In this study, the fatigue crack growth characteristic of filled EPDM compounds with different reinforcing fillers, such as silica and carbon black, was investigated using a newly designed tester. Frequency and test temperature had significant effects on the fatigue crack growth. The crack growth rate decreased with increasing frequency and the rate increased with increasing temperature. A power law relationship between the tearing energy and crack growth was observed for filled EPDM compounds. The crack growth rate reduced with increasing filler contents. Silica filled EPDM showed a better fatigue resistance than carbon black filled EPDM. The crack growth rate of silica filled EPDM decreased up to 30 phr and increased again at 50 phr. The formation of microductile type pits was observed on the fatigue-failure surface of unfilled EPDM, and relatively coarse surface with randomly distributed tear lines was observed on the failure surface of silica filled EPDM.

• Elastomers and Composites
• /
• v.49 no.2
• /
• pp.149-154
• /
• 2014

Friction and abrasion behaviors were investigated for SBR rubber compounds reinforced by silica and carbon black. Knife-blade abrader, newly designed based on tearing energy theory, was utilized in order to evaluate the effect of frictional work on the wear rate of the rubber compounds. It was found that the power law relation between frictional work and wear rate worked, in which as the wear rate was increased as frictional work increased. The wear rate could be determined successfully using the knife-blade abrader in which a moving distance of the knife blade in the process of wearing was measured continuously, instead of intermittent measurements of weight loss by wear during experiment.

• Elastomers and Composites
• /
• v.46 no.3
• /
• pp.186-194
• /
• 2011

Natural fiber/natural rubber composites were fabricated by uniformly compounding natural rubber and cellulose- based natural fiber kenaf and then by compression molding. The effect of kenaf fiber content on their vulcanization behavior, hardness, tensile properties, tear strength and static and dynamic properties was investigated. The contents of kenaf fiber in the composites were 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 phr, compared to natural rubber and additives. The result indicated that various properties of natural rubber depended on the kenaf fiber content. With increasing kenaf fiber content, the torque for vulcanization of natural rubber was increased whereas the vulcanization time was reduced as well. The hardness, tensile modulus and tear strength of kenaf/natural rubber composites were gradually decreased with the fiber content whereas the tensile strength and elongation at break were decreased. Also, with increasing the kenaf fiber content the dynamic property of natural rubber was changed more greatly than the static property. The loss factor, which is closely related with the damping or absorption of the energy given to natural rubber, was proportionally increased with the fiber content.

• Elastomers and Composites
• /
• v.37 no.2
• /
• pp.99-106
• /
• 2002

In this work, the surface properties and mechanical interfacial properties of the carbon blacks treated by oxygen plasma were investigated. The surface properties of carbon black by oxidation process of oxygen plasma were studied in acid-base surface value, zeta potential, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). And their mechanical interfacial properties of the carbon black/rubber composites were evaluated by the composite tearing energy ($G_{III}c$). As a result, it was found that the introduction rate of oxygen-containing polar functional groups, such as carboxyl, hydroxyl, lactone, and carbonyl groups, onto the carbon black surfaces was increased by increasing the plasma treatment time. It revealed that the polar rubber, such as acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), showed relatively a high degree of interaction with oxygen-containing functional groups of the carbon black surfaces, resulting in improving the tearing energy ($G_{III}c$) of the carbon black/acrlyonitrile butadiene rubber composites.

• Proceedings of the Korean Fiber Society Conference
• /
• 2001.10a
• /
• pp.330-333
• /
• 2001

일반적으로 하나 또는 그 이상의 입자상 충전재 흑은 섬유상 강화재와 연속상인 고분자 기재로 이루어진 고분자 복합재료는 물성이나 기능이 더욱 더 우수한 고성능/고기능성 고분자 재료에 대한 수요가 급격히 증대됨에 따라 이에 대한 많은 연구가 행해지고 있다[1,2]. 그러나 고분자 복합재료의 응력전달은 강화재와 고분자 기재의 계면을 통하여 일어나게 되므로 복합재료의 기계적 물성 등은 충전재의 양, 입자의 크기, 표면성질 뿐만 아니라 강화재와 고분자 기재 사이의 계면 접착력 또는 계면 성질에 크게 좌우된다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Dyers and Finishers Conference
• /
• 2011.03a
• /
• pp.70-70
• /
• 2011

최근 산업 발달에 의한 환경문제와 석유자원 감소에 따라 섬유시장에는 Eco-friendly 바람이 강하게 불고 있으며 리싸이클 제품이 급부상하고 있다. 폴리에스터계 고분자 제품, 그 중에서도 PET 병의 재자원화를 살펴보면 기계적, 열적으로 처리하여 물질을 바꾸지 않고서 회수하는 방법인 Mechanical Recycling과 원료를 분해하여 회수하는 방법인 Chemical Recycling이 있다. 이러한 리싸이클을 통하여 에너지 절감, 저탄소, 유해물질 감소, 환경정화 및 폐기물 감소로 환경부하가 완화되며, 자원의 효율적 재사용이 가능하다. 리싸이클 PET 섬유제품은 의류 인테리어용과 같은 한정된 용도뿐만 아니라 자동차용 부품소재 및 내장 부품 등 산업용으로도 사용가능하다. 본 연구에서는 리싸이클 PET로 제직한 직물에 정련과 호발가공을 하여 이러한 전처리에 따른 물리적 열적 특성의 변화를 비교 분석하였다. 그 결과 정련과 호발가공을 한 리싸이클 PET 직물의 인장 인열 강도가 미처리 직물과 비교하여 감소하는 결과를 보였으며 마모 파열강도는 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. 반면에 TGA와 DSC를 이용한 열분석 결과 열적 특성 및 결정화도는 일부 차이를 나타내었다.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
• /
• v.25 no.11
• /
• pp.1887-1894
• /
• 2001

The effects of carbon black on the material properties and the fatigue life of the carbon-black filled natural rubbers were investigated. Different kinds of carbon blacks resulted in different fatigue lives, hysteresis, and critical J-values. It was noticed that the hysteresis was inversely proportional to the difference between DBPA and CTAB, and the critical J-value was almost the same regardless of the length of a precrack. In addition, different kinds of carbon blacks resulted in different fracture morphologies, and micro-scale and macro-scale roughnesses. The critical J-value was proportional to the micro-scale roughness. and it seemed relate to the size distribution of carbon black particles. By reviewing all the experimental data. it was finally noticed that the logarithmic value of the fatigue life could be linearly expressed by a multiplication of the critical J-value and the logarithmic value of the hysteresis.

• Elastomers and Composites
• /
• v.44 no.4
• /
• pp.401-407
• /
• 2009

Commercial grades of solution styrene-butadiene rubbers extended with high aromatic oils having high polycyclic aromatic compounds (PCA) and low PCA oils were used to study the effect of the processing oil particularly on the crack propagation resistance and frictional wear resistance of the vulcanizates. The aromatic oil based vulcanizates exhibited superior fracture behavior over the low PCA oil extended vulcanizates based on tensile and trouser tear tests. Compounds with aromatic oil showed superior crack propagation resistance compared with those containing low PCA oil, especially at the lower ranges of tearing energy. In terms of frictional wear resistance, the aromatic oil extended compounds showed superior performance particularly in the lower frictional work ($W_f$) range but in the higher $W_f$ range the low PCA oil extended vulcanizates performed better.