• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.395-413
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between the employees' perception of organizational justice and their prosocial behaviors, focusing on the moderating effect of employees' individualism and collectivism. The survey has been conducted for 200 participants working in Korean companies. The results show that the perception of organizational justice is positively related with their prosocial behaviors. Also, employees' individualism and collectivism is significantly related with their prosocial behaviors. Specifically, individuals who are more collectivistic or less individualistic performed more prosocial behaviors than those who are less collectivistic or more individualistic. Finally, employees' individualism/collectivism has moderated the relationship between the perception of organizational justice and prosocial behaviors. When employees have strong sense of collectivism, they performed prosocial behaviors consistently regardless of the perception of organizational justice. That is, even though they perceive organizational justice as low, they perform prosocial behaviors in some degree. However, when employees have strong sense of individualism, their prosocial behaviors have been significantly determined by the perception of organizational justice. That is, when they perceive organizational justice as low, they rarely performed prosocial behaviors. But, as they perceive more organizational justice, their prosocial behaviors have been dramatically increased. The implication of those results and future research questions have been discussed.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.44
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• pp.183-209
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• 2016

Hayao Miyazaki's product, , is evaluated that his work until present that product point of view and commercial point of view are highly filled at the same time. Miyazaki's showed new public entertainment possibility in genre that is animation inventing highest-grossing domestic film in Japan's history until it was taken over by another Miyazaki work. Also, it can high evaluate that not that see for interest simply beam about environment and human who writer has to spectator deep self-examination and way of problem pulling comprehension without burden through resected reflex which is not exigent delivery sympathy form. Analyzing his product, , ,, , , , this research allowed purpose to recognize that he present the alternative after arranges intent subject how and institute problem. And do to study whether his though and ideology met with viewpoints of ecologism and environment(environmentalism) in work how. There are his countenance have theme that is certain in Miyazaki director's works. If summarize had handled subject meantime, it is , , , etc. This subjects are that go first at importance order among problems which we face, it is that human desires essentially. If balance of society system that regulate various economical, moral value system and desire to our society is set, our society is that can become little more near in nature mode of life.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• v.148
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• pp.1-27
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• 2018

The 10th constitution established in 1987 serves as the theoretical foundation of democracy in South Korea in the 21st century. Respect for human rights, resistance to injustice, and equality consciousness inherent in this constitution do not conflict with the content of Confucian philosophy. This means that the spirit of the constitution of South Korea in the 21st century was formed under the influence of the idea of democracy and Confucian philosophy. However, the 10th constitution attaches importance to the idea of the 'Basic free and democratic order', which was accepted in the Yushin constitution and inherited by the military forces. The Yushin constitution was affected by liberalism that prioritizes freedom over equality rather than supporting the compatibility between freedom and equality. Therefore, policies to expand the interests of the bourgeoisie rather than public welfare or the interests of the public have been implemented frequently. In particular, during the Lee Myeong-bak and Park Geun-hye regimes, many unequal phenomena were mass-produced. Confucian philosophy in the 21st century critically sees this unequal society. Confucian philosophy thinks that a sense of relative deprivation plays a role of alienating humans and emphasizes the importance of equal relationships. In addition, this constitution emphasizes the rule of law. However, the rule of law attaches importance to positive laws when the spirit of the constitution that contains natural law is applied to reality through systems. This rejects autonomous judgments and choices while inducing reliance on heteronomy. These heteronomous laws as such are accompanied by forcibleness. The positive laws as such can degrade humans into passive beings that indiscriminately adapt themselves to frames already set instead of active beings that think freely and creatively. Confucian philosophy regards and criticizes the rule of law as a system that makes humans into a means. Confucian philosophy regards humans as moral beings instead of tools. Confucian philosophy seeks to build a healthy society through morality accomplished through conscious realization of the principles of life. Confucian philosophy regards humans as originally free beings. Therefore, human beings are autonomous beings, not heteronomous beings. According to Confucian philosophy, humans beings that can realize the morality contained in their inner side by themselves to responsibly carry out their own judgments and choices. Therefore, Confucian philosophy, which considers human beings as beings to be trusted instead of beings to be distrusted, attaches importance to the realization of human decency through edification rather than by punishment through the law. This means that human values cannot be kept by the heteronomy termed positive laws but the identity of humans can be maintained by voluntary choices and judgments. As such, the comment of Confucian philosophy on the problems of liberal democracy and positive laws contained in the 10th constitution can be helpful in essentially solving the contradictions of modern South Korean society.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.107-120
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• 2020

