• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.395-401
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• 2000

Growth and biochemical composition were analyzed in Gymnodinium sanguineum and Skeletonema costatum grown in media containing various nitrate and phosphate concentrations. Concentrations of nitrate and phosphate in the growth media were 0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, 1.2mM and 0, 15, 30, 45, 60 $\mu$M, respectively. Growth of G. sanguineum was suppressed in the low concentration of nitrate and phosphate (below N = 0.3 mM and P = 15 $\mu$M), whereas growth of S. costatum did not changed. At the low concentrations of nitrate and phosphate, amount of intracellular protein and carbohydrate in G. sanguineum cells were largely decreased, whereas content of carbohydrate in S. costatum cells was increased little. Amount of neutral lipid and phospholipid in G. sanguineum didn't changed, but concentration of glycolipid was largely decreased in the medium containing low concentrations of nitrate and phosphate. However the levels of TAG, glycolipid, and phospholipid did not changed in S. costatum cells. These results show that S. costatum is more adaptable than G. sanguineum in the low concentration of nitrate and phosphate.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.135-140
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• 2017

As an elementary investigation to develop vegetation concrete with a relatively low pH value, magnesia-phosphate composites (MPC) were examined according to the phosphate types including Monoammonium, Monosodium, Monopotassium, Monocalcium, Diammonium, Disodium, Dipotassium, and Diacalcium phosphates. All of the MPC binders, the ratio of magnesia to phosphate was fixed to be 7:3. MPC mortars activated with Disodium, Dipotassium, and Diacalcium phosphates showed no compressive strength gain, even at age of 28 days. Meanwhile, MPC mortars with Monoammonium and Monosodium phosphates developed 28-day compressive strength of more than 34MPa, and showed a relatively low pH value below 9.8. Hence, Monoammonium and Monosodium phosphates have potentials as an activator for producing MPC-based vegetation concrete.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2007.04a
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• pp.31-32
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• 2007

자동차 도장 전처리 공정 중 인산염처리는 소지와 도장층 사이의 밀착성을 향상시키고, 강판의 내식성을 향상시키는 목적으로 행하여진다. 인산염 조직이 치밀하게 형성되지 못하면 도장층 박리 등의 불량이 발생할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 전기로재 BAF(Batch Annealing Furnace) 냉연강판의 인산염처리 특성에 대한 분석 및 개선안 도출 과정을 서술하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Food and Cookery Science Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.84-84
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• 2003

생면제조시 각종 인산염의 효과를 구명하기 위하여 PG(propylene glycol), 폴리인산나트륨, 메타인산나트륨, 피로인산나트륨 등을 단독 또는 복합으로 첨가하여 제면특성 및 저장 중 생기는 이화학적 특성을 비교, 조사하였다. 인산염의 단독 또는 복합 처리에 의한 amylogram 특성은 최고점도의 경우 대조구, PG, polyphosphate, pyrophosphate, metaphosphate, PG+poly., PG+pyro. 및 PG+meta. 첨가구에서 273, 269, 274, 260, 272, 295, 269 RVU이었고 setback 값은 대조구, PG, polyphosphate, pyrophosphate, metaphosphate, PG+poly., PG+pyro. 및 PG+meta. 첨가구에서 104, 97, 92, 99, 99, 95, 102 RVU이었다. (중략)

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.118-121
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• 2008

Guar gum, ${\kappa}$-carrageenan, alginic acid and chitosan were applied to pork as a model system, and evaluated as a substitute for inorganic polyphosphate, which is one of the essential additives in conventional meat processing. The tested materials did not alter the fat content or pH of the pork meat; however, they did affect water holding capacity and cooking loss significantly. The pork with added guar gum and ${\kappa}$-carrageenan exhibited lower cooking loss than the pork with added polyphosphate. Also, theses materials showed no negative coloring effect within the pork meat blends, which suggest the possibility for their application in final products. In addition, the pork processed with guar gum showed a similar emulsion stability to that with polyphosphate. Overall, guar gum and ${\kappa}$-carrageenan were confirmed as possible substitutes for inorganic polyphosphate.

• Proceedings of the KSEEG Conference
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• 2001.04a
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• pp.4-6
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• 2001

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.1127-1137
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• 2000

Applications of lanthanum ion and crude rare earth chloride to the phosphate wastewater and fluorine wastewater, respectively, as treatment agents were studied. For the investigation of phosphate removal characteristics according to the amount of lanthanum ion, initial phosphate content was decreased by about 50% when molar ratio of [$La^{3+}$]:[$PO_4{^{3-}}-P$] was 0.25 and nearly all of phosphate was removed when the molar ratio of [$La^{3+}$]:[$PO_4{^{3-}}-P$] to be doubled. The removal of phosphate by $La^{3+}$ appeared to reach equilibrium state rapidly, and it was exothermic reaction since the removed amount of phosphate was diminished somewhat when the reaction temperature was increased. The zeta potential of combined particulate compound of lanthanum ion and phosphate was located for its isoelectric point at pH 5.5 and the turbidity of treated wastewater was found to vary according to the pH in a similar manner as the absolute value of zeta potential of the combined particulate compound did. For the treatment of fluorine wastewater by crude rare earth chloride, the remaining fluorine content after treatment decreased as the dosage of crude rare earth chloride increased. Whereas, the turbidity of treated wastewater and the amount of sludge generated were shown to increase as more crude rare earth chloride was added. The remaining fluorine content and the turbidity of treated wastewater were decreased and the amount of sludge generated was observed to increase according the increase of coagulant dosage under the condition of constant input of crude rare earth chloride.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.33-39
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• 2022

Batch experiments were conducted to find out the effects of various types of magnesium compounds on phosphorus recovery by magnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP) crystallization. The phosphorus recovery from the centrate of anaerobic digested sludge was performed using magnesium chloride, magnesium hydroxide and magnesium oxide under different pH (7.5, 8.0 and 8.5) and Mg/P molar ratio (1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5) conditions. The phosphorus recovery rate increased with increasing pH and Mg/P molar ratio in all magnesium compounds. At pH 7.5, magnesium oxide showed the highest phosphorus recovery rate, followed by magnesium hydroxide and magnesium chloride. However, at pH 8.5, more than 90% of phosphorus recovery rate was obtained in all Mg/p molar ratios. Thus, it is expected that magnesium hydroxide and magnesium oxide are able to replace magnesium chloride as a magnesium source in terms of phosphorus recovery efficiency and cost.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.185-186
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• 2016

Four mortar mixes tested to evaluate the early-age compressive strength of magnesia-phosphate composite with phosphate type. Monopotassium phosphate, dipotassium phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and diammonium phosphate used as phosphate. Test results show that the compressive strength of mortar used monopotassium phosphate as phosphate was highest, while compressive strength of mortars used dipotassium phosphate and diammonium phosphate as phosphate were not developed.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.709-714
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• 2006

The propose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of using waste lime core to remove phosphorus from wastewater in continuous flow reaction. The phosphorus was found to be removed from municipal wastewater by hydroxyapatite crystallization and precipation. Waste lime core size 1, 2 showed phosphorus removal rate of about 90% during early 11 hrs of run time. In addition, breakpoint time was decreased by increased inflow rate regardless of waste lime core size.