This study aims to analyze the importance of key elements and clauses of the preliminary ethical guideline for Automated Vehicles(AV) using the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP). Reflecting previous researches on AV ethical guideline, we developed the questionnaire for the AHP survey. According to the AHP results of key elements and detailed clauses, Protecting human dignity and life are most important as a top priority in overall clauses. Also, clauses related to the user's liability are high priorities, but clauses related to the administrator's liability are low priorities. These results implied that the government should enact a law and draw up an ethical guideline in a neutral attitude to respect the private areas and enjoy the public interests. In order to declare Korean ethical guidelines and improve social acceptance, it is necessary to conduct a seminar and make an educational program, also gather the opinions of citizens and experts.

• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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• v.62
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• pp.11-41
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• 2020

This study is to suggest the tasks of Christian Education for developing empathic emotional ability of women in AI era through examining the meaning of empathic sensibilization and the examples of women overcoming the hardships of their times and bringing about change. Empathic sensibility is becoming a issue and empathy is emphasized in AI era. Because empathy is becoming a big support in overcoming hardships, and empathic emotion is showing human dignity, equality, service, devotion and consideration and so is forming a global community living together. And on investigation of the examples of women overcoming the hardships of their times, I found that as a woman with a sense and thought, as a historical human being, not as a gender, the tasks of Christian Education for developing empathic sensibility ability of women in AI era will be effort to be yourself, theological identity reestablishment of women and developing insight to read the times.

• Journal of the Daesoon Academy of Sciences
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• v.43
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• pp.67-102
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze the human rights found in the North Korean Constitution and their core problem by focusing on elements of human rights suggested by Daesoon Jinrihoe's doctrine of Haewon-sangsaeng (解冤相生 the Resolution of Grievances for Mutual Beneficence). Haewon-sangsaeng is seemingly the only natural law that could resolve human resentment lingering from the Mutual Contention of the Former World while leading humans work for the betterment of one another. Haewon-sangsaeng, as a natural law, includes the right to life, the right to autonomous decision-making, and duty to act according to human dignity (physical freedom, the freedom of conscience, freedom of religion, freedom of speech, freedom of press, etc.), the right to equal treatment in one's social environment, and the right to ensure the highest level of health through treatment. The North Korean Constitution does not have a character as an institutional device to guarantee natural human rights, the fundamental principle of the Constitution, and stipulates the right of revolutionary warriors to defend dictators and dictatorships. The right to life is specified so that an individual's life belongs to the life of the group according to their socio-political theory of life. Rights to freedom are stipulated to prioritize group interests over individual interests in accordance with the principle of collectivism. The right to equality and the right to health justify discrimination through class discrimination. The right to life provided to North Koreans is not guaranteed due to the death penalty system found within the North Korean Criminal Code and the Criminal Code Supplementary Provisions. The North Korean regime deprives North Koreans of their right to die with dignity through public executions. The North Korean regime places due process under the direction of the Korea Worker's Party, recognizes religion as superstition or opium, and the Korea Worker's Party acknowledge the freedoms of bodily autonomy, religion, media, or press. North Koreans are classified according to their status, and their rights to equality are not guaranteed because they are forced to live a pre-modern lifestyle according to the patriarchal order. In addition, health rights are not guaranteed due biased availability selection and accessibility in the medical field as well as the frequent shortages of free treatments.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.20
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• pp.179-198
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• 2009

This study aims to find out what affects on performance of private security service guards' duty regarding the security service martial arts. To achieve its goal, object of this study was set as private security service guards of private security service enterprise. Here are some conclusions that have been found. First of all, it was revealed that Hapgido, Judo, Taekwondo, kumdo and fencing are in order of the martial arts that help security service the most. Second, the relation of the ability to perform private security service guards' duty between the security service martial art of security guards and the types of them appeared that ones who had been trained were found to be more affirmative than ones who had not, and showed a significant difference. On the other hand, there was no significant difference found on the type of performance of private security service guards' duty. However, ones with a longer career seemed to be more affirmative on the side of work quality and duty, and it also showed a significant difference statistically. complishment relation between the security service martial art of security guards and the types of them appeared that ones who had been trained were found to be more affirmative than ones who had not, and showed a significant difference. Seventh, the relation of mental and the types of them appeared that ones who had been trained were found to be more affirmative than ones who had not, and showed a significant difference. On the other hand, there was no significant difference found on the type of performance of private security service guards' duty.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 1979

본 연구(硏究) 보고서(報告書)는 중앙대학교(中央大學校) 부설(附設) 사회복지관(社會福祉館) 운영(運營)의 합리성(合理性)과 그 기능(機能)의 고찰(考察)을 중심(中心)으로 하여 저소득층(低所得層)에 있어서 사회복지관(社會福祉館)의 역할(役割)과 그 봉사활동(奉仕活動)의 내용(內容)이 어떠해야만 한다는 가설(假說)과 합리성(合理性)을 개최(開催)하는 동시(同時)에 금반(今般) 이스라엘, 예루살렘에서 1978년 8월 14일부터 8월 18일까지 개최(開催)하는 국제사회사업(國際社會事業) 대학협의회(大學協議會) 설립(設立) 50주년(周年) 기념학술대회(記念學術大會)에서 본(本) 연구보고서(硏究報告書)를 발표(發表)하도록 의뢰함으로써 그에 준(準)하여 작성(作成)하였으며 동시(同時)에 영문(英文)으로 기재하였다. 본 부설(附設) 사회복지관(社會福祉館)의 운영(運營)의 월지(越旨)와 목적(目的)은 아래와 같이 요약(要約)하고자 한다. 복지사회(福祉社會) 건설(建設)이라는 시대적(時代的)이며 전국적(全國的)인 여망(與望)에 부응(副應)하여 대학(大學)은 그 선도적(先導的) 역할(役割)을 담당하고 인간(人間)의 존엄성(尊嚴性)과 생존(生存)의 교리(?利)를 주장할 뿐만 아니라 국가부흥(國家復興)의 80년대(年代)를 향한 복지시책(福祉施策)의 기를 공고(鞏固)히 하고 사회사업(社會事業)의 토착화(土着化) 내지(內至) 자주성(自主性)을 확립(確立)해야 한다는 철학적(哲學的) 사명(使命)을 다하여야 하기에 본(本) 중앙대학교(中央大學校) 사회사업학과(社會事業學科)에서는 그러한 시범사업(示範事業)의 일환(一環)으로 본(本) 대학교(大學校)가 위치(位置)하고 있는 인근지역(隣近地域)에 사회복지관(社會福祉館)을 설립(設立)하고 다음의 세가지 목적(目的)을 달성하고저 광범(廣範)한 사업(事業)을 계획(計劃), 전개(展開)하고 있다. 1. 사회사업학(社會事業學)은 이론(理論)과 실제(實際)의 긴밀한 연계(連繫)가 강조되는 학문(學問)으로서 학생(學生)들의 실습(實習)을 교수(敎授)가 직접적으로 지도(指導), 감독(監督)함으로써 사회사업(社會事業)의 전문생(專門生)을 개발(開發)내지 발전(發展)시켜 나가야 한다. 2. 직접봉사(直接奉仕)와 학구적(學究的) 실험(實驗)을 통하여 새로운 봉사기술(奉仕技術)과 사업계획(事業計劃)을 개발(開發)하고 정립(定立)시킴으로써 국가적(國家的) 차원(次元)에서 실제분야(實際分野)에 직접 응용(應用)되도록 하여야 한다. 3. 대학(大學)이 위치(位置)하고 있는 인근지역(隣近地域), 특히 영세주민((零)細住民)들의 욕구(慾求)에 따라서 적절(適切)한 봉사(奉仕)를 직접 제공(提供)하여 줌으로써 지역사회문제(地域社會問題) 해결(解決) 참여(參與)하여야 한다. 4. 사업내용(事業內容) 위의 목적(目的)을 달성(達成)하기 위하여 다음과 같은 사업(事業)을 한다. (1) 청소년(靑少年) 집단지도사업(集團指導事業) (2) 가정복지사업(家庭福祉事業) (3) 아동상담사업(兒童相談事業) (4) 의료진료사업(醫療診療事業) (5) 야간교육(夜間敎育事業) (6) 독서실운영사업(讀書室運營事業) (7) 직업훈련사업(職業訓練事業) (8) 가족계획사업(家族計劃事業) (9) 법률상담사업(法律相談事業) (10) 탁아시설사업(託兒施設事業) (11) 기타(其他) 위와 관련(關聯)된 사업(事業)

• Journal of Legislation Research
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• no.44
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• pp.655-688
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• 2013

Most of all the transfer of undertakings in such a service provision business as labour-intensive operation creates uncertainty of employment, aggravates terms of employment and breaks a trade union. However there are no regulations in Korea to protect employees from these undesirable situations. On the other hand Great Britain has introduced the concept of a transfer of undertakings by service provision change in 2006. It was intended to remove or at least alleviate the uncertainties and difficulties created by the need under TUPE 1981 and EU Directive to establish a transfer of a stable economic identity which retained its identity in the hands of the alleged transferee. In contrast to the words used to define transfer in the 1981 Regulations 'service provision change' is a wholly new statutory concept and distinguished from the economic entity. The new provisions seems to be straightforwards and the circumstances in which service provision change is established are clearly set out in Regulations. In this context there is no need for a judicially prescribed multi-factorial approach, as advanced by European Court of Justice like Spijkers test. The new concept of service provision change apply even though there are some minor difference or differences between the nature of the tasks carried on after service provision change as compared with before it. A commonsense and pragmatic approach is required and It is enough only to ask whether the activities carried on by the alleged transferee are fundamentally or essentially the same as those carried out by the alleged transfer. TUPE 2006 of Great Britain far exceeding the scope of the Acquired Rights Directive is full of suggestions as a model of legislation to secure a stable employment itself and favorable and fair conditions of employment. More active efforts are needed for lawmaking to prohibit a dismissal and vary conditions of employment for the reason of the transfer of undertakings itself.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.9 no.spc
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• pp.89-105
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• 2003

The purpose of this paper is to explore Korean adolescents' understanding of safety using the indigenous psychologies approach. This paper examines Korean adolescents' experience of the type of accidents they were involved in, what they perceived to be the cause of the accident, the type of social support received after the accident, and the prevention needed to avoid future accidents. The indigenous understanding of accidents is examined according to the grade level of the students, gender, and safety efficacy beliefs. Second, to examine the changes in the safety efficacy beliefs, the differences across primary, junior high, and senior high school students are examined. Third, the relationship between safety efficacy belief and attitudes toward preventing future accidents is explored. Third, the parental influence on adolescents' safety efficacy belief is examined by analyzing the influence of their socio-economic status and their safety efficacy belief on their children's safety efficacy belief and behavior. The review of the results can be summarized into the following five main points: (1) decrease in safety efficacy belief with increasing age, (2) positive relationship between safety efficacy belief and behavior, (3) the utility of the indigenous psychologies approach, (4) the parental influence on their children's safety efficacy beliefs and behavior, and (5) the need to further explore, promote, and educate the importance of human life and quality of life by preventing accidents and promoting safety consciousness and behavior in Korea.